1、Designation: D6643 01 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forTesting Wood-Base Panel Corner Impact Resistance1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONCorner impact resistance may be an important property for wood-base panel applications such aspallets, cargo crates, c
3、oncrete form boards, fruit and vegetable boxes and furniture. There is a need tohave suitable corner impact resistance in such products to ensure satisfactory enduse performance.This test method provides a technique to assess relative corner impact resistance of wood-base panels.This test method use
4、s a vertical test frame to create corner impact on a panel specimen. The testspecimen is held in a fixture that free-falls to the floor. The test specimen is examined for distance ofimpact damage and for qualitative damage.1. Scope1.1 This test method shall be used to measure the relativecorner impa
5、ct resistance and other damage that may occurduring the rough handling of wood-base panels or compositematerials. This test method is suitable for all wood-base panelssuch as plywood, oriented strand board, hardboard, particle-board and medium density fiberboard as well as other compos-ite panel pro
6、ducts.1.2 This test method covers determination and evaluation ofthe effects of panels being dropped from various heights witha predetermined amount of dead load and angle of impact tosimulate an equivalent field application.1.3 The values of all information will be stated in Englishunits and regard
7、ed as standard. The SI values are written inparentheses.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bilit
8、y of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Wood and Wood-Based MaterialsD4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials3. Terminology3.1 De
9、finitions:3.1.1 actual damage, ndistance of damage counted fromtip to damage line after dropping.3.1.2 damage line, nthe innermost line where crushingoccurs.3.1.3 dropping head, nthe part of the machine connectedto the quick release mechanism that holds the test specimenand added amount of dead load
10、. The dropping head free-falls tocreate the impact between the panel specimen and the floor.3.1.4 impact tip, nthe part of the specimen that will makeinitial contact with the floor after dropping.3.1.5 peeling, nthe furthermost splintering from the dam-age line. This provides additional understandin
11、g of damagecharacteristics.3.1.6 pull cord, ncord that is connected to the quickrelease mechanism that allows a quick release of the droppinghead by pulling.3.1.7 quick release mechanism, nthe equipment that al-lows for free release of the head when the pull cord isactivated.3.1.8 reference line, nl
12、ine from which all measurementsare taken. This allows samples to be cut to approximate sizeand still ensure accurate values.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Specimens are cut from the corners of the sample panel.The specimens are fastened to the lower edge of a dropping1This test method is under the jur
13、isdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6643 01 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/D6643-01R16.2For referenced A
14、STM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
15、ocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1head and clamped into position. The weight of the droppinghead is controlled to simulate the weight of the real application.The dropping head is raised to specified heights and released tofall to a rigid floor or other surface. The corner damage as wellas peeling
16、is measured to indicate the corner impact resistance.Peeling beyond the damage line may also be reported.4.2 Optionally, sample can be subjected to wet-dry cycles tosimulate end-use applications.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method determines the corner impact damagethat could be used to meas
17、ure the relative corner impactresistance.6. Apparatus6.1 The drop test frame shall accommodate the test speci-mens as defined in Section 8.Atest frame 15-ft (4572-mm) tall,27-in. (686-mm) wide and 15-in. (381-mm) deep has beenfound suitable. The drop test frame shall be made of steel orother suitabl
18、e material with two guide poles placed on eitherside to allow for smooth, low friction dropping from controlledheights. The lower half of the frame should be covered with ametal mesh to provide protection from flying debris. A doorshould be placed at the bottom of the frame to provide accessfor load
19、ing the specimens and changing the weight. A testframe found suitable for this method is shown in Fig. 1.6.2 The dropping head should be large enough to attach toguide poles on either side of the test frame as well as be ableto firmly attach the test specimen and hold additional weight.The weight of
20、 the dropping head, excluding the panel specimenshall be 31.5 6 0.25 lb (14.29 6 0.11 kg).NOTE 1The weight of the dropping head may be adjusted to target adifferent weight if relevant to a specific intended application. Thistypically requires additional weight to be added to the dropping head.6.3 Me
21、tal bars should support the dropping head whilechanging specimens and the dead load to ensure no accidentsoccur during adjustments. The test specimen should beclamped to the bottom of the dropping head to make sure thecorner of the specimen will contact the floor first. A hook ismounted at the top o
22、f the dropping head to attach to the quickrelease mechanism.6.4 Attached to the quick release mechanism is a pull cordfor the operator to start the test. A hand winch with a cable isalso connected to the quick release mechanism to winch thedropping head and test specimen to the desired height.6.5 Th
23、e test frame is equipped with a measuring device tocontrol the drop height as measured from the lowest tip of thepanel specimen to the floor. The drop height is measured to thenearest18 in. (3 mm).6.6 The test frame shall be mounted on a concrete floor orother solid rigid surface that will provide n
24、egligible deforma-tion upon impact. The panel specimen impacts directly on thefloor or other rigid surface.NOTE 2If the field condition involves impact at an angle, the impactsurface may be angled to simulate the condition.6.7 The dropping head, with panel specimen affixed, isdropped from heights of
25、 increasing 1ft (305mm) incrementsstarting at 1 ft (305 mm). A new panel specimen is used foreach drop. After each drop, the performance of the specimen isreported (see Section 12). Drop height is increased up to 15 ft(4572 mm), or until the impact damage exceeds practicallimitations of the panels a
26、bility to perform for the intendedapplication.NOTE 3Testing may begin at drop heights greater than 1 ft (305 mm)if lower drops deemed unnecessary. Similarly, incremental heights may bespaced greater than 1 ft (305 mm) as desired.7. Hazards7.1 Safety HazardsProtective measures should be taken astest
27、panel impact may create flying debris.8. Test Specimen8.1 The drop test specimens shall be cut in pentagonal shapewith 4 sides measuring an equal 12 in. (305 mm) and the sidedirectly opposite the impact tip shall measure 17 in. (432 mm).FIG. 1 Drop Test MachineD6643 01 (2016)2The impact tip should b
28、e cut from the corner of the panel (Fig.2) or from representative areas of the panel.8.2 Areference line should be drawn on each specimen (Fig.3), 15 in. (381 mm) from the impact tip. The reference line isdrawn parallel to the back edge. Two holes shall be drilledclose to the back edge to allow the
29、sample to be clamped intothe dropping head. The thickness shall be measured at thecenter of the two edges adjacent to the impact corner to anaccuracy of 61%.9. Specimen Moisture Condition9.1 Specimens for dry testing shall be conditioned to con-stant weight and moisture content in a conditioning cha
30、mber ata relative humidity of 65 6 5 % and a temperature of 20 6 6C(68 6 12F).NOTE 4Other moisture conditions may be used to simulate thecondition of the intended application.10. Procedure10.1 Cut and prepare specimens as indicated above.10.2 Mark the specimens and measure the distance fromimpact ti
31、p to reference line.10.3 Clamp the conditioned test specimen on the droppinghead.10.4 Add additional weight to simulate a particular applica-tion.10.5 Raise head and drop at desired height (see 6.7). Thedropping head can be raised to any height up to 15 ft (4572mm) for testing.10.6 Remove specimen a
32、nd record the distance from theinnermost part of the damage line to reference line.10.7 Record all data such as added dead load, samplethickness, drop height and angle of impact.10.8 Record the appearance of the failure that includes thepeeling damage, actual damage, cracking, etc. Fig. 4 demon-stra
33、tes some examples of corner appearance after impact.10.9 Test each specimen only once.10.10 Test moisture content of a sound portion of thespecimen in accordance with Test Methods D4442 and densityaccording to Test Method D2395.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the actual damage; these values indicate t
34、hecorner impact resistance.Damage distance 5 Y 2 Xwhere:Y = distance from impact tip to reference line, 15 in. (381mm), andX = distance from innermost part of damage line to refer-ence line.12. Report12.1 The report shall include the test specimen moisturecontent, weight of the test specimen, impact
35、 angle, specimenthickness, total weight of the load head (including testspecimen), drop height, damage distance and the description ofthe failure mode. Photographs may be helpful in illustrating thedamage.12.2 For optional cyclic testing, the report should alsoinclude wet and dry exposure conditions
36、, and number ofcycles.13. Precision and Bias13.1 Data are not presently available to develop a precisionand bias statement.14. Keywords14.1 corner impact resistance; impact damage; wood-basepanelFIG. 2 Cutting DiagramFIG. 3 Specimen and Measuring Diagram (Example)D6643 01 (2016)3ASTM International t
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41、phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 4 Examples of Panel Corner Impact Damage Before and After TestingD6643 01 (2016)4
