1、Designation:D675111 Designation: D6751 11aStandard Specification forBiodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle DistillateFuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers biodiesel (B100) Grades S15 and S500 for use as a blend component with mid
3、dle distillate fuels.1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The specificationrequirements may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between thepurchaser and the supplier.1.
4、3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.NOTE 1The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate fuel oils with which biodiesel may beblended. For more informat
5、ion on the subject, see Guide D4865.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4.1ExceptionIn Annex A1, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesesare for inform
6、ation only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup TesterD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD445 Test Method for K
7、inematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD874 T
8、est Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and AdditivesD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate FuelsD1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Redu
9、ced PressureD1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)D2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of P
10、etroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by CentrifugeD2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel OilsD3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Dist
11、illate FuelsD3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative MicrocoulometryD3242 Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine FuelD3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup TesterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
12、 Petroleum Products1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.E0 onBurner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.Current edition approved Jan.Feb. 15, 2011. Published Febru
13、aryMarch 2011. Originally approved in 1999 as PS 12199.Adopted as a standard in 2002 as D675102. Lastprevious edition approved in 20102011 as D675110.D675111. DOI: 10.1520/D6751-11A.2For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org
14、. ForAnnual Book ofASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit ma
15、y not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at th
16、e end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ra
17、y Fluorescence SpectrometryD4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)D4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable EquationD4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel SystemsD4951 Test Method for Determination of Addit
18、ive Elements in Lubricating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma AtomicEmission Spectrometry D5452Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fue
19、l,and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD5771 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)D5772 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Linear Cooling Rate Method)D5773 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant Cooling
20、Rate Method)D6217 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration D6300Practice forDetermination ofPrecision and BiasData for Use in TestMethods for Petro-leum Products andLubricantsD6450 Test Method for Flash Point by Continuously Closed Cup (CCCFP) Tes
21、terD6469 Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel SystemsD6584 Test Method for Determination of Total Monoglycerides, Total Diglycerides, Total Triglycerides, and Free and TotalGlycerin in B-100 Biodiesel Methyl Esters by Gas ChromatographyD6890 Test Method for Determination of Ignition D
22、elay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils byCombustion in a Constant Volume ChamberD7039 Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline and Diesel Fuel by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray FluorescenceSpectrometryD7397 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Miniaturized Optica
23、l Method) Test Method for Cloud Point ofPetroleum Products (Miniaturized Optical Method)D7501 Test Method for Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel (B100) Blend Stock by Cold SoakFiltration Test (CSFT)2.2 Government Standard:40 CFR Part 79 Registration of Fuels and Fuel Additi
24、ves Section 211(b) Clean Air Act32.3 Other Documents:AOCS Standard Procedure Ck 2-09 Determination of Various Properties of Biodiesel by the QTA System Method4, 5UOP 389 Trace Metals in Oils by Wet Ashing and ICP-OES6UOP 39191 Trace Metals in Petroleum Products or Organics by AAS6EN 14110 Fat and oi
25、l derivativesFatty acid methyl esters (FAME)Determination of methanol content7EN 14112 Fat and oil derivativesFatty acid methyl esters (FAME)Determination of oxidation stability (Acceleratedoxidation test)7EN 14538 Fat and oil derivativesFatty acid methyl esters (FAME)Determination of Ca, K, Mg and
26、Na content by opticalemission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES)7EN 15751 Automotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and blends with diesel fuel - Determination of oxidationstability by accelerated oxidation method73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 biodiesel, n
27、fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,designated B100.3.1.1.1 Discussionbiodiesel, as defined above, is registered with the U.S. EPA as a fuel and a fuel additive under Section211(b) of the Clean Air Act (40 CFR Part 79). There is, h
28、owever, other usage of the term biodiesel in the marketplace. Due to itsEPA registration and the widespread commercial use of the term biodiesel in the U.S. marketplace, the term biodiesel will bemaintained for this specification.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Docu
29、ments, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.4Available from AOCS Headquarters, 2710 S. Boulder, Urbana, IL 618026996. Download Product Code: MC-CK209 from www.aocs.org.5QTA is a registered trademark of the Cognis Corporation, 5051 Estecreek Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45232-1446.6A
30、vailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA. Visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTMCustomer Service at serviceastm.org.7Available from the National CEN Members listed on the CEN website (www.cenorm.be) or from the CEN/TC19 secretariat (a
31、stmnen.nl).D6751 11a23.1.1.2 DiscussionBiodiesel is typically produced by a reaction of a vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such asmethanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield mono-alkyl esters and glycerin, which is removed. The finished biodieselderives approximately 10 % o
32、f its mass from the reacted alcohol. The alcohol used in the reaction may or may not come fromrenewable resources.3.1.2 biodiesel blend (BXX), nblend of biodiesel fuel with diesel fuel oils.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIn the abbreviation BXX, the XX represents the volume percentage of biodiesel fuel in the bl
33、end.3.1.3 biodiesel fuel, nsynonym for biodiesel.3.1.4 diesel fuel, nmiddle petroleum distillate fuel.3.1.5 free glycerin, na measure of the amount of glycerin remaining in the fuel.3.1.6 Grade S15 B100, na grade of biodiesel meetingASTM Specification D6751 and having a sulfur specification of 15 pp
34、mmaximum.3.1.7 Grade S500 B100, na grade of biodiesel meeting ASTM Specification D6751 and having a sulfur specification of 500ppm maximum.3.1.8 middle distillate fuel, nkerosines and gas oils boiling between approximately 150C and 400C at normal atmosphericpressure and having a closed-cup flash poi
35、nt above 38C.3.1.9 total glycerin, nthe sum of the free glycerin and the glycerin portion of any unreacted or partially reacted oil or fat.4. Requirements4.1 The biodiesel specified shall be mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils and animal fats.4.2 Unless otherwise
36、specified, samples for analysis shall be taken by the procedure described in Practices D4057 or D4177.4.3 The biodiesel specified shall conform to the detailed requirements shown in Table 1.NOTE 2Aconsiderable amount of experience exists in the U.S. with a 20 % blend of biodiesel, primarily produced
37、 from soybean oil, with 80 % dieselfuel (B20). Experience with biodiesel produced from animal fat and other oils is similar. Experience with B20 and lower blends in other applications isnot as prevalent. Although biodiesel (B100) can be used, blends of over 20 % biodiesel with diesel fuel (B20) shou
38、ld be evaluated on a case by case basisuntil further experience is available.NOTE 3The user should consult the equipment manufacturer or owners manual regarding the suitability of using biodiesel or biodiesel blends in aparticular engine or application.5. Test Methods5.1 The requirements enumerated
39、in this specification shall be determined in accordance with the following methods.TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for Biodiesel (B100) (All Sulfur Levels)Property Test MethodAGrade S15LimitsGrade S500LimitsUnitsCalcium and Magnesium, combined EN 14538 5 max 5 max ppm (g/g)Flash point (closed cup) D93
40、 93 min 93 min CAlcohol controlOne of the following mu st be met:One of the following shall be met:1. Methanol content EN 14110 0.2 max 0.2 max mass %2. Flash point D93 130 min 130 min CWater and sediment D2709 0.050 max 0.050 max % volumeKinematic viscosity, 40C D445 1.9-6.0B1.96.0Bmm2/sSulfated as
41、h D874 0.020 max 0.020 max % massSulfurCD5453 0.0015 max (15) 0.05 max (500) % mass (ppm)Copper strip corrosion D130 No. 3 max No. 3 maxCetane number D613 47 min 47 minCloud point D2500 ReportDReportDCCarbon residueED4530 0.050 max 0.050 max % massAcid number D664 0.50 max 0.50 max mg KOH/gCold soak
42、 filterability Annex A1 360 maxF360 maxFsecondsCold soak filterability D7501 360 maxF360 maxFsecondsFree glycerin D6584 0.020 max 0.020 max % massTotal glycerin D6584 0.240 max 0.240 max % massPhosphorus content D4951 0.001 max 0.001 max % massDistillation temperature,Atmospheric equivalent temperat
43、ure,90 % recoveredD1160 360 max 360 max CSodium and Potassium, combined EN 14538 5 max 5 max ppm (g/g)Oxidation stability EN 15751 3 minimum 3 minimum hoursAThe test methods indicated are the approved referee methods. Other acceptable methods are indicated in 5.1.BSee X1.3.1. The 6.0 mm2/s upper vis
44、cosity limit is higher than petroleum based diesel fuel and should be taken into consideration when blending.COther sulfur limits c many apply in selected areas in the United States and in other countries.DThe cloud point of biodiesel is generally higher than petroleum based diesel fuel and should b
45、e taken into consideration when blending.ECarbon residue shall be run on the 100 % sample (see 5.1.11).FB100 intended for blending into diesel fuel that is expected to give satisfactory vehicle performance at fuel temperatures at or below 12C shall comply with a coldsoak filterability limit of 200 s
46、 maximum.D6751 11a35.1.1 Flash PointTest Methods D93, except where other methods are prescribed by law. Test Methods D3828 or D6450 canalso be used. The precision and bias of Test Methods D3828 and D6450 with biodiesel is not known and is currently underinvestigation. Test Methods D93 shall be the r
47、eferee method.5.1.2 Water and SedimentTest Method D2709. Test Method D1796 may also be used. Test Method D2709 shall be the refereemethod. The precision and bias of these test methods with biodiesel is not known and is currently under investigation.5.1.3 ViscosityTest Method D445.5.1.4 Sulfated AshT
48、est Method D874.5.1.5 Oxidation StabilityTest Method EN 15751. Test Method EN 14112 may also be used. See X1.18.1 for furtherinformation. Test Method EN 15751 shall be the referee test method.5.1.6 SulfurTest Method D5453. Test Method D7039 may also be used. Other test methods may also be suitable f
49、ordetermining up to 0.05 % (500 ppm) sulfur in biodiesel fuels such as Test Methods D1266, D2622, D3120 and D4294 but mayprovide falsely high results (see X1.5) although their precision and bias with biodiesel is unknown. Test Method D5453 shall bethe referee test method.5.1.7 CorrosionTest Method D130, 3 h test at 50C.5.1.8 Cetane NumberTest Method D613. Test Method D6890 may also be used. Test Method D613 shall be the refereemethod.5.1.9 Cloud PointTest Method D2500. Test Method D5771, D5772, D5773, or D7397 may also be used.
