1、Designation: D6461/D6461M 16D6461/D6461M 16aStandard SpecificationSpecifications forSilt Fence Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6461/D6461M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for geotextile fabrics and associated components used in tempo
3、rarysilt fence applications. ThisTable 1 is a material purchasing specification based on AASHTO M288. Table 2 is a specification tobe used in areas of high water flow.1.2 This specification isBoth specifications are applicable to the use of a geotextile as a vertical permeable interceptor designedto
4、 remove suspended soil from overland, nonconcentrated water flow. The function of a temporary silt fence is to trap and allowsettlement of soil particles from sediment laden water. The purpose is to greatly limit the transport of eroded soil from theconstruction site construction sites and other are
5、as affected by water runoff.NOTE 1It should be noted that proper installation and maintenance are critical for the effective functioning of silt fence.1.3 The tests used to characterize the silt fence are intended to ensure good workmanship and quality and are not necessarilyadequate for design purp
6、oses in view of the wide variety of possible sediments and performance objectives.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents, therefore each system shall be used independently of
7、 the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.NOTE 2Although thisthe Table 1 specification should be acceptable in most erosion control applications, it should be noted that an alternative siltfence specification withfor a higher water flow rate, li
8、sted in Table 2, may be required by the engineers in areas that are susceptible to higher waterrunoff.runoff; using Table 2 specification will minimize safety hazards such as hydroplaning in these areas.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD276 Test Methods
9、 for Identification of Fibers in TextilesD653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained FluidsD4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled Erosion Control Products(RECPs) for TestingD4355 Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xen
10、on Arc Type ApparatusD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4491 Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles by PermittivityD4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of GeotextilesD4751 Test Methods for Determining Apparent Opening Size of a GeotextileD4759 Practice for Determining
11、 the Specification Conformance of GeosyntheticsD4873 Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and SamplesD6637 Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-Rib Tensile Method2.2 AASHTO Standard:M288-15 Standard Specification for Geote
12、xtile Specification for Highway Applications31 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion and SedimentControl Technology.Current edition approved July 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2016. Published July 2016Ja
13、nuary 2017. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20072016 asD6461 99 (2007)D64612, which was withdrawn February 2016 and reinstated in July 2016. DOI: 10.1520/D6461_D6461M-16. 16. DOI: 10.1520/D6461_D6461M-16A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.
14、org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 2
15、49, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes ac
16、curately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United S
17、tates13. Materials and Manufacture3.1 Fibers used in the manufacture of geotextiles for silt fence, and the threads used in joining geotextiles by sewing, shallconsist of long-chain synthetic polymers composed of at least 95 % by weight of polyolefin or polyester. They shall be formed intoa stable n
18、etwork such that the filaments or yarns retain their dimensional stability relative to each other, including selvages.3.2 Geotextiles and related materials used for temporary silt fence shall conform to the physical requirements of Sections 7 and8.3.3 All property values, with the exception of appar
19、ent opening size (AOS), in this specification represent minimum averageroll values (MARV) in the weakest principle direction (that is, average test results of any roll in a lot sampled for conformanceor quality assurance testing shall meet or exceed the minimum value provided herein). Values forAOS
20、represent maximum averageroll values.4. Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance4.1 Silt fence shall be subject to sampling and testing to verify conformance with this specification. Sampling for testing shallbe in accordance with Practice D4354. Acceptance shall be based on testing of conformance samples
21、obtained using Procedure Aof Practice D4354. A lot size for conformance or quality assurance sampling shall be considered to be the shipment quantity ofthe given product or a truckload of the given product, whichever is smaller.4.2 Testing shall be performed in accordance with the test methods refer
22、enced in this specification for the indicated application.The number of specimens to test per sample (see Terminology D653) is specified by each test method. Geotextile productacceptance shall be based on Practice D4759. Product acceptance is determined by comparing the average test results of allsp
23、ecimens within a given sample to the specification MARV. Refer to Practice D4759 for more details regarding geotextileacceptance procedures.TABLE 2 Temporary Silt Fence Material Property Requirements Under High Water Flow ConditionsTest Methods UnitsSupportedASilt Fence Type of ValueGrab Strength AS
24、TM D4632 N lbMachine Direction 1157N MARV260 lbX-Machine Direction 801N MARV180 lbPermittivity ASTM D4491 sec-1 1.0 MARVApparent Opening Size ASTM D4751 mm 0.60 Max. ARV(US Sieve #) (30)Ultraviolet Stability ASTM D4355 %RetainedStrength70 % after500 h ofexposureTypicalASilt fence support shall consi
25、st of 14 gage 1.63mm steel wire with maximum openings of 6 by 6 in. 150 by 150mm or prefabricated polymer mesh of 200 by 200 lb/ft2900N/m in accordance with Test Method D6637.TABLE 1 Temporary Silt Fence Material Property RequirementsTest Methods UnitsSupportedASilt FenceUnsupportedASilt Fence Type
26、of ValueGrab Strength ASTM D4632 N lbMachine Direction 400 N 550 N MARVMachine Direction 400N 550N MARV90 lb 124 lbX-Machine Direction 400 N 450 N MARVX-Machine Direction 400N 450N MARV90 lb 101 lbPermittivity ASTM D4491 sec-1 0.05 0.05 MARVApparent Opening Size ASTM D4751 mm 0.60 0.60 Max. ARV(US S
27、ieve #) (30) (30)Ultraviolet Stability ASTM D4355 %RetainedStrength70 % after500 h ofexposure70 % after500 h ofexposureTypicalASilt fence support shall consist of 14 gage 1.63mm steel wire with maximum openings of 6 by 6 in. 150 by 150mm or prefabricated polymer mesh of 200 by 200 lb/ft2900N/m in ac
28、cordance with Test Method D6637.D6461/D6461M 16a25. Certification5.1 The contractor shall provide to the Site Engineer a certificate stating the name of the manufacturer, product name, stylenumber, chemical composition of the filaments or yarns and other pertinent information related to posts, post
29、spacing, supportmesh, and other components to fully describe the silt fence system.5.2 The manufacturer is responsible for establishing and maintaining a quality control program to assure compliance with therequirements of the controlling material specification. Documentation describing the quality
30、control program shall be madeavailable upon request.5.3 The manufacturers certificate shall state that the furnished silt fence materials meet the requirements of the controllingspecification as evaluated under the manufacturers quality control program. The certificate shall be attested to by a pers
31、on anauthorized officer of the company having legal authority to bind the manufacturer.5.4 Either mislabeling or misrepresentation of materials shall be reason to reject those silt fence materials.6. Shipment and Storage6.1 Silt fence labeling, shipment and storage shall follow Guide D4873. Product
32、labels shall clearly show the manufacturer orsupplier name, style name, and roll number. Each shipping document shall include a notation certifying that the material is inaccordance with the manufacturers certificate.6.2 Each silt fence roll may be wrapped with a material that will protect the geote
33、xtile from damage due to shipment, water,sunlight, and contaminants; however, silt fence that has been fabricated with wooden stakes shall not be wrapped due tocondensation rotting the stakes within the covering. If applicable, the protective wrapping shall be maintained during periods ofshipment an
34、d storage.6.3 During storage, silt fence rolls shall be elevated off the ground and adequately covered to protect them from thefollowingsite construction damage, precipitation, extended ultraviolet radiation including sunlight, strong acids or strong bases,flames including welding sparks, temperatur
35、es in excess of 160F 71C, 71 C, and any other environmental condition that maydamage the physical properties of the geotextile.7. Temporary Silt Fence Material Requirements7.1 The geotextile used for temporary silt fence in Table 1, may or may not be supported between posts with wire or polymericmes
36、h. The temporary silt fence geotextile shall meet the minimum requirements ofin Table 1. Grab strength and permittivity valuesin Table 1 represent minimum average roll values (MARV). Values for AOS represent maximum average roll values (MaxARV).Ultraviolet stability values are typical values.7.2 As
37、a general rule, the minimum height above ground for all silt fence should be 18 in. 450 mm 450mm and a maximumof 30 in. 750 mm, 750mm, see Note 3 discussing the maximum height above ground. Minimum embedment depth shall be 6in. 150 mm. Thus, as 150mm. As a general rule, the minimum silt fence width
38、should be 3 ft 900 mm.900mm.7.3 Under Table 1, maximum post spacing shall be based on the fabric support or, if unsupported, on elongation as measuredin accordance with Test Method D4632. Supported silt fence shall have a maximum post spacing of 10 ft 3m. Unsupported siltfence with elongation 50 % s
39、hall have a maximum post spacing of 4 ft 1.2m. Unsupported silt fence with elongation 50 %shall have a maximum post spacing of 6.5 ft 2m.7.4 The geotextile used for temporary silt fence in Table 2, shall be supported between posts with wire or polymeric mesh. Thetemporary silt fence geotextile shall
40、 meet the minimum requirements in Table 2. Grab strength and permittivity values in Table2 represent minimum average roll values (MARV).Values forAOS represent maximum average roll values (MaxARV). Ultravioletstability values are typical values.7.5 MaximumUnder Table 2post spacing shall be based on
41、the fabric support or, if unsupported, on elongation as measured inaccordance with Test Method , supported temporary D4632. Supported silt fence shall have a maximum post spacing of 10 ft 3m. Unsupported silt fence with elongation 50 % shall have a maximum post spacing of 4 ft 1.2 m. Unsupported sil
42、t fence withelongation 50 % shall have a maximum post spacing of 6.5 ft 2 m.4 ft 1.2m.NOTE 3The recommended maximum height of 30 in. 750 mm 750mm is designed to trap the flowing sediment without creating a seriousdownstream flooding problem if the silt fence experienced a total rupture. In addition,
43、 the maximum silt fence height must take into account theenvironmental conditions of the area of installation to, for example, avoid a situation where the silt fence could cause the level of the retained water torise to a level that would flood an adjacent structure. In that situation, it would be n
44、ecessary to use a lower height silt fence above ground and considerationshould be given to using multiple properly spaced silt fences to slow the velocity of the water flow and provide for additional silt collection without therisk of harmful flooding.8. Related Material Requirements8.1 Wood, When u
45、sing shorter silt fences, wood, steel, or synthetic support posts having a minimum length of 4 ft 1.2 m maybe used. They 3 ft 900mm may be used; however, in most cases a minimum 4 ft T Post would be recommended, the width ofD6461/D6461M 16a3the silt fence fabric would be the determining factor. The
46、posts shall have sufficient strength to resist damage during installationand to support the applied loads due to material build up behind the silt fence.NOTE 4It has been found that hardwood posts having dimensions of at least 1.2 by 1.2 in. 30 by 30 mm, 30mm, No. 2 Southern Pine at least 2.5by 2.5
47、in. 65 by 65 mm 65mm or steel posts of U, T, L, or C shape, weighing at a minimum 1.15 lb/ft 1.75 kg/m 1.75kg/m have performedsatisfactorily.8.2 Wire or polymer support fence shall be at least 2.5 ft 750 mm 750mm high and strong enough to support applied loads.Polymer support fences shall meet the s
48、ame ultraviolet degradation requirements as the geotextile. Polymer mesh shall have aminimum ultimate tensile strength of 200 lb/ft in both machine and cross direction measured in accordance with Test MethodD6637.NOTE 5Wire support fence shall be 14 g 1.63mm steel wire and a maximum opening size of
49、6 by 6 in. 150 by 150 mm.150mm.9. Keywords9.1 geotextile; sediment control; silt fenceASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the r
