1、Designation: D6750 13D6750 14Standard Test Methods forEvaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-CylinderDiesel Engine1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1NProcedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6750; the number immediately following the designati
2、on indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe test methods described in this
3、standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratorywithout outside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2 provides referenceoils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A15).By this means, the laboratory will know whether it
4、s use of the test methods gives results statisticallysimilar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratoryuses the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S.Army has such a requirement in some of its
5、engine oil specifications.Accordingly, these test methods are written for those laboratories that use the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use these services may ignore those portions of the test methods thatrefer to the TMC.These test methods may be modified by Information Letters issue
6、d periodically by the TMC afterthe publication of this edition of the standard to become part of it. These letters are obtainable fromthe TMC. In addition, the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test methods, alsoobtainable from the TMC.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the per
7、formance of engine oils intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed ina standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by either the 1K (0.4 % mass fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % mass fuel sulfur)procedure.3 The only difference in the two test methods is the fuel used. Piston
8、and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oilconsumption are measured.Also, the piston, the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the rings for mobility. These testmethods are required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for 1K, and CG-4 for 1N o
9、fSpecification D4485.1.2 These test methods, although based on the original Caterpillar 1K/1N procedures,3 also embody TMC information lettersissued before these test methods were first published. These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until the next revisionof these test methods, TMC wi
10、ll update changes in these test methods by the issuance of information letters which shall be obtainedfrom TMC (see Annex A15).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 ExceptionWhere there is no direct SI equi
11、valent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, orsingle source equipment specified. Also Brake Specific Fuel Consumption is measured in kilograms per kilowatthour.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. I
12、t is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements appear throughout the text. Being engine tests, these test methods do1 These test methods
13、are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved May 1, 2013May 1, 2014. Published June 2013May 2014. Originally approved in 2002. Last pre
14、vious edition approved in 20102013 asD6750 10b.D6750 13. DOI: 10.1520/D6750-13.10.1520/D6750-14.2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC), 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method. This editionincorporates revisions contained in all inf
15、ormation letters through No. 121.131.3 These 1K/1N test procedures were developed by Caterpillar Inc., P.O. Box 610, Mossville, IL 61552-0610.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previou
16、s version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Change
17、s section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1have definite hazards that shall be met by safe practices (see Annex A16 on Safety Precautions).D6750 1421.5 The following is the Table of Co
18、ntents:SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Methods 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Laboratory Requirements 6.1Test Engine 6.2Test Engine Accessories and Parts 6.3Reagents and Materials 7Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9Engine
19、Inspection 9.1Engine Pre-Test Lubrication System Flush 9.2Engine Pre-Test Measurements and Inspections 9.3Engine Assembly 9.4Pressure Testing of Fuel System Assembly 9.5Calibration of Engine Test Stand 10General Requirements and Frequency of Calibration 10.1Runs 10.2Specified Test Parameters 10.3Cal
20、ibration Test Acceptance Criteria 10.4Action on Rejection of Calibration Test 10.5Test Numbering 10.6Reference Oils 10.7Severity Adjustments 10.8Engine Operating Procedure 11Engine Run-In 11.1Cool-Down Procedure 11.2Warm-Up Procedure 11.3Operating Conditions and Oil Additions 11.4Measurement of Oil
21、Consumption 11.5Sampling Used Oil 11.6Shutdowns, Lost Time and Off Tolerance Conditions 11.7Recording of Exhaust Temperature 11.8Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement 11.9Recording of Engine Conditions 11.10Humidity Requirements/Calibration/Measurement 11.11Inspections, Photographs and Measurements 12Reference
22、 to Reporting Form 12.1Pre-Test Measurements of Engine Parts 12.2Post-Test Information 12.3Oil Inspections 12.4Report 13General Directions 13.1Electronic Transmission of Test Results (Optional) 13.2Reporting Calibration Test Results 13.3Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15ANNEXESSpecifications for Test
23、Engine and Engine Build Annex A1Intake Air System Details Annex A2Exhaust System Details Annex A3Cooling System Details Annex A4Oil System Modifications and Instrument Locations Annex A5Other Pressure and Temperature Measurement Locations Annex A6Oil Consumption Linear Regression Method Annex A7Test
24、 Fuel Specifications Annex A8Lubrication System, Flush Apparatus and Procedure Annex A9Engine Operating Conditions Annex A10Procedure for Rating Piston and Liner Annex A11Calculation of Percent Offset and Percent Deviation Annex A121K/1N Test Reporting Annex A13Parts List by Part Number (P/N) and Wa
25、rranty Annex A14Role of Test Monitoring Center Annex A15Safety Precautions Annex A16APPENDIXESHumidity Data Appendix X1Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Appendix X2Examples of Forms for Reporting Appendix X3Optional Recording of Oil Pass Limits Appendix X4D6750 1432. Referenced D
26、ocuments2.1 ASTM Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Co
27、pper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dyn
28、amic Viscosity)D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD1298 Test Method for Density, Rel
29、ative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products byHydrometer MethodD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedu
30、re)D2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass SpectrometryD2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Di
31、stillate Fuels by CentrifugeD3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate Fuels (Withdrawn 2010)5D3524 Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by Gas ChromatographyD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Ca
32、lculated Cetane Index by Four Variable EquationD4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid TitrationD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (IC
33、P-AES)D5186 Test Method for Determination of theAromatic Content and PolynuclearAromatic Content of Diesel Fuels andAviationTurbine Fuels By Supercritical Fluid ChromatographyD5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID) (Withdrawn 2003)5D5862 Te
34、st Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils inTwo-Stroke CycleTurbo-Supercharged 6V92TADiesel Engine (Withdrawn2009)5D6202 Test Method forAutomotive Engine Oils on the Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in the SequenceVIA Spark Ignition Engine (Withdrawn 2009)5D6594 Test Method for Eva
35、luation of Corrosiveness of Diesel Engine Oil at 135 CD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the Inter
36、national System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 SAE Standard:SAE J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classification62.3 API Standard:API 1509 Engine Service Classification and Guide to Crankcase Oil Selection72.4 Other ASTM Document:ASTM Deposit Rating Manual 20 (Formerly CRC M
37、anual 20)83. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the indentity of which is unknown by the test facility.4 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume
38、 information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.5 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.6 Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers Inc., 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096. Order SAE Handbook, Vol 3; the s
39、tandard is not availableseparately.7 Available from the American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.8 Available from the Coordinating Research Council Inc., 219 Perimeter Center Pkwy., Atlanta, GA 30346.For Stock #TMCMNL20, visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org, or contact ASTM
40、International Customer Service at serviceastm.org.D6750 1443.1.1.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil that is submitted by a source independent from the test facility. D58443.1.2 calibration test, nan engine test conducted on a reference oil under carefully prescribed conditions, the results of
41、 whichare used to determine the suitability of the engine stand/laboratory for such tests on non-reference oils.3.1.2.1 DiscussionA calibration test also includes tests conducted on parts to ensure their suitability for use in reference and non-reference tests.3.1.3 calibrated test stand, na test st
42、and on which the testing of reference material(s), conducted as specified in the standard,provided acceptable test results.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn several automotive lubricant standard test methods, the TMC provides testing guidance and determines acceptability. Sub. BGlossary23.1.4 candidate oil, nan
43、oil that is intended to have the performance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specification andis to be tested against that specification. D58443.1.5 debris, nin internal combustion engines, solid contaminant materials unintentionally introduced into the engine orresulting from wear. D58623.1.
44、6 double-blind test, na standard test performed on a double-blind reference oil.3.1.7 double-blind reference oil, na reference oil, the identity of which is unknown by either the submitting source or the testfacility and is not known to be a reference oil by the test facility.3.1.7.1 DiscussionThis
45、is a coded reference oil that is supplied by an independent source to a second party, who applies their own coded designationto the oil (and if necessary, repackages it to preserve its anonymity), and submits it to a third party for testing. Sub. B Glossary3.1.8 engine oil, na liquid that reduces fr
46、iction or wear, or both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes heat,particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.3.1.8.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formati
47、on, valve train wear, oiloxidation, and foaming are examples.3.1.9 erosion, nwearing away gradually, especially by rubbing or corroding.3.1.10 heavy duty engine, nin internal combustion engine types, one that is designed to allow operation continuously at orclose to its peak output.3.1.11 lubricatin
48、g oil, na liquid lubricant, usually comprising several ingredients, including a major portion of base oil andminor portions of various additives. Sub. B Glossary3.1.12 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a reference oil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D58443.1.13
49、 purchaser, nof an ASTM test, a person or organization that pays for the conduct of anASTM test method on a specifiedproduct.3.1.13.1 DiscussionThe preferred term is purchaser. Deprecated terms that have been used are client, requestor,sponsor, and customer. D62023.1.14 reference oil, nan oil of known performance characteristics, used as a basis for comparison.3.1.14.1 DiscussionD6750 145Reference oils are used to calibrate testing facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, or to evaluate other materials (suchas seals) that interact wi
