1、Designation: D6553 00 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forCoolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6553; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use waylubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (syntheticcoolants, se
3、misynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or otheralkaline aqueous fluids.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use
4、. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reage
5、nt WaterD1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oilsand Synthetic FluidsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 cuffa layer between the way oil layer and the coolantor buffer layer that contains significant amounts of bot
6、h. Indescribing this intermediate layer, cuff is preferred to emulsionsince many of the coolants are themselves emulsions.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test procedure is essentially identical to TestMethod D1401, with the actual coolant or an alkaline bufferreplacing the distilled water of that
7、test method. A 40 mLsample and 40 mL of either actual coolant or a pH 9.0 buffersolution (see Note 1) are stirred for 5 min at 54 C (see Note 2)in a graduated cylinder. The time required for the separation ofthe emulsion thus formed is recorded. If complete separation oremulsion reduction to 3 mL or
8、 less does not occur afterstanding for 30 min, the volumes of oil (or fluid), water, andemulsion remaining at the time are reported.NOTE 1Distilled water is not a satisfactory aqueous phase for testingthe ability of way lubricants to separate from coolants because distilledwater gives different resu
9、lts from coolants. The best procedure is to use theactual coolant that the way lubricant will contaminate.Abuffer solution ofpH 9.0 may be used in place of a specific coolant to predict theseparability from alkaline coolants in general.NOTE 2It is recommended, however, that the test temperature bera
10、ised to 82 C 6 1 C when testing way lubricants more viscous than90 cSt (mm2/s) at 40 C.5. Significance and Use5.1 In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool,the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that mayemulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to removethis conta
11、minant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetimemay be significantly shortened. This test method provides aguide for determining the separability characteristics of waylubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkalinemetalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oilsand might
12、 be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.6. Apparatus6.1 Cylinder, 100 mL, graduated from 5 mL to 100 mL in1.0 mL divisions, made of glass, heat-resistant glass, or achemical equivalent. The inside diameter shall be no less than27 mm and no more than 30 mm throughout its length,measured from the
13、top to a point 6 mm from the bottom of thecylinder. The overall length of the cylinder shall be 225 mm to260 mm. The graduation shall not be in error by more than1 mL at any point on the scale.6.2 Heating Bath, sufficiently large and deep enough topermit the immersion of at least two test cylinders
14、in the bathliquid up to their 85 mL graduations. The bath shall be capableof being maintained at a temperature of 54 C 6 1 C (seeNote 2), and shall be fitted with clamps, which hold thecylinder in a position so that the longitudinal axis of the paddlecorresponds to the vertical center line of the cy
15、linder during the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Origi
16、nallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6553 00 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/D6553-00R106.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the stand
17、ards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1stirring operation. The clamps shall hold the cylinder securelywhile its contents are being stirred.6.3 Stirring Paddle, made of chromium-pl
18、ated or stainlesssteel and conforming to the following dimensions: length,120 mm 6 1.5 mm; width, 19 mm 6 0.5 mm; thickness,1.5 mm. It is mounted on a vertical shaft of similar metal,approximately 6 mm in diameter, connected to a drive mecha-nism that rotates the paddle on its longitudinal axis at15
19、00 r min 6 15 r min. The apparatus is of such design that,when the cylinder is clamped in position and the paddleassembly is lowered into the cylinder, a positive stop engagesand holds the assembly when the lower edge of the paddle is6 mm from the bottom of the cylinder. During the operation ofthe s
20、tirrer, the center of the bottom edge of the paddle shall notdeviate more than 1 mm from the axis of rotation. When not inoperation, the paddle assembly can be lifted vertically to clearthe top of the graduated cylinder.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beu
21、sed in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reag
22、ent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referenceto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type II of Specification D1193.7.3 Buffer SolutionA buffer solution of the de
23、sired pHmay be prepared using reagent-grade chemicals and reagentwater.7.4 Cleaning Solvents, Light-hydrocarbon, such as precipi-tation naphtha (WarningHealth hazard.) for petroleum oils.Use other appropriate solvents for dissolving synthetic fluids.7.5 Acetone. (WarningHealth hazard. Flammable.)7.6
24、 Cleaning ReagentCleaning by either hot NOCHRO-MIX (WarningCorrosive. Health hazard. Oxidizer.) or a24 h soak at room temperature in MICRO solution gaveacceptable, statistically equivalent results in round robin test-ing.8. Sampling8.1 The test method is very sensitive to small amounts ofcontaminati
25、on. Take samples in accordance with PracticeD4057.9. Preparation of Apparatus9.1 Clean the graduated cylinder by removing any film ofoil (or fluid) with cleaning solvent, followed by a wash firstwith acetone and then with tap water. The glassware shall befurther cleaned with a suitable cleaning reag
26、ent. Rinse thor-oughly with tap water and then with reagent water. Inspect thecylinders for any residue or water droplets adhering to theinside walls. Both conditions indicate a need for additionalcleaning.9.2 Clean the stirring paddle and shaft with absorbent cottonor tissue wet with cleaning solve
27、nt and air dry. Care must betaken not to bend or misalign the paddle assembly during thecleaning operation.10. Procedure10.1 Heat the bath liquid to 54 C 6 1 C (see Note 2) andmaintain it at that temperature throughout the test. Add coolantor buffer (see Note 3) to the graduated cylinder up to the 4
28、0 mLmark, and then add to the same cylinder a representativesample of the oil (or fluid) under test until the top level of theoil reaches the 80 mL mark on the cylinder. Place the cylinderin the bath, and allow the contents to reach bath temperature.Normally this will require about 10 min.NOTE 3If i
29、nitial volumetric measurements are made at roomtemperature, expansion occurring at the elevated test temperature willhave to be considered. For example, there will be a total volumetricexpansion of about 2 mL to 3 mL at 82 C. Corrections to each volumereading at 82 C, therefore, should be made so th
30、at the total of the volumereadings made for oils (or fluid), water, and emulsion does not exceed80 mL. An alternative procedure, which would avoid the corrections, is tomake the initial volumetric measurements at the test temperature.10.2 Clamp the cylinder in place directly under the stirringpaddle
31、. Lower the paddle into the cylinder until the stopengages at the required depth. Start the stirrer and a stop watchsimultaneously, and adjust the stirrer, as required, to a speed of1500 r min 6 15 r min. At the end of 5 min, stop the stirrerand raise the stirring assembly until it is just clear of
32、thegraduate. Wipe the paddle with a policeman (see Note 4),allowing the liquid thus removed to drop back into the cylinder.Remove the cylinder from the retaining clamps and transfer itcarefully to another section of the bath. At 5 min intervals, liftthe cylinder out of the bath, inspect, and record
33、the volumes ofthe way oil layer, coolant or buffer layer, and cuff layer.NOTE 4The policeman should be made of material resistant to the oilor fluid.11. Report11.1 Record the time (at 5 min intervals) until either (a) theproduct passes the coolant separability requirements it is beingtested against
34、or (b) the test limit for coolant separability isexceeded (usually 3 mL cuff or less for 30 min at 54 C and60 min at 82 C). The maximum volume to be reported as theoil layer is 43 mL (see Note 5). For uniformity, report the testresults in the manner shown in the following examples:NOTE 5Certain way
35、oils may produce a hazy oil layer. In situations inwhich the measurement of the oil layer and coolant or buffer layerindicates essentially complete separation, the upper layer should bereported as oil. If there are two layers and if the upper layer is more than43 mL, this layer should be considered
36、the cuff.11.1.1 40-40-0 (20)Complete separation occurred in20 min. More than 3 mL of cuff had remained at 15 min.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Socie
37、ty, see Annual Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.D6553 00 (2016)211.1.2 39-38-3 (20)Complete separation had not occurred,but the cuff reduced to 3 mL, so
38、 the test was ended.11.1.3 39-35-6 (60)More than 3 mL of cuff remained after60 min39 mL of oil, 35 mL of water, and 6 mL of cuff.11.1.4 41-37-2 (20)Complete separation had not occurred,but the cuff layer reduced to 3 mL or less after 20 min.11.1.5 43-37-0 (30)The cuff layer reduced to 3 mL or lessaf
39、ter 30 min. The cuff layer at 25 min exceeded 3 mL, forexample, 0-36-44 or 43-33-4.11.2 The appearance of each layer may optionally bedescribed in the following terms:11.2.1 Way Oil Layer:11.2.1.1 Clear.11.2.1.2 Hazy.NOTE 6A hazy layer is defined as being translucent.11.2.1.3 Cloudy (or milky).NOTE
40、7A cloudy layer is defined as being opaque.11.2.1.4 Combinations of 11.2.1.1 11.2.1.3.11.2.2 Coolant or Buffer Layer:11.2.2.1 Clear.11.2.2.2 Lacy or bubbles present, or both.11.2.2.3 Hazy (see Note 6).11.2.2.4 Cloudy (or milky) (see Note 7).11.2.2.5 Combinations of 11.2.2.1 11.2.2.4.11.3 Report the
41、test temperature if other than 54 C and theidentification of the coolant or buffer if other than pH 9.0buffer.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is asillustrated by the round robin results shown in Table 1.12.2 BiasThe procedure in this test method for measuringwat
42、er separability has no bias because the value for coolantseparability is defined only in terms of this test method.13. Keywords13.1 coolant separability; cuff; emulsification; semisyn-thetic coolants; soluble oil coolants; synthetic coolants; waylubricantsASTM International takes no position respect
43、ing the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This stan
44、dard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Internatio
45、nal Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
46、This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fa
47、x), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Coolant Compatibility Round Robin ResultsWaylube # Aq.
48、Phase Minutes to 3 mL Emulsion RemainingCooperator: 113344556688Date: Nov 26 Sep 17 Sep 30 Oct 10 Aug 209707221 DEI water 13 12 15 15 15 15 10 15 10 109707221 buffer 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+mLafter1h 494656566060565850479707222 DEI water 17 17 20 15 20 20 15 20 20 159707222 buffer 60+ 60+
49、 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+mLafter1h 474659595955585450509707223 DEI water 17 18 15 15 20 25 15 15 25 259707223 buffer 60+ 60+ 25 20 60+ 60+ 20 20 25 25mLafter1h1 6009111119707224 DEI water 20 23 15 20 30 30 15 10 30 309707224 buffer 21 21 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 15 15 15 30mL after 1 h 1 1 16 9 18 18 2 2 0 3D6553 00 (2016)3
