1、Designation: D 6750 06An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forEvaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-CylinderDiesel Engine1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1NProcedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6750; the number immediately
2、following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe test me
3、thods described in this standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratorywithout outside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2provides referenceoils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (seeAnnexA15). Bythis means, the laboratory
4、 will know whether its use of the test methods gives results statisticallysimilar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratoryuses the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S.Army has such a requir
5、ement in some of its engine oil specifications.Accordingly, these test methods are written for those laboratories that use the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use these services may ignore those portions of the test methods thatrefer to the TMC.These test methods may be modified by Info
6、rmation Letters issued periodically by the TMC afterthe publication of this edition of the standard to become part of it. These letters are obtainable fromthe TMC. In addition, the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test methods, alsoobtainable from the TMC.1. Scope1.1 These test m
7、ethods cover the performance of engine oilsintended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performedin a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine byeither the 1K (0.4 % fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % fuel sulfur)procedure.3The only difference in the two test methods is thefuel used. P
8、iston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency andoil consumption are measured. Also, the piston, the rings, andthe liner are examined for distress and the rings for mobility.These test methods are required to evaluate oils intended tosatisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for 1K, andCG-4 for
9、1N of Specification D 4485.1.2 These test methods, although based on the originalCaterpillar 1K/1N procedures,3also embody TMC informationletters issued before these test methods were first published.These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until thenext revision of these test methods, TMC
10、 will update changesin these test methods by the issuance of information letterswhich shall be obtained from TMC (see Annex A15).1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; theref
11、ore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard
12、 to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements appear throughout the text. Being enginetests, these test methods do have definite hazards that shall bemet by safe practices (see Annex
13、A16 on Safety Precautions).1.5 The following is the Table of Contents:Section1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2
14、006. Published December 2006. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 675005a.2ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC), 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA15206-4489. The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method.This edition incorporates revisions containe
15、d in all information letters through No.052.3These 1K/1N test procedures were developed by Caterpillar Inc., P.O. Box 610,Mossville, IL 61552-0610.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.IntroductionScope 1Referenced document
16、s 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Methods 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Laboratory Requirements 6.1Test Engine 6.2Test Engine Accessories and Parts 6.3Reagents and Materials 7Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9Engine Inspection 9.1Engine Pre-Test Lubrication System Flu
17、sh 9.2Engine Pre-Test Measurements and Inspections 9.3Engine Assembly 9.4Pressure Testing of Fuel System Assembly 9.5Calibration of Engine Test Stand 10General Requirements and Frequency of Calibration 10.1Runs 10.2Specified Test Parameters 10.3Calibration Test Acceptance Criteria 10.4Action on Reje
18、ction of Calibration Test 10.5Test Numbering 10.6Reference Oils 10.7Severity Adjustments 10.8Engine Operating Procedure 11Engine Run-In 11.1Cool-Down Procedure 11.2Warm-Up Procedure 11.3Operating Conditions and Oil Additions 11.4Measurement of Oil Consumption 11.5Sampling Used Oil 11.6Shutdowns, Los
19、t Time and Off Tolerance Conditions 11.7Recording of Exhaust Temperature 11.8Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement 11.9Recording of Engine Conditions 11.10Humidity Requirements/Calibration/Measurement 11.11Inspections, Photographs and Measurements 12Reference to Reporting Form 12.1Pre-Test Measurements of Engi
20、ne Parts 12.2Post-Test Information 12.3Oil Inspections 12.4Report 13General Directions 13.1Electronic Transmission of Test Results (Optional) 13.2Reporting Calibration Test Results 13.3Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15ANNEXESSpecifications for Test Engine and Engine Build Annex A1Intake Air System De
21、tails Annex A2Exhaust System Details Annex A3Cooling System Details Annex A4Oil System Modifications and Instrument Locations Annex A5Other Pressure and Temperature Measurement Locations Annex A6Oil Consumption Linear Regression Method Annex A7Test Fuel Specifications Annex A8Lubrication System, Flu
22、sh Apparatus and Procedure Annex A9Engine Operating Conditions Annex A10Procedure for Rating Piston and Liner Annex A11Calculation of Percent Offset and Percent Deviation Annex A121K/1N Test Reporting Annex A13Parts List by Part Number (P/N) and Warranty Annex A14Role of Test Monitoring Center Annex
23、 A15Safety Precautions Annex A16APPENDIXESHumidity Data Appendix X1Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Appendix X2Examples of Forms for Reporting Appendix X3Optional Recording of Oil Pass Limits Appendix X42. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation
24、of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD 130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper fromPetroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petrole
25、um Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D 287 Test Method forAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Product
26、sD 524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD 613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD 664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD 1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petr
27、oleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD 1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD 1796 Test Method forWater and Sediment in Fuel Oils bythe Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)D 2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types
28、in MiddleDistillates by Mass SpectrometryD 2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD 2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD 2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by CentrifugeD3117 Test Meth
29、od for WaxAppearance Point of DistillateFuelsD 3524 Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used DieselEngine Oils by Gas ChromatographyD 4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD 4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by FourVariable EquationD 4739 Test Method for Base Number Determin
30、ation byPotentiometric TitrationD 5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-ments, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricat-ing Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at s
31、erviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.D6750062Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic EmissionSpectrometry (ICP-AES)D 5186 Test Method for Determination of the AromaticContent and PolynuclearAromatic Con
32、tent of Diesel Fuelsand Aviation Turbine Fuels By Supercritical Fluid Chro-matographyD 5302 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in aSpark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled withGasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Dut
33、y Conditions5D 5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID)5D 5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils inTwo-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA DieselEngineD 6202 Test Method for Automotive Engine Oils on theFuel Economy of Passenger Car
34、s and Light-DutyTrucks inthe Sequence VIA Spark Ignition EngineD 6594 Test Method for Evaluation of Corrosiveness ofDiesel Engine Oil at 135CE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem o
35、f Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 SAE Standard:SAE J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine ServiceClassification62.3 API Standard:API 1509 Engine Service Classification and Guide toCrankcase Oil Selection73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the indentity
36、 ofwhich is unknown by the test facility.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil that issubmitted by a source independent from the test facility.D 58443.1.2 calibration test, nan engine test conducted on areference oil under carefully prescribed conditions, the resultsof which are used to de
37、termine the suitability of the enginestand/laboratory for such tests on non-reference oils.3.1.2.1 DiscussionA calibration test also includes testsconducted on parts to ensure their suitability for use inreference and non-reference tests.3.1.3 calibrated test stand, na test stand on which thetesting
38、 of reference material(s), conducted as specified in thestandard, provided acceptable test results.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn several automotive lubricant stan-dard test methods, the TMC provides testing guidance anddetermines acceptability. Sub. B Glossary23.1.4 candidate oil, nan oil that is intended to
39、 have theperformance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specificationand is to be tested against that specification. D 58443.1.5 debris, nin internal combustion engines, solid con-taminant materials unintentionally introduced into the engineor resulting from wear. D 58623.1.6 double-blind test,
40、na standard test performed on adouble-blind reference oil.3.1.7 double-blind reference oil, na reference oil, theidentity of which is unknown by either the submitting source orthe test facility and is not known to be a reference oil by the testfacility.3.1.7.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil
41、 that issupplied by an independent source to a second party, whoapplies their own coded designation to the oil (and if necessary,repackages it to preserve its anonymity), and submits it to athird party for testing. Sub. B Glossary3.1.8 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, orboth, bet
42、ween the moving parts within an engine; removesheat, particularly from the underside of the pistons; and servesas a combustion gas sealant for the piston rings.3.1.8.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhanceproperties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation,valve train wear, oil oxida
43、tion, and foaming are examples.D 58623.1.9 erosion, nwearing away gradually, especially byrubbing or corroding.3.1.10 heavy duty engine, nin internal combustion en-gines, one that is designed to allow operation continuously ator close to its peak output. D 44853.1.11 lubricating oil, na liquid lubri
44、cant, usually com-prising several ingredients, including a major portion of baseoil and minor portions of various additives. Sub. B Glossary3.1.12 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a referenceoil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi-date oil. D 58443.1.13 purchaser, nof an
45、ASTM test, a person or organi-zation that pays for the conduct of an ASTM test method on aspecified product.3.1.13.1 DiscussionThe preferred term is purchaser. Dep-recated terms that have been used are client, requestor,sponsor, and customer. D 62023.1.14 reference oil, nan oil of known performance
46、char-acteristics, used as a basis for comparison.3.1.14.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibratetesting facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, orto evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact withoils. D 58443.1.15 soot, nin internal combustion engines, submicronsiz
47、e particles, primarily carbon, created in the combustionchamber as products of incomplete combustion. D 58623.1.16 sponsor, nof an ASTM test method, an organizationthat is responsible for ensuring supply of the apparatus used inthe test procedure portion of the test method.3.1.16.1 DiscussionIn some
48、 instances, such as a testmethod for chemical analysis, anASTM working group can bethe sponsor of a test method. In other instances, a companywith a self-interest may or may not be the developer of the test5Withdrawn.6Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers Inc., 400 CommonwealthDr., Warr
49、endale, PA 15096. Order SAE Handbook, Vol 3; the standard is notavailable separately.7Available from theAmerican Petroleum Institute, 1220 L St., NW, Washington,DC 20005.D6750063procedure used within the test method, but is the sponsor,ofthe test method D 65943.1.17 standard test, na test on a calibrated test standusing the prescribed equipment that is assembled according tothe requirements in the test method, and conducted accordingto the specified operating conditions.3.1.17.1 DiscussionThe specified operating conditions insome test methods include requi
