1、Designation: D6566 14D6566 17Standard Test Method forMeasuring Mass per Unit Area of Turf Reinforcement Mats1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6566; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers an index to the determination of mass per unit area of all turf reinforcement mats.1.2 The values
3、 stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety
4、 and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled Erosion Control Prod
5、ucts(RECPs) for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ISO/DIS Document:9864-1990 Mass per Unit Area of Geotextiles33. Ter
6、minology3.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D123.3.2 For definitions of terms relating to geotextiles used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4439.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The mass per unit area of a turf reinforcement mat is determined by
7、weighing test specimens of known dimensions, cut fromequally spaced distances over the full width of the laboratory sample. The calculated values are then averaged to obtain the meanmass per unit area of the laboratory sample.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used to determine if the tu
8、rf reinforcement mat meets specifications for mass per unit area. This testmethod can be used for quality control to determine specimen conformance. This measurement allows for a simple control of thedelivered material by a comparison of the mass per unit area of the delivered material and the speci
9、fied mass per unit area.5.2 The procedure in this test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, but caution is advised sinceinformation about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests in accordance with 5.2.1 are advisable.5.2.1 In case of a dispute aris
10、ing from differences in reported test results when using the procedures in this test method foracceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the manufacturer should conduct comparative tests to determineif there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical
11、assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.05 on Geosynthetic ErosionControl.Current edition approved May 1, 2014Jan. 1, 2017. Published June 2014Janu
12、ary 2017. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20122014 asD6566 12.D6566 14. DOI: 10.1520/D6566-14.10.1520/D6566-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolu
13、me information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM
14、standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by
15、 ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and which are from alot of materia
16、l of the type in question. The test specimen should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratoryfor testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate studentsStudents t-testt-testand an acceptable probability level chosen by the two part
17、ies before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must befound and corrected or the purchaser and the manufacturer must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.6. Apparatus6.1 Balance, calibrated, with an accuracy of 0.01 g.7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleDivide th
18、e test specimens into lots, and for the lot to be tested, take the lot sampleIn the absence of otherguidelines, divide the product into lots and take lot samples in accordance with Practice D4354.7.2 Laboratory SampleConsider the units in the lot sample as the units in the laboratory sample. For the
19、 laboratory sample,take a full width swatch full-width sample of sufficient length alongin the selvage machine direction so that the requirementsrequired size and number of 7.3 can be met.specimens can be obtained. Exclude the inner and outer layers or wraps of the roll orany material containing fol
20、ds, crushed areas, or other distortions not representative of the sampled lot.7.2.1 The laboratory sample should be free from imperfections or other areas not representative of the material sampled.7.3 Remove test specimens from the laboratory sample so that each specimen will contain different mach
21、ine and cross-machineelements with no specimen taken nearer than 100 mm 4 in. from the roll sides or ends, unless otherwise specified.7.4 The number of test specimens shall be a minimum of five, cut Cut specimens such that they are representative of the entireroll width and with a combined total min
22、imum area of 230 000 mm2 (356 356 in.2). Each test specimen shall be equal in area(not less than 23 000 mm2 (35.635.6 in.2).). Cut each test specimen with an accuracy of 60.5 % of its area.NOTE 1For test specimens prepared in the field, larger than minimum-sized test specimens will be required to st
23、ay within the cutting accuracy (0.5 %).Field experience has shown that a test specimen with an area not less than 207 000 mm2 (320.4 in.2) will be necessary to achieve the required accuracy.7.4.1 Cut the test specimens at least one tenth the width of the turf reinforcement mat from any selvage, unle
24、ss otherwisespecified.7.4.2 If the structure of the turf reinforcement mat is such that the specified test specimen size is not representative of thelaboratory sample, a larger size shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.7.5 Number of SpecimensUnless otherwise agreed upon, as wh
25、en provided in an applicable material specification, take thenumber of test specimens per laboratory sample as follows:7.5.1 Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is a reliable estimate of v based upon extensive part records for similar materialstested in the users laboratory as directed in this test met
26、hod, calculate the required number of specimens as follows so that theuser may expect at the 95 % probability level that the test result is not more than 5.0 % of the average above or below the averageof the sample:n 5t v A!2 (1)where:n = number of test specimens (rounded upward to a whole number),v
27、 = coefficient of variation of individual observations on similar materials in the users laboratory under conditions of singleoperation precision, %,t = value of Students t for one-sided limits, a 95 % probability level, and the degrees of freedom associated with the estimateof v (see Table 1), andA
28、 = 5.0 % of the average, the value of the allowable variation.7.5.2 No Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is no reliable estimate of v for the users laboratory, measurements shall be madeon a minimum of five (5) specimens per laboratory sample.8. Conditioning8.1 Bring the specimens to moisture equilib
29、rium in the atmosphere for testing turf reinforcement mats, that is a temperature of21 6 2C2 C (70 6 4F)4 F) and relative humidity of 60 6 10 %.8.2 Moisture equilibrium is considered to have been reached when the increase in mass of the specimen in successivemeasurements made at intervals of not les
30、s than 2 h,h does not exceed 60.1 % of the mass of the specimen. In general, many turfreinforcement mats contain more moisture when received than they will after reaching moisture equilibrium. However, certainfibers may exhibit slow moisture equilibrium rates from the “as received” “as-received” wet
31、 side. When this is known, apreconditioning cycle, a described in Practice D1776, may be agreed upon between contractual parties.D6566 1729. Procedure9.1 Test the conditioned test specimens in the standard atmosphere for testing turf reinforcement mats as prescribed in 8.1.9.2 Care should be taken i
32、n handling of the test specimens to avoid altering the natural finished state of the material.9.3 Weigh each of the conditioned specimens separately on a calibrated balance to the nearest 0.01 g.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the mass per unit area of each of the specimens as follows:m 5Ms31000000/A
33、(2)where:m = mass per unit area rounded to the nearest 0.1 g/m2,Ms = mass of the specimen, g, andA = area of the specimen, mm2.10.2 Repeat this procedure for each test specimen.10.3 Calculate the average and standard deviation of the mass per unit area results for the test specimens.11. Report11.1 R
34、eport the following information on mass per unit area of turf reinforcement mats:11.1.1 Type of turf reinforcement mat tested, sampling method used, the test specimen size, shape, and the number of testspecimens tested,11.1.2 The average mass per unit area and standard deviation to three significant
35、 figures, and11.1.3 A statement of any departures from the suggested testing procedures so that the results can be evaluated and used.12. Precision and Bias412.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is based on an interlaboratory study of D6566 Test Method for MeasuringMass per Unit Area of Tu
36、rf Reinforcement Mats, conducted in 2013. Eight laboratories participated in this study. Each of the labsreported three replicate test results for two different types of mats. Every “test result” reported represents an individualdetermination. Except for the ultimate use of data from only seven labo
37、ratories, Practice E691 was followed for the design andanalysis of the data; the details are given in ASTM Research Report No. RR:D35-1017.4 Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D35-1017. Contact ASTM CustomerService
38、at serviceastm.org.TABLE 1 Values of Students t for One-Sided Limits and the 95 %Probabilitydf One-Sided df One-Sided df One-Sided1 6.314 11 1.796 22 1.7172 2.920 12 1.782 24 1.7113 2.353 13 1.771 26 1.7064 2.132 14 1.761 28 1.7015 2.015 15 1.753 30 1.6976 1.943 16 1.746 40 1.6847 1.895 17 1.740 50
39、1.6768 1.860 18 1.734 60 1.6719 1.833 19 1.729 120 1.65810 1.812 20 1.725 1.645TABLE 12 Mass per Unit Area (gm/m2)Material AverageARepeatabilityStandardDeviationReproducibilityStandardDeviationRepeatabilityLimitReproducibilityLimitx Sr SR r RDouble Net TRM#1 319.631 95.778 99.262 268.178 277.934Doub
40、le Net TRM#2 388.713 54.967 54.967 153.907 153.907A The average of the laboratories calculated averages.D6566 17312.1.1 Repeatability (r)The difference between repetitive results obtained by the same operator in a given laboratory applyingthe same test method with the same apparatus under constant o
41、perating conditions on identical test material within short intervalsof time would in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the following values only in one casein 20.12.1.1.1 Repeatability can be interpreted as the maximum difference between two results, obtai
42、ned under repeatabilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causes under normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.1.2 Repeatability limits are listed in Table 12.12.1.2 Reproducibility (R)The difference between two single and independent results obtained by different o
43、perators applyingthe same test method in different laboratories using different apparatus on identical test material would, in the long run, in thenormal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the following values only in one case in 20.12.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interpreted as the ma
44、ximum difference between two results, obtained under reproducibilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causes under normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.2.2 Reproducibility limits are listed in Table 12.12.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproducibil
45、ity limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.12.1.4 Any judgment in accordance with statements 12.1.1 and 12.1.2 will have an approximate 95 % probability of beingcorrect. The precision statistics obtained in this ILS must not be treated as exact mathematical quantities which are applicable toa
46、ll circumstances and uses. The limited number of materials tested may lead to times when differences greater than predicted bythe ILS results will arise, sometimes with considerably greater or smaller frequency than the 95 % probability limit would imply.12.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was
47、no accepted reference material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod, therefore no statement on bias is being made.12.3 The precision statement was determined through statistical examination of 42 results, from seven laboratories, on twomaterials.12.4 To judge the equivalency of two
48、test results, it is recommended to choose the mat material closest in characteristics to thetest material.13. Keywords13.1 mass per unit area; turf reinforcement mat; weightASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentione
49、din this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments
