1、Designation:D654411 Designation: D6544 12Standard Practice forPreparation of Textiles Prior to Ultraviolet (UV)Transmission Testing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6544; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers standardized exposures to laundering, simulated sunlight, and chlorinated poo
3、l water to which cloth,labeled as ultraviolet-(UV) protective, must be exposed prior to testing for UV transmission.1.2 This practice leads to measurement of the residual level of UV-protection in fabrics or garments labeled as sun- orUV-protective, after exposure to conditions that relate to about
4、two years of seasonal use. The UV transmission measurements maybe done in accordance with AATCC Test Method 183 using fabrics prepared in accordance with this practice. This measurementmay be used in support of a label statement regarding UV protection.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be reg
5、arded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine
6、the applicability of regulatory limitationsprior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for TextilesD3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instructions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
7、D6544Practice forPreparation of Tex-tiles Prior to Ultra-violet (UV) Trans-mission TestingD6603 Guide for Labeling of UV-Protective TextilesE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot orProcess2.2 AATCC Test Methods and D
8、ocuments:3AATCC 16E Colorfastness to LightAATCC 135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering of Woven or Knit FabricAATCC 162 Colorfastness to Water: Chlorinated PoolAATCC 172 Colorfastness to Non-chlorine Bleach in Home LaunderingAATCC 183 Transmittance or Blocking of Erythemally Weighted U
9、ltraviolet Radiation through FabricsGlossary of AATCC Standard Terminology3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of other textile terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D123 and the Glossary ofAATCC Standard Terminology.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice directs the exposure of
10、 cloth, labeled as UV-protective, to conditions of laundering, simulated sunlight, and1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.65 on UV Protective Fabrics andClothing.Current edition Jan.Feb. 1, 2011.2012. Publish
11、ed February 2011.2012. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20072011 asD654400(2007).D6544 11. DOI: 10.1520/D6544-112.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
12、volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to pr
13、ovide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof th
14、e standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.chlorinated pool water generally known to affect UV transmittance.4.2 This practice directs selection and sequen
15、cing of exposure conditions for UV-protective fabrics and garments.5. Significance and Use5.1 The significance of this practice is that cloth, labeled as UV-protective, which will ultimately be submitted for UVtransmittance testing will be in a state that simulates their condition at the end of two
16、years of normal seasonal use. Therefore, theUV-protection level ultimately placed on a label estimates the maximum UV transmittance of the garment fabric during a two-yearlife cycle.6. Sampling and Test Specimens6.1 Primary Sampling UnitConsider rolls or bolts of fabric, or cartons of garments to be
17、 the primary sampling unit, asapplicable.6.1.1 Take the number of primary sampling units from each lot, shipment, or production run in accordance with Practice E122.6.2 Laboratory Sampling Unit:6.2.1 Take the number of laboratory sampling units from the primary sampling unit in accordance with Pract
18、ice E122.6.2.2 Rolls or Bolts of FabricTake from each primary sampling unit one full-width piece of fabric that is about 1 m (1 yd)in length along the selvage (machine direction), after removing a first 1-mm length. For narrow fabrics, a longer sample lengthmay be required to meet the test specimen
19、requirements.6.2.3 GarmentsTake from each primary sampling unit one entire garment. For small garments, such as childrens, wheresufficient material is not available to meet the three test specimens requirement, take a pair of garments and treat as one samplingunit.6.3 LaunderingUnless exempt from la
20、undering, launder the laboratory sampling unit or a section of it that is at least 380 by380 mm (15 by 15 in.) using exposure conditions as described in 8.1. If the laboratory sampling unit does not have the minimum380-mm dimension, then take a section that is at least 1450 cm2(225 in.2). For small
21、samples, it may be necessary to seal the edgesto prevent raveling during laundering.6.4 Test SpecimensAs test specimens, take from each laboratory sampling unit at least three specimens of each fabric typein accordance with Practice D2905.6.4.1 For simulated sunlight and chlorinated water testing, c
22、ut test specimens 125 by 180 mm (5 by 7 in.).6.4.2 Cut specimens representing a broad distribution diagonally across the width of the laboratory sampling unit. Ensurespecimens are free of folds, creases, or wrinkles. Avoid getting oil water, grease, and so forth on the specimens when handling.For pr
23、inted fabrics, ensure that all colors in the pattern are contained in the test specimen.6.4.3 For fabric widths 125 mm (5 in.) or more, take no specimen closer than 25 mm (1 in.) from the selvage edge.6.4.4 For fabric widths less than 125 mm (5 in.) use the entire width for specimens.6.4.5 When a ga
24、rment is the laboratory sampling unit, take test specimens from various areas of the garment. Avoid takingspecimens along seams.6.4.6 When the required minimum of three specimens cannot be taken from one garment as might be the case with childrensgarments, then take two specimens from each of two ga
25、rments, the pair of garments constituting a laboratory sampling unit.6.4.7 When a garment is made from different fabrics, at least three test specimens are required of each fabric that covers 10 %or more of the body surface covered by the garment.7. Procedure7.1 For garments other than swimwear and
26、fabrics intended to be made into garments other than swimwear, launder 40 timesusing the exposure conditions described in 8.1 and then take specimens from these fabrics and expose to 100AATCC Fading Unitsof simulated sunlight in accordance with the conditions described in 8.2 . (see Note 1).NOTE 1Wh
27、en this practice was first written 40 launderings was determined to simulate the equivalent to two years worth of wearing. Materials madeof different fibers or colors, or both, can act differently to laundering. Some materials may produce higher UPF values, some will not change significantly,while o
28、thers may produce lower UPF values after laundering. Without prior knowledge of how materials will act to laundering, 40 launderings isnecessary to allow for the evaluation of the materials that will show a decrease in UPF values.7.2 For swimwear and fabric intended for swimwear, launder 40 times in
29、 accordance with the exposure conditions describedin 8.1. Then take specimens from the laundered fabrics or garments and expose those specimens to 100 AATCC Fading Units ofsimulated sunlight in accordance with the conditions described in 8.2 and then to chlorinated water in accordance with thecondit
30、ions described in 8.3.7.3 Garments and fabrics intended for use in garments other than swimsuits that are sold with the expectation they will not belaundered (such as disposable or limited-use garments for pesticide application) need only be exposed to simulated sunlight.8. Exposure Conditions8.1 La
31、undering:8.1.1 Conditions of ExposureHand washing or automatic machine washing, wash water temperature, agitation cycle inautomatic laundering, drying method and temperature if machine drying, and use of bleach must be those that will be conveyedD6544 122to the consumer on the care label attached to
32、 the fabric/garment. Those conditions should have been determined by followingGuide D3938.8.1.1.1 Care procedures determined in accordance with Guide D3938 may be modified when it is established that thoseprocedures increase the UV-transmittance of the fabric.8.1.1.2 Follow one of the washing and dr
33、ying procedures in AATCC 135 or AATCC 172 that matches the care instructions ofthe fabric or garment.8.1.2 The specimens to be laundered may be garments, one-yard lengths of fabric, or areas of fabric having minimumdimensions of 380 by 380 mm (15 by 15 in.) or when applicable 1450 cm2(225 in.2).8.2
34、Simulated Sunlight:8.2.1 A xenon-arc lamp must be used which limits the test conditions to those described in AATCC 16 E.8.2.2 For directions for preparing the specimens to be exposed to UV radiation, refer to the test preparation section of TestMethod AATCC 16E noting that only two specimens are re
35、quired and that the specimens are to be cut from the launderedspecimens and omitting the section which refers to the testing of yarns, not fabrics.8.3 Chlorinated Pool Water:8.3.1 For preparation of the specimens to be exposed to chlorinated pool water, refer to the procedure section of Test MethodA
36、ATCC 162. Ignore the reference to colored specimens as white specimens may also be exposed to chlorinated pool waterconditions.8.3.2 The specimens are those previously laundered and exposed to simulated sunlight.8.3.3 For the exposure procedure, follow the procedure provided in the procedure section
37、 of Test Method AATCC 162 with theexception that the chlorine concentration in milligrams per kilogram should be adjusted so it is equal to the unit mass of the fabricspecimen.9. Report9.1 Report that the specimens were prepared for UV transmission testing as directed in this practice. Describe the
38、material orproduct samples.9.2 Specific Conditions of Each Exposure:9.2.1 Use Table X1.1 to report all applicable information about laundering conditions.9.2.2 Use Table X1.2 to report all applicable information about simulated sunlight exposure.9.2.3 Use Table X1.3to report all applicable chlorinat
39、ed pool water exposure conditions.9.3 Deviations from Specified Conditions:9.3.1 Report any deviation from laundering conditions specified in AATCC 135 into Table X1.1.9.3.2 Report any deviation from AATCC Test Method 16 E or the performance of the reference standard used in Table X1.29.3.3 Report a
40、ny deviation from AATCC 162 in Table X1.3.10. Keywords10.1 care labeling; chlorinated pool water effects; laundering effects; simulated sunlight exposure effects; sunbathing;swimwear; UV-protective fabrics; UV transmission testingANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. UV PROTECTIVE TEST METHODSINTRODUCTION
41、Manufacturers and producers of UV protective textile materials or products, or both, must be awareof the proper existing standards and test methods to meet published voluntary standards for labelingUV protective clothing for the United States.A1.1 There are three published voluntary standards:A1.1.1
42、 ASTM D65446544 Practice for Preparation of Textiles Prior to Ultraviolet (UV) Transmission TestingA1.1.2 ASTM D6603 GuideSpecification for Labeling of UV Protective TextilesA1.1.3 AATCC 183 Transmittance or Blocking of Erythemcally Weighted Ultraviolet Radiation Through FabricsA1.2 To summarize at
43、a high level, these three standards are used in conjunction with one another to develop the proper UPFvalues to properly label products as “UV Protective.”A1.2.1 Evaluate UV transmission of original specimen (“unprepared”) or “laundered once” specimen using AATCC 183. Thevalue reported is the AATCC
44、183 UPF value.D6544 123A1.2.2 Refer toASTM D65446544 to determine the exposure conditions depending on the product end use. Section 7 lists threeoptions for exposure conditions. Exposure conditions may reference the following test methods and reflect a combination ofmultiple exposure conditions foll
45、owing these test methods:A1.2.2.1 ASTM D3938A1.2.2.2 AATCC 16A1.2.2.3 AATCC 135A1.2.2.4 AATCC 162A1.2.2.5 AATCC 172A1.2.3 After subjecting the specimens to the specified exposure conditions of ASTM D6544,6544, evaluate UV transmissionusingAATCC 183. This specimen is referred to as the “prepared-for-
46、testing” specimen, based on the end use of the garment/fabric.A1.2.4 Refer to ASTM D6603 for additional calculations that need to be performed on the values obtained from AATCC 183.A1.2.5 Classification for labeling the UPF value are outlined in ASTM D6603, Section 8.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Informatio
47、n)X1. EXPOSURE REPORT FORMSX1.1 See Table X1.1, Table X1.2, and Table X1.3.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity
48、 of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments
49、 are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Indiv
