1、Designation: D 7018 04Standard Terminology Relating toGlass Fiber and Its Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7018; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard is a compilation of terminology developedby Committee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and its Products.1.2 This terminology is unique to glas
3、s fibers, strands,yarns, fabrics, etc. in the glass textile industry. Terms that aregenerally understood or adequately defined in other readilyavailable sources are not included.1.3 Subcommittee D13.18 has jurisdictional responsibilityfor standards and terminology in this standard. Any change inword
4、ing requires the approval of D13.18 subcommittee. Anychanges approved by the subcommittee and main committeeare then directed to subcommittee D13.92 on Terminology forinclusion in Terminology D 123.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD 579 Specificat
5、ion for Greige Woven Glass FabricsD 580 Specification for Greige Woven Glass Tapes andWebbingsD 581 Specification for Glass Fiber Cord and SewingThreadD 3374 Specification for Vinyl-Coated Glass YarnsD 3656 Specification for Insect Screening and Louver ClothWoven from Vinyl-Coated Glass Fiber YarnD
6、4028 Specification for Solar Screening Woven fromVinyl-Coated Fiber Glass YarnD 4029 Specification for Finished Woven Glass FabricsD 4030 Specification for Glass Fiber Cord and SewingThreadD 4389 Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics Wovenfrom RovingsD 4912 Test Method for Fabric Stability of Vin
7、yl-CoatedFiber Glass YarnD 4963 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Strands andFabrics3. Terminology3.1 Alphabetical listing of terms for which SubcommitteeD13.18 has jurisdiction:atmosphere for testing textiles, nfor glass, air maintainedat a relative humidity of at least 48 % and no greater tha
8、n67 %, and at a temperature of at least 20C (68F) and nogreater than 25C (77F).DISCUSSION(as related to all D13.18 standards)Glass textiles areused in various products such as reinforced plastics, mat-like material,tire cords, electrical insulation, etc. Each of these materials requiredifferent test
9、ing atmospheres. It is the intent of this wide spread intesting atmosphere to allow testing of glass textiles in respectivelaboratories where end product test atmosphere requirements differ. Thetest atmospheres for respective products should be controlled asspecified in Specification E 171. It is th
10、e opinion of SubcommitteeD13.18 that the physical properties cited in respective specificationswould not be affected by the range selected. In any event, the testatmosphere should be stated in the report.blocking, nof coated fiber glass yarn solar screening,anundesired adhesion between touching laye
11、rs of a material.Such as occurs under moderate pressure, during storage oruse.braid, na narrow tubular or flat fabric produced by inter-twining a single set of yarns according to a definite pattern(Maypole process).carrier, nin braiding machinery, that part of a braidingmachine that holds the packag
12、e of yarn, thread, or cord, andcarries the yarn when the machine is operated.chopped strand, nin glass textiles, a strand made for shortpredetermined lengths of cut continuous filament and usedas a reinforcing material. (See also strand.)color stability, nin coated glass textiles, the ability of the
13、applied coating to resist fading from exposure to sunlightand water.continuous filament yarn, na yarn made of filaments thatextend substantially throughout the length of the yarn.cord, nof glass fiber, a strand made by combining multipleends of filament stands, including cabled yarns, primarily fors
14、tructural application.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and itsProducts.Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published April 2004.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM websit
15、e, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States
16、.crowfoot weave, na broken-twill weave one-up and three-down or three-up and one-down with two ends to the rightand two ends to the left, commonly referred to as 4-harnesssatin or broken crow.DISCUSSION(as related to Specifications D 579 and D 4029)SeeFigure A1.1 in Annex for the basic weave diagram
17、.eight-harness satin, na warp-faced or filling-faced weaveillustrating that the entire face of the fabric surface iscovered with warp or filling yarn, respectively.DISCUSSION(as related to Specifications D 579 and D 4029)There are no distinguishable diagonal lines. In warp-faced fabrics warpyarns sh
18、ow on the face of the fabric seven out of eight adjacent yarns,and in filling-faced fabrics filling yarns show on the face of the fabricseven out of eight adjacent yarns. See Figure A1.5 in Annex for thebasic weave diagram.fabric stability, nin vinyl coated glass screening and louvercloth, the prope
19、rty denoting the ability to resist movement ofyarn segments in one direction over yarn segments in theopposite direction.DISCUSSION(as related to Specification D 3656 and Test MethodD 4912)The movement of the yarns may be a result of weak bondsbetween crossing yarns as the coating is fused during ma
20、nufacture.finished, adjfor glass laminates, a descriptive term forwoven fabrics that have passed through a treating procedurewhich is compatible with a resin matrix or facilitatesmanufacturing, or both.greige goods, ntextile fabrics that have received no bleach-ing, dyeing, or finishing treatment af
21、ter being produced byany textile process.ignition loss, nin glass textiles, the amount of organicmaterial consumed by ignition.insect screening, nin coated glass yarn fabrics, a wovennetting having an approximately even-spaced mesh of 12 by12 yarns or more per 25 mm (1 in.).leno weave, na weave in w
22、hich two adjacent warp yarnscross each other between the picks.DISCUSSION(as related to Specifications D 579 and D 4029)SeeFigure A1.3 in Annex for the basic weave diagram.louver cloth, nin coated glass yarn fabrics, a woven nettinghaving an approximately even-spaced mesh of fewer than 12by 12 yarns
23、 per 25 mm (1 in.).mesh, nin coated glass yarn fabrics, the number of warpyarns or ends per linear 25 mm (1 in.) followed by thenumber of filling yarns or picks per linear 25 mm (1 in.).mock leno weave, na weave in which the warp yarns remainparallel but form open warp stripes by programmed inter-la
24、cing of warp and filling yarns simulating a leno appear-ance.DISCUSSION(as related to Specifications D 579 and D 4029)SeeFigure A1.4 in Annex for the basic weave diagram.neoprene treated, adjin glass fiber, a descriptive term forthe application of polychloroprene rubber compound toimprove the stabil
25、ity, knot holding properties, and abrasionresistance of the cord.roving, nin glass textiles, a multiplicity of filaments or yarnsgathered together into an approximately parallel arrange-ment without twist.shading coefficient, nthe ratio of the solar heat gain througha glazing system under a specific
26、 set of conditions to thesolar gain through a single light of double-strength sheetglass under the same conditions.DISCUSSION(as related to Specification D 4028)This definition isfrom the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE) Handbook of Fundamenta
27、ls.sleeving, nbraided, knitted, or woven fabric of cylindricalform having a width less than 100 mm (4 in.) (circumferenceless than 200 mm (8 in.).solar screening, nof coated fiber glass yarn solar screening,a woven fabric that imparts a shielding or protection fromlight, heat, wind, and insects with
28、out excessive alteration orimpairment of visual viewing, and that has a mesh in excessof 12 by 12 with a rib pattern in the warp direction formedby the weaving of two or more contiguous yarns with aminimum of space between such yarns followed by spaceequivalent to the width of one or more of the yar
29、ns in the rib.staple glass yarn, nyarn made from filaments that arenominally 200 to 300 mm (8 to 15 in.) in length.tape, nin textiles, a narrow fabric with a mass per unit areaof less than 0.5 kg/m2(0.1 lb/ft2) for each 25.4 mm (1 in.) ofwidth and which is used primarily for utilitarian purposes.tex
30、tured glass yarn, na yarn processed from continuousfilament yarn in such a manner to induce bulk to the yarn bydisorientation of the filaments.tubing, nbraided, knitted, or woven fabric of cylindricalform having a width of 100 mm (4 in.) or more (circumfer-ence of 200 mm (8 in.) or more).twelve-harn
31、ess satin, na weave similar to eight-harnesssatin except in warp-faced fabrics warp yarns show on theface of the fabric eleven out of twelve adjacent yarns and infilling-faced fabrics filling yarns show on the face of thefabric eleven out of twelve adjacent yarns.DISCUSSION(as related to Specificati
32、ons D 579 and D 4029)SeeFigure A1.6 in Annex for the basic weave diagram.twist balance, nin glass fiber cord and sewing thread, therelationship of primary and final twist to each other and tothe cord size such that residual torsional effects are nullified.untreated, adja descriptive term for glass f
33、iber yarns havingno applied chemicals or coatings, other than the minimallubricant or binder used to control intra-fiber abrasion.vinyl-coated glass yarn, nglass continuous filament yarn,coated with a pigment and plasticized vinyl chloride resin.webbing, nin textiles, a stout narrow fabric with a ma
34、ss perunit area of at least 0.5 kg/m2(0.1 lb/ft2) for each 25.4 mm (1in.) of width.wrap-in, nin vinyl-coated glass yarns, a method of complet-ing a package after a break by wrapping the two endstogether on the package without splicing or tying a knot.D7018042ASTM International takes no position resp
35、ecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This s
36、tandard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Interna
37、tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown bel
38、ow.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D7018043
