1、Designation: D 6449 99Standard Test Method forFlow of Fine Aggregate Concrete for Fabric FormedConcrete (Flow Cone Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6449; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure, used both in thelaboratory and in the field, for determining the tim
3、e of efflux ofa specified volume of the fine aggregate concrete through astandardized flow cone and used for fabric formed concrete(FFC); however, the test method may also be used for otherfluid concrete.1.2 It is for use with fine aggregate concrete containing fineaggregate as define in Specificati
4、on C 33.1.3 This test method is intended for use with fine aggregateconcrete having an efflux time 9 to 15 s.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsi
5、bility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates2C 39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindri
6、alConcrete Specimens2C 94 Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)3C 1064 Test Method for Temperature of Freshly MixedPortland Concrete Cement33. Summary of Test Method3.1 The time of effl
7、ux of a specified volume of fineaggregate concrete from a standardized flow cone is measured.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is applicable to the determination ofthe fluidity of various fluid fine aggregate concrete mixtures.5. Interferences5.1 The presence of solid particles retained on
8、 the 9.53 mm(38 in.) sieve or lumps of unmixed material in the fineaggregate may cause the fine aggregate concrete to flowunevenly through the discharge tube of the flow cone or stopthe flow completely. Uneven flow will result in slower transitof the fine aggregate concrete, thereby indicating a fal
9、seconsistency.6. Apparatus6.1 Flow Cone, the dimensions as shown in Fig. 1. The bodyand discharge tube can be stainless steel, cast aluminum, orother essentially noncorroding metal.6.2 Receiving Container, capacity 2000 mL (2.114 qt),minimum.6.3 Ring Stand or other devise, capable of supporting thef
10、low cone in a vertical, steady position over the receivedcontainer.6.4 Level, carpenters or similar.6.5 Stop Watch, least reading of not more than 0.2 s.6.6 Thermometer, having a range from 18 to 49C (0 to120F) and conforming to the requirements for ASTM ther-mometer No. 36 degrees C. Other thermome
11、ters of the requiredaccuracy, including the metal immersion type, are acceptable.7. Test Sample7.1 The fine aggregate concrete test sample shall be inexcess of 1725 mL (1.823 qt) and shall be representative of thefine aggregate concrete in the mixer.7.2 When sampling and testing is being done for th
12、epurpose of proportioning or comparing mixes or for qualifyingmaterials, the temperature of the fine aggregate concrete shallbe in accordance with Specification C 94, unless otherwisespecified.8. Calibration of Apparatus8.1 Mount the flow cone firmly in such a manner that it isfree of vibration. Lev
13、el the top to assure verticality. Close theoutlet of the discharge tube with a finger or a stopper. Introduce1725 6 5 mL (1.823 qt 6 0.169 fluid oz) of water into thecone. Adjust the point gage to indicate the level of watersurface. Then allow the water to drain.8.2 Before first use of the flow cone
14、 with fine aggregateconcrete and periodically thereafter, check the accuracy of the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion andSediment Control Technology.Current edition approved July 10, 19
15、99. Published October 1999.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.1Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.cone by filling it with water as described in 8.1. After checkingor adjusting the point gage, start t
16、he stop watch and simulta-neously remove the finger. Stop the watch at the first break inthe continuous flow of water. The time indicated by the stopwatch is the time of efflux of water. If this time is 4.2 6 0.2 s,the cone may be used for determining the time of efflux of fineaggregate concrete.9.
17、Procedure9.1 Moisten the inside of the flow cone by filling the conewith water and, 1 min before introducing the fine aggregateconcrete sample, allow the water to drain from the cone. Closethe outlet of the discharge tube with a finger or a stopper.Introduce the fine aggregate concrete into the cone
18、 until thefine aggregate concrete surface rises to contact the point gage,start the stop watch, and simultaneously remove the finger orstopper. Stop the watch at the first break in the continuous flowof fine aggregate concrete from the discharge tube, then lookinto the top of the cone; if the fine a
19、ggregate concrete hasNOTE 1Other means of indicating fine aggregate concrete level may be used as long as accurate indication of fine aggregate concrete level on volumeis obtained.FIG. 1 Cross Section of Flow ConeD 64492passed sufficiently, such that light is visible through thedischarge tube, the t
20、ime indicated by the stop watch is the timeof efflux of the fine aggregate concrete. If light is not visiblethrough the discharge tube, then the use of the flow cone is notapplicable for fine aggregate concrete of this consistency. Atleast two test having times of efflux within 1.8 s of theiraverage
21、 shall be made for each fine aggregate concretemixture.9.2 The test for time of efflux shall be made within 1 min ofdrawing of the fine aggregate concrete from the mixer.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Identification of sample,10.1.2 Identification of materials in the sample,
22、the propor-tions, and whether laboratory-prepared or taken from the fieldproduction mix.10.1.3 Average time of efflux to nearest 0.2 s and timeinterval from completion of mixing at which the test was made,and10.1.4 Temperature, ambient and the sample at the time oftest.11. Precision and Bias11.1 Pre
23、cisionThe following within-laboratory, multiple-operator precision applies. The single laboratory standarddeviation has been found to be 0.88 s. Therefore, results fromtwo properly conducted tests on the same material should notdiffer by more than 2.49 s.11.2 BiasNo statement on bias can be prepared
24、 becausethere are no standard reference materials.12. Keywords12.1 fabric formed concrete; fine aggregate concrete; flowcone; time of effluxThe American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in t
25、his standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must
26、be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletech
27、nical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make yourviews known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Individualreprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585(phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (http:/www.astm.org).D 64493
