1、Designation: D6614 07 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forStretch Properties of Textile Fabrics CRE Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6614; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amountof fabric stretch and fabric growth after a specified extension
3、and held for a specified time.1.2 While this method can be used for any fabric, knitfabrics having high stretch are better measured by test methodD2594.1.3 This test method should not be used to measure thebreaking strength and elongation of woven fabrics, which iscovered in Test Methods D5034 and D
4、5035.1.4 The values listed in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text,the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The valuesstated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Co
5、mbiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith specification.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and d
6、etermine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2594 Test Method for Stretch Properties of Knitted FabricsHaving Low PowerD4849 Terminology Related
7、to Yarns and FibersD4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethodsD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Strip Method)3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13
8、.59, Fabric TestMethods, General, see Terminology D4850.3.2 For all terminology related to D13.58, Yarns and Fiber,see Terminology D4849.3.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:fabric stretch, fabric growth, stretch yarn.3.3 For definitions of all other textile terms see TerminologyD
9、123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Fabric Stretch and Fabric Growth A specified load isapplied to a fabric specimen, using a constant rate of extensiontensile tester at a prescribed rate of extension. After holding atthe specified load for a predetermined time, the length ismeasured. The load is remov
10、ed from the specimen and allowedto relax for a specified time. A small amount of force, enoughto remove any wrinkles or folds, is applied and the specimenlength measured. The amount of fabric stretch is calculatedfrom the difference in length prior to load and under load.Fabric growth is calculated
11、from the difference in length priorto loading and after relaxation.5. Significance and Use5.1 This method is used to determine the stretch and growthproperties which a garment made of the fabric may be expectedto exhibit during use.5.2 This is a new method and therefore the history of data isvery sm
12、all, however the excellent agreement of between-laboratory data suggest this method may be considered foracceptance testing of commercial shipments.5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),comparative test should be perfor
13、med to determine if there is astatistical bias between them, using competent statistical assis-tance. As a minimum, samples used for such comparative testsshould be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the samelot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results1This test method is un
14、der the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D661407(2011). DOI:10.15
15、20/D6614-07R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
16、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbersto each laboratory. Other fabrics with established test valuesmay also be used for these comparative tests. The test resultsfrom the laboratories involved should be compa
17、red using astatistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosenprior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause mustbe found and corrected, or future test results must be adjustedin consideration of the known bias.6. Apparatus6.1 Tensile Testing Machine3, of the CRE type
18、with capa-bility to maintain a constant load and measurement of thelocation of the moveable crosshead.6.2 Grips and Jaw Faces, a minimum of 50 mm (2 in.) facesto hold the full width of the specimen.7. Sampling, Selection, and Number of Specimens7.1 Primary Sampling UnitConsider rolls, bolts or piece
19、sof fabric, or cartons of fabric components of fabricated systemssuch as garments to be the primary sampling unit, as appli-cable.7.2 Laboratory Sampling UnitAs a laboratory samplingunit take from the primary sampling unit at least one full-widthpiece of fabric that is 1M (1 yd) in length along the
20、selvage(machine direction), after removing the first 1M (1 yd) length.For circular knit fabrics cut a band at least 300 mm (12 in.)wide. When applicable, use the entire fabric component of thefabricated systems.7.3 Test Specimen SelectionFrom each laboratory sam-pling unit, take test specimens with
21、the long direction parallelto the stretch direction. Consider the long direction as thedirection of test. Specimen preparation need not be carried outin the standard atmosphere for testing. Label to maintainspecimen identity.7.3.1 When the end-use fabric component of fabricatedsystems is provided, t
22、ake specimens from different areas. Thatis, if the product is a garment worn on the upper body, then takespecimens from the shoulder, shirt tail, shirt back and front,and sleeve.7.3.2 For fabric widths 125 mm (5 in.) or more, take nospecimen closer than 25 mm (1 in.) from the selvage edge.7.3.3 For
23、fabric widths less than 125 mm (5 in.), use theentire width for specimens.7.3.4 Cut specimens representing a broad distribution di-agonally across the width of the laboratory sampling unit. Takelengthwise specimens from different positions across the widthof the fabric. Take widthwise specimens from
24、 different posi-tions along the length of the fabric.7.3.5 Ensure specimens are free of folds, creases, orwrinkles. Avoid getting oil, water, grease, etc. on the specimenwhen handling.7.3.6 If the fabric has a pattern, ensure that the specimensare a representative sampling of the pattern.7.4 Specime
25、n PreparationAs test specimens from eachlaboratory sampling unit, proceed as follows:7.4.1 For woven fabrics, cut two strips 65 by 350 mm (2.5by 14 in.) with the long dimension parallel to the stretchdirection.7.4.1.1 Ravel the strips to form test specimens to 50 6 0.5mm (2 6 0.02 in.) width by taki
26、ng approximately the samenumber of yarns from each side of the specimen.7.4.2 For knitted and nonwoven fabrics, cut two testspecimens, 50 6 0.5 mm (2 6 0.02 in.) wide by 350 mm (14in.) with the long dimension parallel to the stretch direction.8. Conditioning8.1 Condition each sample as directed in P
27、ractice D1776,prior to cutting the test specimens.9. Preparation and Calibration of Test Apparatus9.1 Set-up procedures for machines from different manufac-turers may vary. Prepare and verify calibration of the tensiletester using directions supplied by the manufacturer.9.2 Set the distance between
28、the jaw faces 250 6 0.5 mm(10 6 0.02 in.).9.3 Select an appropriate extension speed. Fabrics with verylittle stretch should be extended at a slow speed and fabricswith high stretch at a faster speed. The extension speed is notcritical to the test but consideration must be given to theresponse of the
29、 test apparatus to ensure the machine stopswithout overriding the stop point and the time required toperform the test.10. Procedure10.1 Make all tests in the standard atmosphere for testingtextiles.10.2 Place one specimen in the upper jaw, making sure thelong direction of the specimen is parallel to
30、 the sides of the jawfaces.10.3 Place the other end of the specimen in the bottom jaw,applying just enough force to remove any folds or wrinkles.10.4 Start the machine and hold at 1814 6 1.0 g (4.0 6 0.02lb.) for 5 6 0.1 min. The electronically controlled machineshould record all the measurements ne
31、cessary for the finalcalculations.10.5 If the machine is not electronically controlled, stop thecrosshead at 1814 6 l.0g(46 0.02 lb.) Maintain the load byadjusting the crosshead until 5 6 0.1 min. has elapsed.Measure the distance between the jaw faces.10.6 Return the crosshead to the starting positi
32、on and holdfor 5 6 0.1 min.10.7 Move the crosshead to a position where all the slack isremoved or the load increases above the zero load line.Measure the distance between jaw faces at this point.Table 13Apparatus is commercially available.TABLE 1 Components of Variance, % Stretch, % GrowthSingle-ope
33、ratorComponentBetween-operatorComponentPercent Stretch 0.189 0.124Percent Growth 0.104 0.116D6614 07 (2015)211. Calculations11.1 Calculate the fabric stretch and the fabric growth ofeach specimen to the nearest 0.2 percent using Eq 1 and 2.Fabric stretch, percent 5 B 2 A!/A# 3100 (1)Fabric growth, p
34、ercent 5 C 2 A!/A# 3100 (2)where:A = original distance between jaw faces, (from 9.2)B = distance between jaw faces measured while the speci-mens under 1814 6 1.0g(46 0.02 lb) as directed in10.4 and 10.5, andC = distance between jaw faces measured after removal ofslack as directed in 10.7.11.2 Calcul
35、ate the average stretch and fabric growth of allspecimens tested. To the nearest 0.2 % for the laboratorysampling unit and the primary sampling unit.12. Report12.1 State that the specimens were tested as directed in TestMethod D6614. Describe the material or product sampled andthe method of sampling
36、 used.12.2 Report the following information:12.2.1 The average percentage fabric stretch and the aver-age fabric growth.13. Precision and Bias13.1 Interlaboratory Test DataAn interlaboratory test wasperformed in April 1997. Following section 8.1, 2 test speci-mens were cut from each laboratory sampl
37、e and their stretchand growth measured. The averages of percent stretch andgrowth were calculated as in section 11.2. A total of 10specimens from each of three materials were tested in twolaboratories by a single operator in each laboratory. Thisgenerated 5 averages of 2 specimens as directed in sec
38、tion11.2. Using SAS Proc Varcomp4the within-laboratory andbetween-laboratory components of variance as Standard De-viations for percent stretch and percent growth were deter-mined. These results appear in Table 1.13.2 PrecisionFor the components of variance reported inTable 1, two averages of observ
39、ed values should be consideredsignificantly different at the 95 % probability level if thedifference exceeds the critical differences listed in Table 2.Adetermination is the average of 2 specimens as specified insection 11.2.13.3 BiasThe procedure of this test method produces atest value that can be
40、 defined only in terms of a test method.There is no independent, referee method by which bias may bedetermined. This test method has no known bias.14. Keywords14.1 fabric growth; fabric stretchASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection wi
41、th any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible tech
42、nical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful considerat
43、ion at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Ha
44、rbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(ww
45、w.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ PROC VARCOMP components-of-variance procedure, available fromSAS Institute, Box 8000, Cary, North Carolina 27511.TABLE 2 Critical Difference, % Stretch, % GrowthNumber ofDeterminations Single-operatorBetween-operatorPer Average Precision Precision% Stretch 1 0.52 0.632 0.37 0.513 0.23 0.41% Growth 1 0.29 0.432 0.20 0.383 0.13 0.35D6614 07 (2015)3
