ASTM D6896-2017 red 8110 Standard Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Used Engine Oils at Low Temperature《测定用过的发动机油在低温下屈服应力和表观粘度的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D6896-2017 red 8110 Standard Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Used Engine Oils at Low Temperature《测定用过的发动机油在低温下屈服应力和表观粘度的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D6896-2017 red 8110 Standard Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Used Engine Oils at Low Temperature《测定用过的发动机油在低温下屈服应力和表观粘度的标准试验方法》.pdf(11页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D6896 14D6896 17Standard Test Method forDetermination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity ofUsed Engine Oils at Low Temperature1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in th
2、e case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the yield stress and viscosity of engine o
3、ils after cooling at controlled rates overa period of 43 h or 45 h to a final test temperature of 20 C or 25 C. The precision is stated for test temperatures 20 C and25 C. The viscosity measurements are made at a shear stress of 525 Pa over a shear rate of 0.4 s-1 to 15 s-1. This test methodis suita
4、ble for measurement of viscosities ranging from 4000 mPas to 400 000 mPas, and is suitable for yield stressmeasurements of 7 Pa to 350 Pa.1.2 This test method is applicable for used diesel oils. The applicability and precision to other used or unused engine oils orto petroleum products other than en
5、gine oils has not been determined.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 ExceptionThis test method uses the SI based unit of milliPascal second (mPas) for viscosity which is equivalent tocentiPoise (cP).1.4
6、This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.5 This internationa
7、l standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2
8、. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3829 Test Method for Predicting the Borderline Pumping Temperature of Engine OilD4684 Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils at Low TemperatureD5133 Test Method for Low Temperature, Low Shear Rate, Viscosity/Temp
9、erature Dependence of Lubricating Oils Using aTemperature-Scanning TechniqueE563 Practice for Preparation and Use of an Ice-Point Bath as a Reference TemperatureE644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance ThermometersE1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance ThermometersE2877 Gu
10、ide for Digital Contact Thermometers2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration LaboratoriesISO Guide 34 General Requirements for the Competence of Reference Material Producers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 apparent viscosity, nthe determined
11、viscosity obtained by use of this test method.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved July 1, 2014May 1, 2017. Published Au
12、gust 2014May 2017. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20122014 asD6896 12.D6896 14. DOI: 10.1520/D6896-14.10.1520/D6896-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Stan
13、dardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of
14、 an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as pub
15、lished by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.2 Digital Contact Thermometerdigital contact thermometer (DC
16、T), nan electronic device consisting of a digital displayand associated temperature sensing probe.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThis device consists of a temperature sensor connected to a measuring instrument; this instrument measures the temperature-dependent quantity of the sensor, computes the temperature fr
17、om the measured quantity, and provides a digital output or displayof the temperature, or both. The temperature sensing probe is in contact with the material whose temperature is being measured.This device is output. This digital output goes to a digital display and/or recording device that may be in
18、ternal or external to thedevice. These devices are sometimes referred to as a“digital digital thermometer.thermometers.”NOTE 1Portable electronic thermometers (PET) is an acronym sometimes used to refer to a subset of the devices covered by this definition.3.1.2.2 DiscussionPET is an acronym for por
19、table electronic thermometers, a subset of digital contact thermometers (DCT).3.1.3 Newtonian oil or fluid, nan oil or fluid that at a given temperature exhibits a constant viscosity at all shear rates or shearstresses.3.1.4 non-Newtonian oil or fluid, nan oil or fluid that at a given temperature ex
20、hibits a viscosity that varies with changingshear stress or shear rate.3.1.5 shear rate, nthe velocity gradient in fluid flow. For a Newtonian fluid in a concentric cylinder rotary viscometer in whichthe shear stress is measured at the inner cylinder surface (such as the apparatus described in 6.1),
21、 and ignoring any end effects,the shear rate is given as follows: 5 2!Rs2Rs22Rr2 (1)5 4pi!Rs2t Rs22Rr2! (2)where: = shear rate at the surface of the rotor in reciprocal seconds, s-1, = angular velocity, rad/s,Rs = stator radius, mm,Rr = rotor radius, mm, andt = time for one revolution of the rotor,
22、s.For the specific apparatus described in 6.1, 563/t (3)3.1.6 shear stress, nthe motivating force per unit area for fluid flow. For the rotary viscometer being described, the rotorsurface is the area under shear or the shear area.Tr 59.81 M Ro1Rt!31026 (4) 5 Tr2pi!Rr2h 3109 (5)where:Tr = torque appl
23、ied to rotor, Nm,M = applied mass, g,Ro = radius of the shaft, mm,Rt = radius of the string, mm, = shear stress at the rotor surface, Pa, andh = height of the rotor, mm.For the dimensions given in 6.1.1,Tr 531.7 M 31026 (6) 53.5 M (7)3.1.7 viscosity, nthe ratio between the applied shear stress and r
24、ate of shear, sometimes called the coefficient of dynamicviscosity. This value is thus a measure of the resistance to flow of the liquid. The SI unit of viscosity is the pascal second (Pas).3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:D6896 1723.2.1 calibration oils, nthose oils that establish
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