1、Designation: D6674 01 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide forProficiency Test Program for Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6674; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONProficiency testing is the use of interlaboratory test comparisons to determine the performance ofindividual laboratories for specific t
3、ests and to monitor the consistency and comparability of alaboratorys test data.Participation in proficiency testing programs provides laboratories with an objective means ofassessing and demonstrating the reliability of the data they are producing. Although there are severaltypes of proficiency tes
4、ting programs, they all share the common feature of the comparison of testresults obtained by two or more laboratories.One of the main uses of proficiency testing programs is to assess laboratories ability to performtests competently. This will involve the preparation of the test specimens, calibrat
5、ing or validating thetesting equipment, performing the tests and reporting the data.Bodies assessing the technical competence of testing laboratories normally require or expectsatisfactory participation in proficiency testing as evidence of a laboratorys ability to produce reliabletest results.1. Sc
6、ope1.1 This guide outlines the Proficiency Test Program forFabrics. Elements for planning the proficiency test program,selecting the sample fabrics to be used, the testing protocol,and the calculations for the data to be reported are included inthis practice.1.2 The planning of the proficiency test
7、program requires ageneral knowledge of testing of textile fabrics and statisticalprinciples included in the analysis of the data.1.3 This guide is designed to meet the quality systemsproficiency and competence requirements of participating labo-ratories. This program is not accredited to any interna
8、tionalstandard.1.4 The instructions in this guide follow the logic of fullscale laboratory tests as described in Practice D2904 and GuideE1301, except with this new guide placing its emphasis onproficiency testing.1.5 Procedures given in this guide are applicable to methodsbased on the measurement o
9、f discrete measurement data andgrades or scores.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile FabricsD1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles(Withdrawn 2010)3D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fab
10、rics by theTongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)D2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile TestMethod that Produces Normally Distributed Data (With-drawn 2008)3D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias forTextiles (Withdrawn 2008)3D
11、3775 Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick) Countof Woven FabricsD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Strip Method)D6545 Test Method for Flammability of Textiles Used in1This
12、guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,Specific.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published September 2013. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D667401(2009
13、)1.DOI: 10.1520/D6674-01R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of thi
14、s historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Childrens SleepwearE1301 Guide for Proficiency Testing by InterlaboratoryComparisons (Withdrawn 2012)33. Terminology3.1 The following t
15、erms are relevant to this standard:accuracy, of a test method; batch sample; bias, in statistics;calibrate; precision; precision, under conditions of between-laboratory precision; proficiency testing; program coordinator;repeatability, in statistics; reproducibility, in statistics; sample;specimen;
16、test result; testing laboratory.3.2 For definitions of textile and statistical terms used in thispractice, and discussions of their use, refer to TerminologyD123 and appropriate textbooks on statistics.4. Significance and Use4.1 Proficiency testing is a means of securing estimates ofthe variability
17、of results obtained by different laboratoriestesting homogeneous materials taken from batch samples whenfollowing procedures prescribed in a specific test method.4.1.1 For the purpose of this guide, homogeneous materialsare considered to be laboratory samples cut from the samebatch sample (roll or g
18、arment lot) and selected at random forthe participant laboratories.4.2 This proficiency test program is to be considered afull-scale interlaboratory test, in which a reasonably largenumber of laboratories participate by testing a series ofmaterials using one or more operators per laboratory and repo
19、rtthe data for analysis.4.2.1 For the purposes of this guide, Full Scale LaboratoryTest is defined in Practice D2904. This is not to be confusedwith the full scale testing terminology and definitions whichappear in other test methods, such as flammability, thatdescribe the size of the specimens bein
20、g tested.4.3 The statistical data generated by this practice provideinformation needed to exhibit participation in a formal profi-ciency test study.4.4 All data are submitted to the program coordinator atASTM Headquarters for the preparation and distribution of theproficiency testing program reports
21、. All laboratory data areconfidential with no disclosure of lab identity except for eachparticipants own laboratory. Published reports contain alllaboratory test data (coded), statistical analysis of test data,charts plotting test results versus lab code, and other informa-tion.5. Materials to be Us
22、ed in Study5.1 Mechanical Testing ProgramThree types of materialsare to be included in the study. The materials shall be describedas light, medium and heavy as defined by the breakingstrengths. The materials to be used for this study shall beselected by the Subcommittee D13.93 with assistance frompa
23、rticipant laboratories and pertinent subcommittees. An ac-credited laboratory selected by the Subcommittee D13.93 shallact as host and maintain these materials. The host laboratoryshall not be held responsible for the performance of the testmaterials at the participant laboratories.5.2 Flammability
24、Test ProgramAt least seven types offabrics are to be available for the study, not all of which will beused at the same time. The materials shall be described by fibertype, construction type (woven, knit, nonwoven), surfacecharacteristics and fabric weight as defined by the flammabilitycharacteristic
25、s. The fabrics to be used for this study shall beselected by the Subcommittee D13.93. An accredited labora-tory selected by the Subcommittee D13.93 shall act as the hostand maintain these fabrics. The host laboratory shall not beheld responsible for the performance of the materials at theparticipant
26、 laboratories.6. Distribution of Test Materials6.1 The proficiency test program is designed for the testmaterials to be distributed at a minimum two times eachcalendar yearFebruary and August. Each participating labo-ratory shall apply throughASTM Headquarters for inclusion inthe program.6.2 The mat
27、erials will be distributed by having the hostlaboratory cut fabric samples from each batch roll or garmentlot. The samples will be identified, labeled and mailed to eachparticipating laboratory. ASTM Headquarters will providedetailed instruction sheets and mailing labels to the hostlaboratory.6.3 In
28、structions for testing, recording data and return; formsand fabric samples will be mailed together as instructed.7. Selection of Test Methods7.1 For Mechanical TestingThe test methods shall beselected and monitored by the Subcommittee D13.93. Theprotocol of this guide may not include the entire scop
29、e ofmethods used for testing fabric, but will include at least onemechanical test from the fields used to define woven fabricproperties such as construction, air permeability and strength.Other methods may be added or deleted as directed by D13.93with input from ASTM staff, participating laboratorie
30、s, andpertinent Sub-Committee.7.1.1 The methods to be used for this guide are as follows:D737 Air Permeability of Textile FabricsD2261 Tearing Strength By Tongue Method (CRE Type Instrument)D3775 Fabric Count of Woven FabricD5034 Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (GrabTest)D5035 Br
31、eaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (StripTest)7.2 For Flammability TestingThe test methods shall beselected and monitored by the subcommittee D13.93. Theprotocol of this guide may not include the entire scope ofmethods used for testing fabrics, but will include at least oneflammabilit
32、y test from the fields used to define characteristicsof the end use product.NOTE 1D13.52 is preparing two additional testing protocols to beused in conjunction with the flammability tests. The criteria are beingestablished for lab personnel to identify the types of product being testedand a comprehe
33、nsive exam for the scope of testing.7.2.1 The methods to be used for this guide are as follows:D1230 Flammability of Apparel FabricsD6545 Flammability of Textiles Used in Childrens SleepwearD6674 01 (2013)28. Sampling8.1 Sampling of MaterialsThe host laboratory shall allo-cate enough material to pro
34、vide for all participating laborato-ries to perform the complete scope of testing for the program.8.2 Numbers of DeterminationsEach participating labshall prepare the test specimens and number of determinations(replicates) as directed by the proficiency testing program.9. Data Reporting9.1 All data
35、shall be reported as instructed using the formssupplied with the material package.9.2 Outlying ObservationsAll data shall be reported. Ex-ceptions to this general policy should be made only whenassignable causes for deletion of a test value are present. Incases where there is no assignable cause for
36、 a test value beingout of line, the test value shall be retained and reported.10. Report10.1 Table of Results pages provides a listing of laboratorieswith corresponding test results. Each laboratory is identified bya randomly selected code with the same laboratory codeapplying throughout the entire
37、report. To maintain confidenti-ality of test data, the identification of lab codes will not bereleased from ASTM. Therefore, program participants will beable to identify only their own test data. The laboratoryidentification code may change with subsequent reports. Eachtable page contains a heading
38、identifying the method and testfabric.10.2 Lab Average column contains the lab average asreported to ASTM by the participating laboratories.10.3 The Lab Range column represents the difference be-tween the labs lowest and highest of the raw data results.10.4 Description of Z-Score ColumnThe Z-Score c
39、olumn(comparable to the Students t statistic) reports each labsdeviation in units of standard deviations. The Z Score is thecalculated number of standard deviations a sample mean isabove or below the population mean. The criteria for the ZScores will be as follows:Z 3 = unsatisfactoryZ-Scores outsid
40、e this range should occur only about one timein twenty, if a laboratory has average capability running themethod. Laboratories should strive to obtain Z Score valuesclose to zero. The Z-Score is calculated as follows:Z Score 5 lab average 2 total average!/total standard deviation10.5 Identification
41、of Outlier DataDuring the analyticalreview of the data it was observed that when including all datain the calculation of the Overall Average and Std. Deviation, insome cases, the averages and standard deviations are adverselyaffected by outlier data. Therefore, through two iterations ofcalculations,
42、 labs who had a Z-Score Value of 6 3 or greaterhave been asterisked in the table. These data, while stillincluded in the tables, have not been included in the statisticalanalysis. This step of excluding data is only performed throughtwo iterations. After the second iteration, all remaining datahave
43、been included in the resulting statistical analysis.10.6 FlagsThis column contains reference to data outsideeither three standard deviations or the upper limit of the RangeChart.A“1” indicates that the labs average exceeds 3 standarddeviations, a “2” indicates that the labs range exceeds theupper ra
44、nge limit.10.7 High-Low ChartsThese are provided for each sampleas a visual comparison of laboratory performance. The “Y”scale represents the test results and “X” scale the laboratorycodes. Each laboratorys data is plotted. The length of thewhiskers represents the high-low range of the five test res
45、ultsfor each lab. Horizontal lines are provided at the OverallAverage and Overall Average plus/minus three standard devia-tions.10.8 Range GraphThis is provided to chart individual LabRanges against the Total Range Average. The Upper ControlLimit is determined by multiplying 2.114 times the TotalRan
46、ge Average.11. Keywords11.1 calibration; proficiency testing; program coordinator;testing laboratory; Z scoreAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. A CHECK LIST FOR INVESTIGATING THE ROOT CAUSE OF UNSATISFACTORY ANALYTICAL PERFORMANCEINTRODUCTIONTo identify why a laboratorys data may have been consid
47、ered a statistical outlier and/or improvethe precision, the following action items are suggested. There may be additional ways to improve theperformance.1) Check the results for typos, calculation errorsand transcription errors.2) Reanalyze the sample: check for repeatability.3) Check the sample for
48、 homogeneity orcontamination and that a representative specimenhas been analyzed.D6674 01 (2013)34) Review the test method and ensure that thelatest version of the ASTM test method is beingused. Check the procedure step by step with theanalyst.5) Check the instrument calibration.6) Check the statist
49、ical quality control chart to seeif the problem has been developing earlier.7) Check the quality of the reagents andstandards used and whether they are expired orcontaminated.8) Check the equipment for proper operationagainst vendors operating manual.9) Call the vendor for maintenance and/or repairs.10) After the problem has been resolved, analyzea certified reference material if one is available orthe laboratory quality control sample to ascertainthat the analytical operation is under control.11) Provide training to new analysts and ifnecessary, ref
