1、Designation: D6603 10Standard Guide forLabeling of UV-Protective Textiles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6603; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses
2、 indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes labeling requirements for textileproducts intended for the protection of humans from UVA andUVB radiation.1.2 This standard is not i
3、ntended to be used for the labelingof medical-device sun protective fabrics and clothing whoselabeling is specified in the U.S. Food and Drug Administra-tions Draft Guidance for the Preparation of a PremarketNotification document.1.3 The label requirements are in addition to those requiredby the Car
4、e Labeling Rule and fiber content (composition)labeling acts (Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939, and TheTextile Fiber Products Identification Act).1.4 This document contains terminology to be used in thelabeling of UV-protective textiles.1.5 Labeling recommended in this guide will be based onUV pro
5、tection data collected by instrumental methods.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD6544 Practice for Preparation of Textiles Prior to Ultra-violet (UV) Transmission Testing2.2 AATCC Standards:183 Transmittance or Blocking of Erythemally WeightedUltraviole
6、t Radiation through Fabrics32.3 Other Standards:15 U.S.C., Chapter 2, Subchapter V, The Textile FiberProducts Identification Act416 C.F.R. Part 303, Rules and Regulations Under the TextileFiber Products Identification Act415 U.S.C., Chapter 2, Subchapter III, et. seq., Wool Prod-ucts Labeling Act of
7、 1939416 C.F.R. Part 300, Rules and Regulations Under the WoolProducts Identification Act416 C.F.R Part 423, Care Labeling of Wearing Apparel andCertain Piece Goods4AS/NZS 4399: 1996, Australian/New Zealand Standard SunProtective Clothing Evaluation and Classification4FDA Office of Device Evaluation
8、, Draft Guidance for thePreparation of a Premarket Notification (510(K) Submis-sion for Sun Protective Clothing, August 10, 199453. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms relating to UV protectiveTextiles refer to Terminology D123.3.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard: UVprotective
9、textile, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), and UVprotection categories.3.3 For definition of other terms related to textiles, refer toTerminology D123.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide to labeling provides a uniform system oflabeling on UV-protective textiles that informs consumersabout the a
10、mount of UV-protection provided.4.2 UV-protective textiles labeled according to this standardwill permit consumers to compare the amount of protectionprovided by various textiles and purchase the product that bestmeets their sun protection needs.4.3 UV-labeling is in addition to other required label
11、ing ofgarments including Permanent Care Labels and fiber content(composition) labels.4.4 Manufacturers are encouraged to provide information toconsumers that aids in selecting products that provide theamount of UV-protection desired.4.5 UV-protective textiles labeled according to this standardguide
12、will be labeled with a UPF value. AATCC Test Method183 must be used to determine the mean UPF values ofunprepared specimens, of specimens prepared using Practice1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.65 on UV Protec
13、tive Fabrics andClothing.Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approvedin 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D660307. DOI: 10.1520/D6603-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceas
14、tm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.4Available from U.S. Gover
15、nment Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.5Available from Standards Australia, 1 the Crescent, Homebush NSW 2140Australia and Standards New Zealand, Level 10, Standards House, 155 The Terrace,Wellington 00
16、01, New Zealand.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D6544 (prepared-for-testing specimens), and of specimenstaken from garments labeled, “Wash once before wearing,”these specimens being taken after the garment is laundere
17、donce according to label directions. The latter specimens arereferred to as laundered-once specimens in this document. Alabel UPF will be calculated for the various types of specimensfollowing directions provided in this document. Usually, thevalue to be placed on the product label will be the label
18、 UPFcalculated for the prepared-for-testing specimens or the labelUPF calculated for the unprepared specimens, whichever is thelower value. In the case of products to be labeled, “Wash oncebefore wearing,” or similar wording, the UPF value to beplaced on the product label will be either the UPF calc
19、ulatedfor the prepared-for-testing specimens or the laundered-oncespecimens, whichever value is the lower one.4.5.1 DiscussionThe UPF value to be placed on a gar-ment label needs to be the lowest protection value expectedduring consumer use over a two-year period. Usually, this UPFvalue will be that
20、 obtained for the prepared-for-testing speci-mens because they have been laundered 40 times and exposedto UV-radiation to simulate conditions expected to lower theUPF during consumer use. However, for certain fabrics, knitsin particular, the fabric manufacturer must tenter (stretch) thefabric to sta
21、ndard width for the garment manufacturer. Thisprocess decreases the UPF of the fabric dramatically becausethe optical porosity, which has a significant influence on UPF,is increased and does not represent the lowest UPF provided tothe consumer because after the first laundering shrinkage mayrestore
22、the lost protection by reducing the optical porosity ofthe fabric. In these cases, the value to compare to theprepared-for-testing value is logically that of laundered oncespecimens.4.6 UV-protective labeling is intended to be used on textileproducts whose design or styling provides purposeful prote
23、c-tion to covered skin.4.7 UV protective labeling should be used on any, and all,fabrics or garments, or both, if those products make a UVprotective claim as determined by this Guide.5. Determination of Mean UPF of Prepared-for-TestingSpecimens5.1 The determination of Mean UPF (UPFm) of prepared-for
24、-testing specimens is based on measurements on specimensthat have been exposed to environments that may alter thetransmittance of ultraviolet radiation through them. Fabricspecimens shall have been prepared for UV transmittancetesting according to Practice D6544. All specimens shall betested in the
25、dry state. For materials that are intended to be usedwhere there is a likelihood that the garment will be worn wet,specimens may also be tested in the wet state according toAATCC 183. If the end use product/garment is expected to beworn wet the purchaser and supplier should agree uponwhether a mater
26、ial should or should not be tested in the wetstate.5.2 The measurement site UPF (MSUPF) is the arithmeticaverage of the UPFs obtained when a prepared-for-testingspecimen, is rotated in spectrophotometric equipment as di-rected in AATCC 183.The MSUPFshall be calculated for thedry specimen, MSUPFdry u
27、sing Eq 1. Additionally the MSUPFmay also be calculated for the wet specimen, MSUPFwet.MSUPF5UPF 5 UPF11 UPF211 UPFNN(1)where:N = the number of measurements at a site on the prepared-for-testing test specimen.5.3 The test specimen UPF (TSUPF) is the arithmetic aver-age of the measurement site UPFs.
28、Using Eq 2 CalculateMSUPFfor the dry specimen, TSUPFdry and as needed the wetspecimen, TSUPFwet.TSUPF5UPF11 UPF211 UPFNN(2)where:N = the number of measurement sites.5.4 The mean UPF (UPFm) is the arithmetic average of theprepared for testing test specimen UPFs. Using Eq 3 CalculateUPFmfor the dry sp
29、ecimen , UPFm-dry and as needed the wetspecimen, UPFm-wet.UPFm5UPF11 UPF211 UPFNN(3)where:N = the number of prepared-for-testing test specimens.6. Determination of Mean UPF of Unprepared andLaundered-once Specimens6.1 The Mean UPF (UPFm) must be calculated using theUPF specimen values of the unprepa
30、red specimens or the UPFvalues of the laundered-once specimens. Proper samplingprocedures as stated in Practice D6544 should have beenfollowed in selecting the yardage from which the unpreparedspecimens are taken and likewise proper sampling proceduresshould be followed in selecting the garments to
31、be launderedand from which the laundered-once specimens are taken.6.2 The measurement site UPF (MSUPF) is the arithmeticaverage of the UPFs obtained when an unprepared specimen orlaundered-once specimen, is rotated in spectrophotometricequipment as directed in AATCC 183. The formula to use isthat in
32、 5.2 except that N = the number of measurements at asite on the unprepared or laundered-once specimen.6.3 The test specimen UPF (TSUPF) is the arithmetic aver-age of the measurement site UPFs. The formula to be used isthat in 5.3.6.4 The mean UPF (UPFm) is the arithmetic average of thetest specimen
33、UPFs. The formula for calculating it is in Eq 3except that N = the number of unprepared or laundered-oncetest specimens.7. Determination of the Standard Error in the MeanUPF7.1 The standard deviation (SD) of the mean UPF should becalculated for the dry specimen, SDdryand as needed the wetspecimen, S
34、Dwetas follows in Eq 4:SD 5(i51NUPFi meanUPF!2N 1(4)D6603 1027.2 The Standard Error (E) in the mean UPF should becalculated for the dry specimen, Edryand as needed the wetspecimen, Ewetfor the 99 % confidence level using Eq 5:E 5tkaSD=N(5)wheretka= t variate (a = 0.005)k = N1SD = Standard DeviationN
35、 = number of specimensNOTE 1See Annex A1 for values for standard error equation based onthe number of specimens.8. Determination of UPF Value for Label8.1 The UPF value to be placed on the label is the sampleUPF minus the standard error (E) of the sample UPF, the resultof which has been rounded down
36、 to the nearest multiple of fivein all cases except when the calculated UPF is less than thelowest specimen UPF for the sampling unit. Eq 6 should beused to calculate a UPF for the prepared-for-testing specimendata and for either the unprepared or the laundered-oncespecimen data in the dry state and
37、 as needed the wet state as afirst step in determining the UPFs to be compared:UPF value for label a multiple of five! 5 Sample UPF E (6)8.2 The lower of the two values determined in 8.1 shall beselected.8.2.1 DiscussionThe UPF value to be placed on a label isto be the lowest UPF value of the fabric
38、. In most casespreparing the specimens according to Practice D6544 willcause the UPF of the prepared-for-testing specimens to be lessthan that of the unprepared specimens or laundered-oncespecimens. However, in certain cases, the UPF of the prepared-for-testing specimens may be greater than that of
39、the unpre-pared specimens or the laundered-once specimens (perhaps dueto fabric shrinkage). In this case, the UPF on the label must bethe lower of the UPFs, that of the unprepared specimens.8.3 The selected UPF must be compared to the specimenUPF values of that sample.8.3.1 When the UPF value calcul
40、ated in 8.1 and selected in8.2 is less than the lowest UPF for any specimen in the sample(prepared- for- testing sample, unprepared sample, laundered-once sample in the dry state and as needed the wet state), thenthe value of UPF to be placed on the product label is the UPFvalue of the sample which
41、is then rounded down to the nearestmultiple of five but not greater than 50.8.3.2 When the UPF value calculated in 8.1 and selected in8.2 is greater than the lowest UPF for any specimen in thesample (prepared-for-testing sample, unprepared sample,laundered-once sample in the dry state and as needed
42、the wetstate), then the value of UPF to be placed on the product labelis the UPF of that specimen with the lowest UPF value whichis then rounded down to the nearest multiple of five but notgreater than 50.8.3.3 DiscussionWhen variability is low, the UPF valuethat appears on the label will be the sam
43、e as the mean UPF butwhen variability is high, the UPF value that appears on thelabel will differ from the mean UPF value. Fabrics with anextremely high UPF may have a very high standard deviationthat can result in a calculated UPF value for the label that isless than any of the individual UPF measu
44、rements. The use ofthe lowest individual measurement of UPF is therefore morerepresentative of the UV-protection the fabric provides than thecalculation that includes the error.8.4 When the calculated value of UPF for the label is greaterthan 50, then the value to be placed on the label shall be giv
45、enas 50+.8.5 When the calculated value of UPF for the label is lessthan 15, the product may not be labeled as sun or UV-protective.9. Determination of Protection Classification9.1 The UPF value calculated in Section 8 shall be used todetermine the protection category for the UV-protective textile.9.
46、1.1 For the Good UV-protection category to be stated onthe label, the UPF value must lie between 15 and 24.9.1.2 For the Very Good UV-protection category to be statedon the label, the UPF value must be between 25 and 39.9.1.3 For the Excellent UV-protection category to be statedon the label, the UPF
47、 value must be 40 or greater.10. Determination of Values for Percent UV-B and UV-ABlock Number to Appear on Label10.1 The percent UV-B block number that may appear on aproduct label shall be the arithmetic mean of at least twodeterminations of percent UV-B block on two test specimensdetermined accor
48、ding to test procedures in AATCC 183. Thetest specimens will be from prepared-for-testing fabric, fromunprepared fabric or from laundered-once garments. Thecalculation sequence including Eq 7,Eq 8, Eq 9, and Eq 10must be done using UV-transmittance data for the prepared-for-testing specimens, and us
49、ing UV-transmittance data foreither the unprepared specimens or the laundered-once speci-mens. The lower of the two values in the comparison ofcalculated label UV-B will be that placed on the product. Thevalue on the label shall be stated as a whole number no greaterthan 99 %.% UV2B block/measurement M! 5 100%TUVB! (7)where:TUVB!AVE5(280 nm315 nmTlDl(280 nm315 nmDl(8)Specimen % UV2B block M! 5M11 M21 M31 MNN(9)where:N = number of sites/measurements/determinations perspecimenMean UV2B Percent block 5S11 S21 S31 SNN(10)where:N = number of specimens10.2 The perc
