1、Designation: D 6973 08An American National StandardStandard Test Method forIndicating Wear Characteristics of Petroleum HydraulicFluids in a High Pressure Constant Volume Vane Pump1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6973; the number immediately following the designation indicates
2、the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a constant volume high-
3、pressure vane pump test procedure for indicating the wearcharacteristics of petroleum hydraulic fluids. SeeAnnexA1 forrecommended testing conditions for water-based syntheticfluids.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informatio
4、nonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Refere
5、nced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 4021 Hydraulic Fluid PowerParticulate Contamina-tion AnalysisExtraction of Fluid Samples from Lines ofan Operating SystemISO 4406 Hydraulic Fluid
6、PowerFluidsMethod forCoding the Level of Contamination by Solids ParticlesISO 7745 Hydraulic Fluid PowerFire-Resistant (FR)FluidsGuidelines for UseISO 11171 Hydraulic Fluid PowerCalibration of Auto-matic Particle Counters for LiquidsISO 11500 Hydraulic Fluid PowerDetermination of Par-ticulate Contam
7、ination by Automatic Counting Using theLight Extinction Principle2.3 Other Documents:SAE 100R1320 Hydraulic Hose Specification4ANSI/(NFPA) T2.13.1 R3-1998 Recommended PracticeHydraulic Fluid PowerUse of Fire-Resistant Fluids inIndustrial Systems53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to Thi
8、s Standard:3.1.1 flushing, vthe process of cleaning the test systembefore testing to prevent cross-contamination.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Hydraulic fluid in the amount of 190 6 4 L (50 6 1 gal)is circulated through a rotary vane pump system for 50 h at apump speed of 2400 6 20 r/min and a pump o
9、utlet pressure of20.7 6 0.2 MPa (3000 6 20 psig). Fluid temperature at thepump inlet is 95 6 3C (203 6 5F).An ISO Grade 32 or 10Wviscosity is required.4.2 The cam ring and all ten vanes should be individuallyweighed before and after the test. The weight loss of the camring should be reported with th
10、e combined weight loss of allten vanes. The intra-vanes (inserts) are not part of the requiredweight loss measurements and should be separately measuredif desired. Other reported values are fluid cleanliness beforeand after the test, initial flow rate, and final flow rate.4.3 Prior to installing the
11、 hydraulic test fluid into the rig, astand flush is required to remove any contaminants. A mini-mum quantity of 190 6 4 L (50 6 1 gal) of fluid (see Note 1)made of the same chemical formulation as the test fluid, isrequired for the stand flush. Therefore the total quantity of oilrequired for the tes
12、t is 380 L (100 gal).5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is an indicator of the wear character-istics of petroleum hydraulic fluids operating in a constantvolume vane pump. Excessive wear in vane pumps could leadto malfunction of hydraulic systems in critical industrial ormobile hydraulic ap
13、plications.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.N0.07 on Lubricating Properties.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008. Published March 2008. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous
14、edition approved in 2005 as D 697305.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American
15、 National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyrig
16、ht ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Apparatus6.1 The basic system consists of the following (see Fig. 1):6.1.1 Electric Motor, or other suitable drive, capable of arotational speed of 2400 rpm with 93 kW (125 hp) as suggestedm
17、inimum power requirement (see Fig. 1, Item 5).6.1.2 Test Stand Base, with appropriate, rigid mounting forthe motor, pump, reservoir, and other components.6.1.3 Rotary Intra-Vane Pump, replaceable cartridge type,6,7Vickers 35VQ25A-11*20 (Cartridge Kit P/N 4998040-002)8rated at 81 cm3/rev (4.98 in.3/r
18、ev) flow at 1200 rev/min. Aprotective shield around the pump is recommended.6.1.3.1 There are to be no modifications to the pumphousing.6.1.4 Reservoir, equipped with a baffle and lid, all ofstainless steel construction.6.1.4.1 Additional fluid ports may be added to the reservoiras required by the u
19、ser to assist in measuring fluid level,reservoir temperature, and so forth.6.1.4.2 If the reservoir is positioned so that the contentscannot be visually checked for air entrainment by removing thelid, a fluid-sight glass viewing port may be located in the sideof the reservoir.6.1.5 Pump Outlet Press
20、ure Control Valve, with eithermanual or remote control (see Fig. 1, Item 7).6.1.6 Temperature-control Device, suitable for controllingcoolant flow to the heat exchanger to maintain test fluid at thespecified temperature (see Fig. 1, Item 9).6.1.7 Temperature Indicator, (see Fig. 1, Item 2) shall hav
21、ea minimum accuracy of 61C and shall have an appropriatesensor to monitor pump inlet temperature.6.1.7.1 To prevent a flow disturbance near the pump inletport, the temperature probe shall have a diameter of not morethan 6 mm (0.25 in.) and positioned not less than 30 cm (12 in.)from the pump inlet p
22、ort.6.1.7.2 The test fluid temperature probe shall be positionedgreater than 30 cm (12 in.) from the pump inlet cover (see Fig.2). The fluid temperature probe shall be inserted into themidpoint of flow.6.1.8 Heat-Exchanger, (see Fig. 1, Item 9). The heat ex-changer should be of adequate size and des
23、ign to remove theexcess heat from the test system when utilizing the availablecoolant supply.6.1.9 Outlet Pressure Indicator, (see Fig. 1, Item 6), tomeasure pump discharge pressure, and shall have an accuracyof at least 61 bar (615 psi).6The replaceable cartridge consists of the inlet support plate
24、, outlet supportplate, flex side plates, seal pack, rotor, cam ring, intra-vane, and vanes.7The individual cartridge parts can be purchased separately, if desired. TheEaton part numbers for these items are cartridge screws: P/N 410609, alignmentpins: P/N 418108, inlet support plate: P/N 430806, outl
25、et support plate: P/N 412003,flex side plate kit: P/N 923953, seal pack: P/N 433766, rotor: P/N 262154, cam ring:P/N 4999594-001, vane kit (includes ten intra-vanes and ten vanes): 922700.8Available from any Eaton distributor.Description of Components:1 Reservoir (50 gal of oil; elevated above pump
26、centerline to provide gravity feed)2 Temperature gage or thermocouple3 Inlet pressure gage4 Pump: 35VQ25A-11*20 (Cartridge kit P/N 4998040002)5 Electric motor (125 hp)6 Outlet pressure gage7 Pressure relief valve8 Filter9 Cooler10 FlowmeterNOTESee Eaton Overhaul Manual I-3144S (Appendix B) (availabl
27、e from any Eaton distributor).FIG. 1 System SchematicD69730826.1.10 Inlet Pressure Indicator, (see Fig. 1, Item 3), tomeasure pump inlet pressure, and shall have an accuracy of atleast 67 kPa (61 psi).6.1.11 Filter Unit, (see Fig. 1, Item 8), to limit system debrisfrom causing wear to the test pump.
28、 The filter performanceshould be b3$ 100.6.1.11.1 The filter housing shall be installed with dualpressure gages (see Fig. 1, Item 13) or a differential pressuretransducer to monitor pressure across the filter to warn ofimpending collapse of the element.6.1.11.2 If dual pressure gages are used to mon
29、itor filterpressure, the rated collapse pressure of the filter element shouldbe known.6.1.12 Flow-Measuring Device, (see Fig. 1, Item 12), withan accuracy of at least 61 L/min (60.25 gpm).6.1.12.1 It is suggested that the test circuit be equipped withsome automated shutdown capabilities for safety r
30、easons.Safety relays could be any of the following: low-level, highpressure, high temperature, and low flow safety switchesincorporated into the system.NOTESee Eaton Overhaul Manual I-3144S (Appendix C) (available from any Eaton distributor).FIG. 2 Pump ComponentsD69730836.1.12.2 Acheck should be ma
31、de to ensure that the flush andtest fluid are compatible with seals or any other materials in thesystem.6.1.13 Flexible Motor Coupling, to connect the motor driveand the pump.6.1.14 Fluid Sampling Port, in accordance with ISO 4021.6.2 The various components of the test system shall beplaced in the s
32、ystem as indicated in Fig. 1.6.2.1 The test system shall be arranged and provided withnecessary drain valves so that complete draining is possiblewith no fluid trap areas.6.2.2 Good hydraulics piping practices should be used whenconstructing the test system to avoid air entrainment points andflow re
33、strictions.6.2.3 The pump should be mounted so that its internalsurfaces can easily be inspected and cleaned, alignment can bechecked, and the operator has comfortable access when torqu-ing the head.6.2.4 A pressure transducer, to measure inlet pressure, shallbe placed within 30.5 cm (12 in.) of the
34、 opening of the pumpcover.6.2.5 The inlet pressure of the pump shall be 13.8 6 7 kPa(2 6 1 psig) once the break-in procedure is complete and testconditions have been met (see 12.2).NOTE 1See Annex A1 for recommended testing conditions forwater-based synthetic fluids.6.2.6 The reservoir should be mou
35、nted so that it can becleaned and filled with ease and the contents may be readilyinspected by removal of the reservoir lid or inspection cover.6.2.7 The inlet line (from the reservoir to the pump intake)shall have an internal diameter of at least 5.08 cm (2 in.) andshall have a straight run of at l
36、east 61 cm (24 in.) to the pumpinlet port.NOTE 2Some users prefer to use a radius bend at the reservoir outletinstead of an elbow. If used, the straight run described in 6.2.7, shall stillbe measured between the end of the bend and the pump inlet port.6.2.8 The high pressure discharge line (from the
37、 pump to thepressure control valve) shall have a minimum inside diameterof 114 in. with a maximum allowable working pressure ratinggreater than 207 Bar (3000 psi). A seamless steel pipe size andschedule (2 in. double extra strong pipeXXS) or equivalenthigh-pressure hose (SAE 100R1320) are recommende
38、d forthe discharge line.6.2.9 The fluid return line and fittings (from the pressurecontrol valve to the filter, flowmeter, heat exchanger, andreservoir) should have a minimum inside diameter of 2.54 cm(1 in.). A seamless steel pipe size of (1 in. Schedule 40) isrecommended.6.2.10 A shut-off valve ma
39、y be located in the plumbingbetween the reservoir and the inlet to the pump. The full flowvalve shall have a minimum orifice diameter of 5.08 cm (2 in.)and shall be positioned no closer than 30 cm (12 in.) from thepump inlet port.NOTE 3Some users find the addition of a shut-off valve on the returnli
40、ne to be a useful addition to the piping since it allows filter changes andother system maintenance to be performed without draining the reservoir.(WarningIf a shut-off valve is installed in the fluid return line, the usershall take procedural steps to ensure that this valve has been opened beforeth
41、e pump is started. If the valve is not opened, low pressure systemcomponents may rupture.)7. Reagents and Materials7.1 (WarningUse adequate safety provisions with allsolvents.)7.2 Aliphatic Naphtha, Stoddard solvent or equivalent issatisfactory. (WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful.)7.3 Precipitation
42、Naphtha.(WarningExtremely flam-mable. Harmful if inhaled. Vapors can cause flash fire.)7.4 Isopropanol.(WarningFlammable, vapor harmful inlarge amounts, eye irritant, extremely combustible when hot.)(WarningIn instances when the solvents listed in Section 7are not effective, alternative solvents may
43、 be used. It is theresponsibility of the user to determine the suitability ofalternative solvents and any hazards associated with their use.)8. Test Stand Maintenance8.1 Temperature, pressure, flow sensors and shut-offswitches shall be checked periodically for proper calibrationand operation in acco
44、rdance with good engineering practice, asdetermined by the user.NOTE 4If an axial turbine flowmeter is used, calibrate with 0.876specific gravity, 140SUS (32cST) hydraulic oil. Perform a 10pointcalibration over a ranges of 050gpm. This calibration shall be performedby the flowmeter manufacturer or o
45、ther qualified personnel.8.2 It is recommended that the pump shaft (PN 242287),shaft seal (PN 394973), and shaft bearings (PN 38441 orequivalent)8(see Fig. 2) be replaced after every ten test runs (orsooner if high weight loss, vibration, cavitation, or visualdeterioration is encountered).8.3 Inspec
46、t the pump cover and body for evidence of gallingmarks or excessive wear and replace if distress is observed.Visually examine the interior of the pump cover and outletbody. Replace if evidence of deterioration is observed.8.4 Check the surface inside the pump outlet body, wherethe shaft seal is posi
47、tioned, for conditions that may cause theseal to leak.8.5 Check alignment of the pump and motor shafts. Maxi-mum values of 0.08 mm (0.003 in.) parallel misalignment and0.3 angular misalignment are suggested limits.8.6 Alignment checks shall be made with a torqued car-tridge in place.8.7 Using a dial
48、 indicator to check run out, inspect the shaftfor a bent condition by rotating it by hand with the motorcoupling removed.8.8 Periodically clean the four tapped holes, which receivethe pump head bolts and the threads of the head boltsthemselves. The threads may be coated with a light oil toprevent co
49、rrosion. To ensure even torquing of the cartridge,housings, or head bolts with damaged threads shall be dis-carded.8.9 Periodic disassembly of the relief valve for cleaning andinspection is recommended.9. Sampling9.1 The sample of fluid shall be thoroughly representative ofthe material in question, and the portion used for the test shallbe thoroughly representative of the sample itself.D697308410. Flushing10.1 Proper cleaning and flushing of the entire system isextremely important in order to prevent cross-contamination oftest fluids.10.2 Flushi
