1、Designation: D6750 10bD6750 13Standard Test Methods forEvaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-CylinderDiesel Engine1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1NProcedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6750; the number immediately following the designat
2、ion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe test methods described in this
3、 standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratorywithout outside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2 provides referenceoils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A15).By this means, the laboratory will know whether i
4、ts use of the test methods gives results statisticallysimilar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratoryuses the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S.Army has such a requirement in some of its
5、 engine oil specifications.Accordingly, these test methods are written for those laboratories that use the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use these services may ignore those portions of the test methods thatrefer to the TMC.These test methods may be modified by Information Letters issu
6、ed periodically by the TMC afterthe publication of this edition of the standard to become part of it. These letters are obtainable fromthe TMC. In addition, the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test methods, alsoobtainable from the TMC.1. Scope Scope*1.1 These test methods cover
7、the performance of engine oils intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed ina standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by either the 1K (0.4 % mass fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % mass fuel sulfur)procedure.3 The only difference in the two test methods is the fuel used.
8、Piston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oilconsumption are measured.Also, the piston, the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the rings for mobility. These testmethods are required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for 1K, and CG-4 f
9、or 1N ofSpecification D4485.1.2 These test methods, although based on the original Caterpillar 1K/1N procedures,3 also embody TMC information lettersissued before these test methods were first published. These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until the next revisionof these test methods,
10、 TMC will update changes in these test methods by the issuance of information letters which shall be obtainedfrom TMC (see Annex A15).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 ExceptionWhere there is no direct
11、SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, orsingle source equipment specified. Also Brake Specific Fuel Consumption is measured in kilograms per kilowatthour.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
12、 use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements appear throughout the text. Being engine tests, these test methods do1 These test m
13、ethods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.02on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010May 1, 2013. Published November 2010June 2013. Originally approved in 2002. Last previo
14、us edition approved in 2010 asD6750D6750 10b.10a. DOI: 10.1520/D6750-10B.10.1520/D6750-13.2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC), 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method. This editionincorporates revisions contained in all informati
15、on letters through No. 101.121.3 These 1K/1N test procedures were developed by Caterpillar Inc., P.O. Box 610, Mossville, IL 61552-0610.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous vers
16、ion. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes sect
17、ion appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1have definite hazards that shall be met by safe practices (see Annex A16 on Safety Precautions).D6750 1321.5 The following is the Table of Contents
18、:SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Methods 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Laboratory Requirements 6.1Test Engine 6.2Test Engine Accessories and Parts 6.3Reagents and Materials 7Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9Engine Inspec
19、tion 9.1Engine Pre-Test Lubrication System Flush 9.2Engine Pre-Test Measurements and Inspections 9.3Engine Assembly 9.4Pressure Testing of Fuel System Assembly 9.5Calibration of Engine Test Stand 10General Requirements and Frequency of Calibration 10.1Runs 10.2Specified Test Parameters 10.3Calibrati
20、on Test Acceptance Criteria 10.4Action on Rejection of Calibration Test 10.5Test Numbering 10.6Reference Oils 10.7Severity Adjustments 10.8Engine Operating Procedure 11Engine Run-In 11.1Cool-Down Procedure 11.2Warm-Up Procedure 11.3Operating Conditions and Oil Additions 11.4Measurement of Oil Consum
21、ption 11.5Sampling Used Oil 11.6Shutdowns, Lost Time and Off Tolerance Conditions 11.7Recording of Exhaust Temperature 11.8Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement 11.9Recording of Engine Conditions 11.10Humidity Requirements/Calibration/Measurement 11.11Inspections, Photographs and Measurements 12Reference to Re
22、porting Form 12.1Pre-Test Measurements of Engine Parts 12.2Post-Test Information 12.3Oil Inspections 12.4Report 13General Directions 13.1Electronic Transmission of Test Results (Optional) 13.2Reporting Calibration Test Results 13.3Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15ANNEXESSpecifications for Test Engine
23、 and Engine Build Annex A1Intake Air System Details Annex A2Exhaust System Details Annex A3Cooling System Details Annex A4Oil System Modifications and Instrument Locations Annex A5Other Pressure and Temperature Measurement Locations Annex A6Oil Consumption Linear Regression Method Annex A7Test Fuel
24、Specifications Annex A8Lubrication System, Flush Apparatus and Procedure Annex A9Engine Operating Conditions Annex A10Procedure for Rating Piston and Liner Annex A11Calculation of Percent Offset and Percent Deviation Annex A121K/1N Test Reporting Annex A13Parts List by Part Number (P/N) and Warranty
25、 Annex A14Role of Test Monitoring Center Annex A15Safety Precautions Annex A16APPENDIXESHumidity Data Appendix X1Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Appendix X2Examples of Forms for Reporting Appendix X3Optional Recording of Oil Pass Limits Appendix X4D6750 1332. Referenced Documen
26、ts2.1 ASTM Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper S
27、trip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic V
28、iscosity)D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD1298 Test Method for Density, Relative
29、Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products byHydrometer MethodD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)D24
30、25 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass SpectrometryD2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distilla
31、te Fuels by CentrifugeD3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate Fuels (Withdrawn 2010)5D3524 Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn 2013)5D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD4737 Test M
32、ethod for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable EquationD4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid TitrationD5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils andDetermination of Selected Elemen
33、ts in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5186 Test Method for Determination of theAromatic Content and PolynuclearAromatic Content of Diesel Fuels andAviationTurbine Fuels By Supercritical Fluid ChromatographyD5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive
34、Engine Oils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID) (Withdrawn 2003)5D5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils inTwo-Stroke CycleTurbo-Supercharged 6V92TADiesel Engine (Withdrawn2009)5D6202 Test Method forAutomotive Engine Oils on the Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in th
35、e SequenceVIA Spark Ignition Engine (Withdrawn 2009)5D6594 Test Method for Evaluation of Corrosiveness of Diesel Engine Oil at 135 CD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determin
36、e Conformance with SpecificationsIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 SAE Standard:SAE J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classification62.3 API Standard:API 1509 Engine Service Classification and Guide to Crankcase Oil S
37、election73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the indentity of which is unknown by the test facility.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil that is submitted by a source independent from the test facility. D58444 For referencedASTM standards, visit theA
38、STM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.5 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.6 Available from
39、the Society of Automotive Engineers Inc., 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096. Order SAE Handbook, Vol 3; the standard is not availableseparately.7 Available from the American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.D6750 1343.1.2 calibration test, nan engine test conducted
40、on a reference oil under carefully prescribed conditions, the results of whichare used to determine the suitability of the engine stand/laboratory for such tests on non-reference oils.3.1.2.1 DiscussionA calibration test also includes tests conducted on parts to ensure their suitability for use in r
41、eference and non-reference tests.3.1.3 calibrated test stand, na test stand on which the testing of reference material(s), conducted as specified in the standard,provided acceptable test results.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn several automotive lubricant standard test methods, the TMC provides testing guidanc
42、e and determines acceptability. Sub. BGlossary23.1.4 candidate oil, nan oil that is intended to have the performance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specification andis to be tested against that specification. D58443.1.5 debris, nin internal combustion engines, solid contaminant materials uni
43、ntentionally introduced into the engine orresulting from wear. D58623.1.6 double-blind test, na standard test performed on a double-blind reference oil.3.1.7 double-blind reference oil, na reference oil, the identity of which is unknown by either the submitting source or the testfacility and is not
44、known to be a reference oil by the test facility.3.1.7.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil that is supplied by an independent source to a second party, who applies their own coded designationto the oil (and if necessary, repackages it to preserve its anonymity), and submits it to a third party
45、 for testing. Sub. B Glossary3.1.8 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes heat,particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.3.1.8.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to e
46、nhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oiloxidation, and foaming are examples.3.1.9 erosion, nwearing away gradually, especially by rubbing or corroding.3.1.10 heavy duty engine, nin internal combustion engine types, one that is designed to allo
47、w operation continuously at orclose to its peak output.3.1.11 lubricating oil, na liquid lubricant, usually comprising several ingredients, including a major portion of base oil andminor portions of various additives. Sub. B Glossary3.1.12 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a reference oil; such
48、 as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D58443.1.13 purchaser, nof an ASTM test, a person or organization that pays for the conduct of anASTM test method on a specifiedproduct.3.1.13.1 DiscussionThe preferred term is purchaser. Deprecated terms that have been used are client, re
49、questor,sponsor, and customer. D62023.1.14 reference oil, nan oil of known performance characteristics, used as a basis for comparison.3.1.14.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibrate testing facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, or to evaluate other materials (suchas seals) that interact with oils. D58443.1.15 soot, nin internal combustion engines, submicron size particles, primarily carbon, created in the combustion chamberas products of incomplete combustion. D5862D6750 1353.1.16 sponsor, nof an ASTM test method, an orga
