1、Designation: D 6643 01 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Method forTesting Wood-Base Panel Corner Impact Resistance1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o
2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONCorner impact resistance may be an important property for wood-base panel applications such aspallets, cargo crates
3、, concrete form boards, fruit and vegetable boxes and furniture. There is a need tohave suitable corner impact resistance in such products to ensure satisfactory enduse performance.This test method provides a technique to assess relative corner impact resistance of wood-base panels.This test method
4、uses a vertical test frame to create corner impact on a panel specimen. The testspecimen is held in a fixture that free-falls to the floor. The test specimen is examined for distance ofimpact damage and for qualitative damage.1. Scope1.1 This test method shall be used to measure the relativecorner i
5、mpact resistance and other damage that may occurduring the rough handling of wood-base panels or compositematerials. This test method is suitable for all wood-base panelssuch as plywood, oriented strand board, hardboard, particle-board and medium density fiberboard as well as other compos-ite panel
6、products.1.2 This test method covers determination and evaluation ofthe effects of panels being dropped from various heights witha predetermined amount of dead load and angle of impact tosimulate an equivalent field application.1.3 The values of all information will be stated in Englishunits and reg
7、arded as standard. The SI values are written inparentheses.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bi
8、lity of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 2395 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Wood andWood-Based MaterialsD 4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-ment of Wood and Wood-Base Materials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 actual damage
9、, ndistance of damage counted fromtip to damage line after dropping.3.1.2 damage line, nthe innermost line where crushingoccurs.3.1.3 dropping head, nthe part of the machine connectedto the quick release mechanism that holds the test specimenand added amount of dead load. The dropping head free-fall
10、s tocreate the impact between the panel specimen and the floor.3.1.4 impact tip, nthe part of the specimen that will makeinitial contact with the floor after dropping.3.1.5 peeling, nthe furthermost splintering from the dam-age line. This provides additional understanding of damagecharacteristics.3.
11、1.6 pull cord, ncord that is connected to the quickrelease mechanism that allows a quick release of the droppinghead by pulling.3.1.7 quick release mechanism, nthe equipment that al-lows for free release of the head when the pull cord isactivated.3.1.8 reference line, nline from which all measuremen
12、tsare taken. This allows samples to be cut to approximate sizeand still ensure accurate values.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Specimens are cut from the corners of the sample panel.The specimens are fastened to the lower edge of a droppinghead and clamped into position. The weight of the droppinghead
13、is controlled to simulate the weight of the real application.The dropping head is raised to specified heights and released to1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.Current edition approved Oct
14、. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 6643 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to t
15、he standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.fall to a rigid floor or other surface. The corner damage as wellas peeling is measured to indicate the corner impact resistance.Pe
16、eling beyond the damage line may also be reported.4.2 Optionally, sample can be subjected to wet-dry cycles tosimulate end-use applications.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method determines the corner impact damagethat could be used to measure the relative corner impactresistance.6. Apparatus6.
17、1 The drop test frame shall accommodate the test speci-mens as defined in Section 8.Atest frame 15-ft (4572-mm) tall,27-in. (686-mm) wide and 15-in. (381-mm) deep has beenfound suitable. The drop test frame shall be made of steel orother suitable material with two guide poles placed on eitherside to
18、 allow for smooth, low friction dropping from controlledheights. The lower half of the frame should be covered with ametal mesh to provide protection from flying debris. A doorshould be placed at the bottom of the frame to provide accessfor loading the specimens and changing the weight. A testframe
19、found suitable for this method is shown in Fig. 1.6.2 The dropping head should be large enough to attach toguide poles on either side of the test frame as well as be ableto firmly attach the test specimen and hold additional weight.The weight of the dropping head, excluding the panel specimenshall b
20、e 31.5 6 0.25 lb (14.29 6 0.11 kg).NOTE 1The weight of the dropping head may be adjusted to target adifferent weight if relevant to a specific intended application. Thistypically requires additional weight to be added to the dropping head.6.3 Metal bars should support the dropping head whilechanging
21、 specimens and the dead load to ensure no accidentsoccur during adjustments. The test specimen should beclamped to the bottom of the dropping head to make sure thecorner of the specimen will contact the floor first. A hook ismounted at the top of the dropping head to attach to the quickrelease mecha
22、nism.6.4 Attached to the quick release mechanism is a pull cordfor the operator to start the test. A hand winch with a cable isalso connected to the quick release mechanism to winch thedropping head and test specimen to the desired height.6.5 The test frame is equipped with a measuring device tocont
23、rol the drop height as measured from the lowest tip of thepanel specimen to the floor. The drop height is measured to thenearest18 in. (3 mm).6.6 The test frame shall be mounted on a concrete floor orother solid rigid surface that will provide negligible deforma-tion upon impact. The panel specimen
24、impacts directly on thefloor or other rigid surface.NOTE 2If the field condition involves impact at an angle, the impactsurface may be angled to simulate the condition.6.7 The dropping head, with panel specimen affixed, isdropped from heights of increasing 1ft (305mm) incrementsstarting at 1 ft (305
25、 mm). A new panel specimen is used foreach drop. After each drop, the performance of the specimen isreported (see Section 12). Drop height is increased up to 15 ft(4572 mm), or until the impact damage exceeds practicallimitations of the panels ability to perform for the intendedapplication.NOTE 3Tes
26、ting may begin at drop heights greater than 1 ft (305 mm)if lower drops deemed unnecessary. Similarly, incremental heights may bespaced greater than 1 ft (305 mm) as desired.7. Hazards7.1 Safety HazardsProtective measures should be taken astest panel impact may create flying debris.8. Test Specimen8
27、.1 The drop test specimens shall be cut in pentagonal shapewith 4 sides measuring an equal 12 in. (305 mm) and the sidedirectly opposite the impact tip shall measure 17 in. (432 mm).The impact tip should be cut from the corner of the panel (Fig.2) or from representative areas of the panel.8.2 Arefer
28、ence line should be drawn on each specimen (Fig.3), 15 in. (381 mm) from the impact tip. The reference line isdrawn parallel to the back edge. Two holes shall be drilledclose to the back edge to allow the sample to be clamped intoFIG. 1 Drop Test MachineD 6643 01 (2006)2the dropping head. The thickn
29、ess shall be measured at thecenter of the two edges adjacent to the impact corner to anaccuracy of 61%.9. Specimen Moisture Condition9.1 Specimens for dry testing shall be conditioned to con-stant weight and moisture content in a conditioning chamber ata relative humidity of 65 6 5 % and a temperatu
30、re of 20 6 6C(68 6 12F).NOTE 4Other moisture conditions may be used to simulate thecondition of the intended application.10. Procedure10.1 Cut and prepare specimens as indicated above.10.2 Mark the specimens and measure the distance fromimpact tip to reference line.10.3 Clamp the conditioned test sp
31、ecimen on the droppinghead.10.4 Add additional weight to simulate a particular applica-tion.10.5 Raise head and drop at desired height (see 6.7). Thedropping head can be raised to any height up to 15 ft (4572mm) for testing.10.6 Remove specimen and record the distance from theinnermost part of the d
32、amage line to reference line.10.7 Record all data such as added dead load, samplethickness, drop height and angle of impact.10.8 Record the appearance of the failure that includes thepeeling damage, actual damage, cracking, etc. Fig. 4 demon-strates some examples of corner appearance after impact.10
33、.9 Test each specimen only once.10.10 Test moisture content of a sound portion of thespecimen in accordance with Test Methods D 4442 and densityaccording to Test Method D 2395.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the actual damage; these values indicate thecorner impact resistance.Damage distance 5 Y XFIG.
34、 2 Cutting DiagramFIG. 3 Specimen and Measuring Diagram (Example)FIG. 4 Examples of Panel Corner Impact Damage Before and After TestingD 6643 01 (2006)3where:Y = distance from impact tip to reference line, 15 in. (381mm), andX = distance from innermost part of damage line to refer-ence line.12. Repo
35、rt12.1 The report shall include the test specimen moisturecontent, weight of the test specimen, impact angle, specimenthickness, total weight of the load head (including test speci-men), drop height, damage distance and the description of thefailure mode. Photographs may be helpful in illustrating t
36、hedamage.12.2 For optional cyclic testing, the report should alsoinclude wet and dry exposure conditions, and number ofcycles.13. Precision and Bias13.1 Data are not presently available to develop a precisionand bias statement.14. Keywords14.1 corner impact resistance; impact damage; wood-basepanelA
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40、e on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 6643 01 (2006)4
