1、Designation: D 6603 07Standard Guide forLabeling of UV-Protective Textiles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6603; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes
2、es indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes labeling requirements for textileproducts intended for the protection of humans from UVA andUVB radiation.1.2 This standard is no
3、t intended to be used for the labelingof medical-device sun protective fabrics and clothing whoselabeling is specified in the U.S. Food and Drug Administra-tions Draft Guidance for the Preparation of a PremarketNotification document.1.3 The label requirements are in addition to those requiredby the
4、Care Labeling Rule and fiber content (composition)labeling acts (Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939, and TheTextile Fiber Products Identification Act).1.4 This document contains terminology to be used in thelabeling of UV-protective textiles.1.5 Labeling recommended in this guide will be based onUV
5、protection data collected by instrumental methods.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 6544 Practice for Preparation of Textiles Prior to Ultra-violet (UV) Transmission Testing2.2 AATCC Standards:183 Transmittance or Blocking of Erythemally WeightedUltra
6、violet Radiation through Fabrics32.3 Other Standards:15 U.S.C., Chapter 2, Subchapter V, The Textile FiberProducts Identification Act416 C.F.R. Part 303, Rules and Regulations Under the TextileFiber Products Identification Act415 U.S.C., Chapter 2, Subchapter III, et. seq., Wool Prod-ucts Labeling A
7、ct of 1939416 C.F.R. Part 300, Rules and Regulations Under the WoolProducts Identification Act416 C.F.R Part 423, Care Labeling of Wearing Apparel andCertain Piece Goods4AS/NZS 4399: 1996, Australian/New Zealand StandardSun Protective Clothing - Evaluation and Classification4FDA Office of Device Eva
8、luation, Draft Guidance for thePreparation of a Premarket Notification (510(K) Submis-sion for Sun Protective Clothing, August 10, 199453. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 UV-protective textile, nany textile product thatclaims to protect consumers from ultraviolet (UV) light, claimsto reduce the ris
9、k of skin injury associated with UV exposure,and/or uses a graduated rating system that quantifies theamount of UV protection afforded.3.1.1.1 DiscussionUV-protective textiles include variousarticles of wearing apparel, accessories such as hats and shoes,shade devices such as umbrellas, awnings, and
10、 baby-carriercovers, and the fabric/materials used to produce these items.3.1.1.2 DiscussionUV-protective textiles are sometimesreferred to as sun-protective textiles.3.1.2 ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), nthe ratio of theaverage effective ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) irradiance trans-mitted an
11、d calculated through air to the average effectiveultraviolet radiation (UV-R) irradiance transmitted and calcu-lated through fabric.3.1.2.1 DiscussionA UPF value is a relative ranking ofthe UV protective capabilities of a textile fabric and should notbe construed as a determination of time to sunbur
12、n.3.1.3 UV-protection categories, na means to indicate therelative amount of protection provided by UV-protective tex-tiles.3.2 For additional terminology see, Terminology D 123.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide to labeling provides a uniform system oflabeling on UV-protective textiles that info
13、rms consumersabout the amount of UV-protection provided.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.65 on UV Protective Fabrics andClothing.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originallyapprov
14、ed in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 660300.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websit
15、e.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, POBox 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.4Available from Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.5Available from Standards Australia, 1 the Crescent, Homebush NSW 2140Australia and
16、Standards New Zealand, Level 10, Standards House, 155 The Terrace,Wellington 0001, New Zealand.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 UV-protective textiles labeled according to this standardwill permit consumers to comp
17、are the amount of protectionprovided by various textiles and purchase the product that bestmeets their sun protection needs.4.3 UV-labeling is in addition to other required labeling ofgarments including Permanent Care Labels and fiber content(composition) labels.4.4 Manufacturers are encouraged to p
18、rovide information toconsumers that aids in selecting products that provide theamount of UV-protection desired.4.5 UV-protective textiles labeled according to this standardguide will be labeled with a UPF value. AATCC Test Method183 must be used to determine the mean UPF values ofunprepared specimen
19、s, of specimens prepared using PracticeD 6544 (prepared-for-testing specimens), and of specimenstaken from garments labeled “Wash once before wearing,”these specimens being taken after the garment is launderedonce according to label directions. The latter specimens arereferred to as laundered-once s
20、pecimens in this document. Alabel UPF will be calculated for the various types of specimensfollowing directions provided in this document. Usually, thevalue to be placed on the product label will be the label UPFcalculated for the prepared-for-testing specimens or the labelUPF calculated for the unp
21、repared specimens, whichever is thelower value. In the case of products to be labeled “Wash oncebefore wearing” or similar wording, the UPF value to be placedon the product label will be either the UPF calculated for theprepared-for-testing specimens or the laundered-once speci-mens, whichever value
22、 is the lower one.4.5.1 DiscussionThe UPF value to be placed on a gar-ment label needs to be the lowest protection value expectedduring consumer use over a two-year period. Usually, this UPFvalue will be that obtained for the prepared-for-testing speci-mens because they have been laundered 40 times
23、and exposedto UV-radiation to simulate conditions expected to lower theUPF during consumer use. However, for certain fabrics, knitsin particular, the fabric manufacturer must tenter (stretch) thefabric to standard width for the garment manufacturer. Thisprocess decreases the UPF of the fabric dramat
24、ically becausethe optical porosity, which has a significant influence on UPF,is increased and does not represent the lowest UPF provided tothe consumer because after the first laundering shrinkage mayrestore the lost protection by reducing the optical porosity ofthe fabric. In these cases, the value
25、 to compare to theprepared-for-testing value is logically that of laundered oncespecimens.4.6 UV-protective labeling is intended to be used on textileproducts whose design or styling provides purposeful protec-tion to covered skin.4.7 UV protective labeling should be used on any, and all,fabrics and
26、/or garments if those products make a UV protectiveclaim as determined by this Guide.5. Determination of Mean UPF of Prepared-for-TestingSpecimens5.1 The determination of Mean UPF (UPFm) of prepared-for-testing specimens is based on measurements on specimensthat have been exposed to environments tha
27、t may alter thetransmittance of ultraviolet radiation through them. Fabricspecimens shall have been prepared for UV transmittancetesting according to Practice D 6544. All specimens shall betested in the dry state. For materials that are intended to be usedwhere there is a likelihood that the garment
28、 will be worn wet,specimens may also be tested in the wet state according toAATCC 183. If the end use product/garment is expected to beworn wet the purchaser and supplier should agree uponwhether a material should or should not be tested in the wetstate.5.2 The measurement site UPF (MSUPF) is the ar
29、ithmeticaverage of the UPFs obtained when a prepared-for-testingspecimen, is rotated in spectrophotometric equipment as di-rected in AATCC 183.The MSUPFshall be calculated for thedry specimen, MSUPFdry using Eq 1. Additionally the MSUPFmay also be calculated for the wet specimen, MSUPFwet.MSUPF5UPF
30、5 UPF11 UPF21 1 UPFNN(1)where:N = the number of measurements at a site on the prepared-for-testing test specimen.5.3 The test specimen UPF (TSUPF) is the arithmetic aver-age of the measurement site UPFs. Using Eq 2 CalculateMSUPFfor the dry specimen, TSUPFdry and as needed the wetspecimen, TSUPFwet.
31、TSUPF5UPF11 UPF21 1 UPFNN(2)where:N = the number of measurement sites.5.4 The mean UPF (UPFm) is the arithmetic average of theprepared for testing test specimen UPFs. Using Eq 3 CalculateUPFmfor the dry specimen , UPFm-dry and as needed the wetspecimen, UPFm-wet.UPFm5UPF11 UPF21 1 UPFNN(3)where:N =
32、the number of prepared-for-testing test specimens.6. Determination of Mean UPF of Unprepared andLaundered-once Specimens6.1 The Mean UPF (UPFm) must be calculated using theUPF specimen values of the unprepared specimens or the UPFvalues of the laundered-once specimens. Proper samplingprocedures as s
33、tated in Practice D 6544 should have beenfollowed in selecting the yardage from which the unpreparedspecimens are taken and likewise proper sampling proceduresshould be followed in selecting the garments to be launderedand from which the laundered-once specimens are taken.6.2 The measurement site UP
34、F (MSUPF) is the arithmeticaverage of the UPFs obtained when an unprepared specimen orlaundered-once specimen, is rotated in spectrophotometricequipment as directed in AATCC 183. The formula to use isthat in 5.2 except that N = the number of measurements at asite on the unprepared or laundered-once
35、specimen.6.3 The test specimen UPF (TSUPF) is the arithmetic aver-age of the measurement site UPFs. The formula to be used isthat in 5.3.D66030726.4 The mean UPF (UPFm) is the arithmetic average of thetest specimen UPFs. The formula for calculating it is in Eq 3except that N = the number of unprepar
36、ed or laundered-oncetest specimens.7. Determination of the Standard Error in the MeanUPF7.1 The standard deviation (SD) of the mean UPF should becalculated for the dry specimen, SDdryand as needed the wetspecimen, SDwetas follows in Eq 4:SD 5(i51NUPFi meanUPF!2N 1(4)7.2 The Standard Error (E) in the
37、 mean UPF should becalculated for the dry specimen, Edryand as needed the wetspecimen, Ewetfor the 99 % confidence level using Eq 5:E 5tkaSD=N(5)wheretka= t variate (a = 0.005)k = N1SD = Standard DeviationN = number of specimensNOTE 1See Annex A1 for values for standard error equation based onthe nu
38、mber of specimens.8. Determination of UPF Value for Label8.1 The UPF value to be placed on the label is the sampleUPF minus the standard error (E) of the sample UPF, the resultof which has been rounded down to the nearest multiple of fivein all cases except when the calculated UPF is less than thelo
39、west specimen UPF for the sampling unit. Eq 6 should beused to calculate a UPF for the prepared-for-testing specimendata and for either the unprepared or the laundered-oncespecimen data in the dry state and as needed the wet state as afirst step in determining the UPFs to be compared:UPF value for l
40、abel a multiple of 5! 5 Sample UPF E (6)8.2 The lower of the two values determined in 8.1 shall beselected.8.2.1 DiscussionThe UPF value to be placed on a label isto be the lowest UPF value of the fabric. In most casespreparing the specimens according to Practice D 6544 willcause the UPF of the prep
41、ared-for-testing specimens to be lessthan that of the unprepared specimens or laundered-oncespecimens. However, in certain cases, the UPF of the prepared-for-testing specimens may be greater than that of the unpre-pared specimens or the laundered-once specimens (perhaps dueto fabric shrinkage). In t
42、his case, the UPF on the label must bethe lower of the UPFs, that of the unprepared specimens.8.3 The selected UPF must be compared to the specimenUPF values of that sample.8.3.1 When the UPF value calculated in 8.1 and selected in8.2 is less than the lowest UPF for any specimen in the sample(prepar
43、ed- for- testing sample, unprepared sample, laundered-once sample in the dry state and as needed the wet state), thenthe value of UPF to be placed on the product label is the UPFvalue of the sample which is then rounded down to the nearestmultiple of five but not greater than 50.8.3.2 When the UPF v
44、alue calculated in 8.1 and selected in8.2 is greater than the lowest UPF for any specimen in thesample (prepared-for-testing sample, unprepared sample,laundered-once sample in the dry state and as needed the wetstate), then the value of UPF to be placed on the product labelis the UPF of that specime
45、n with the lowest UPF value whichis then rounded down to the nearest multiple of five but notgreater than 50.8.3.3 DiscussionWhen variability is low, the UPF valuethat appears on the label will be the same as the mean UPF butwhen variability is high, the UPF value that appears on thelabel will diffe
46、r from the mean UPF value. Fabrics with anextremely high UPF may have a very high standard deviationthat can result in a calculated UPF value for the label that isless than any of the individual UPF measurements. The use ofthe lowest individual measurement of UPF is therefore morerepresentative of t
47、he UV-protection the fabric provides than thecalculation that includes the error.8.4 When the calculated value of UPF for the label is greaterthan 50, then the value to be placed on the label shall be givenas 50+.8.5 When the calculated value of UPF for the label is lessthan 15, the product may not
48、be labeled as sun or UV-protective.9. Determination of Protection Classification9.1 The UPF value calculated in Section 8 shall be used todetermine the protection category for the UV-protective textile.9.1.1 For the Good UV-protection category to be stated onthe label, the UPF value must lie between
49、 15 and 24.9.1.2 For the Very Good UV-protection category to be statedon the label, the UPF value must be between 25 and 39.9.1.3 For the Excellent UV-protection category to be statedon the label, the UPF value must be 40 or greater.10. Determination of Values for Percent UV-B and UV-ABlock Number to Appear on Label10.1 The percent UV-B block number that may appear on aproduct label shall be the arithmetic mean of at least twodeterminations of percent UV-B block on two test specimensdetermined according to test procedures in AATCC 183. Thetest specimens will be from
