1、Designation: D7032 15D7032 17Standard Specification forEstablishing Performance Ratings for Wood-PlasticComposite and Plastic Lumber Deck Boards, Stair Treads,Guards, and Handrails1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7032; the number immediately following the designation indicates t
2、he year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the procedures to estab
3、lish a performance rating for wood-plastic composite (WPC) deck boards.This specification also defines the procedures to establish a performance rating for WPC guards and plastic lumber for use asexterior deck boards, stair treads, guards, and handrails. The purpose of this specification is to estab
4、lish thea basis for coderecognition of these products or systems in exterior applications where combustible construction is allowed (seeapplications. Theproducts addressed in this specification X1.1).are considered combustible.NOTE 1While WPCs maywood-plastic composites contain wood fiber, or other
5、cellulosic materials, the presence of wood fiber in the compositeorother cellulosic materials in plastic lumber is not required by this standard. Other lignocellulosic materials may be used. For WPC deck boards andguardrail systems evaluated according to this standard, specification. Due to non-wood
6、 materials in wood-plastic composites and plastic lumber thestructural, physical, fire, and fireother attributes may or may not exhibit similaritynot be similar to those of wood due to the presence, type, and quantityof plastic(s) in the composite. WPCs should not be assumed to behave similarly to w
7、ood. For example, to address the influence of plastic in the composite,special considerations in the standard address sensitivity to temperature, ultraviolet (UV) exposure, and freeze-thaw resistance.wood.1.1.1 The plastic component of wood-plastic composites and plastic lumber covered by this speci
8、fication shall consist primarilyof thermoplastics.1.2 Deck boards, stair treads, guards, and handrails covered by this specification are permitted to be of any code compliant shapeand thickness (solid or non-solid).1.3 A deck board, and a deck board used as a stair tread, are assigned a span rating
9、indicating its ability to comply with modelcode specified functions identified for its specific end use. A guard or handrail is recognized for its ability to meet minimum coderequirements specified in the appropriate model building code.1.3 Wood-plastic composites and plastic lumber are produced in
10、a broad range of fiber and/or resin formulations. It is recognizedthat the performance requirements in this specification are valid for any material or combination of materials used as deck boards,stair treads, guards, or handrails.1.4 Details of manufacturing processes are beyond the scope of this
11、specification.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety conce
12、rns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatoryrequirements prior to use.1.7 Table of Contents:SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3General Requir
13、ements 4Sampling 4.1Sample Size 4.2Conditioning 4.31 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.02 on Lumber and Engineered WoodProducts.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015March 1, 2017. Published February 2016Apri
14、l 2017. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 asD7032 14.D7032 15. DOI: 10.1520/D7032-15.10.1520/D7032-17.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous
15、version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Interna
16、tional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1SectionFlexural Tests 4.4Temperature and Moisture Effects 4.5Ultraviolet (UV) Resistance Test 4.6Freeze-Thaw Resistance Test 4.7Biodeterioration Tests 4.8Fire Performance Tests 4.9Deck Board Performance Requi
17、rements 5General 5.1Flexural Performance Tests 5.2Determination of the Unadjusted AllowableLoad5.3Creep-Recovery Test 5.4Mechanical Fastener Holding Tests 5.5Slip Resistance Test 5.6Guard and Handrail PerformanceRequirements6General 6.1Guardrail System Test Requirements 6.2One- and Two-Family Dwelli
18、ngRequirements6.2.1.1Handrail Test Requirements (ConcentratedLoad)6.3Report 7Independent Inspection 8Manufacturing Standard 9Precision and Bias 10Keywords 11Two-Span Test Method Annex A1Commentary Appendix X11.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
19、principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relating to Wo
20、od and Wood-Based ProductsD198 Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural SizesD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base
21、 Fiber and Particle Panel MaterialsD1413 Test Method for Wood Preservatives by Laboratory Soil-Block Cultures (Withdrawn 2016)3D1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel MaterialsD1761 Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in WoodD1929 Test Method for Determining Ignition Tempe
22、rature of PlasticsD1972 Practice for Generic Marking of Plastic Products (Withdrawn 2014)3D2017 Test Method of Accelerated Laboratory Test of Natural Decay Resistance of Woods (Withdrawn 2014)3D2047 Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of Polish-Coated Flooring Surfaces as Measured by the
23、James MachineD2394 Test Methods for Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Base Finish FlooringD2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Outdoor ApplicationsD2915 Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Structural Wood and Wood-Based ProductsD3345 Test Method for Laborat
24、ory Evaluation of Solid Wood for Resistance to TermitesD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic MaterialsD4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical PropertiesD4761 Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Base Structural MaterialD5764 Test Method for Evaluating Dow
25、el-Bearing Strength of Wood and Wood-Based ProductsD6109 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastic Lumber and Related ProductsD6662 Specification for Polyolefin-Based Plastic Lumber Decking BoardsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materi
26、alsE108 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof CoveringsE1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeter2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
27、r Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.D7032 172F1679 Test Method for Using a Variable Incidence Tribometer (VIT) (Withdrawn 2006)3G154 P
28、ractice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials2.2 Other References:AWPA Standard E1 Standard Method for Laboratory Evaluation for Determination of Resistance to Subterranean Termites4AWPA Standard E10 Standard Method of Testing Wood Preservati
29、ves by Laboratory Soil-Block Cultures42009 International Building Code International Code Council, Inc.52009 International Residential Code International Code Council, Inc.53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology used to describe WPCs are defined in Terminologies D9, D883, D1554, and D4092, Practic
30、eD1972, and Classification D4000.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 center-point loada flexure test where the load comes in contact with the test specimen at a location that is 12 the testspan.3.2.2 guarda building component or a system of building components located at or near
31、 the open sides of elevated walkingsurfaces that minimizes the possibility of a fall from the walking surface to a lower level.3.2.3 handraila rail intended for grasping by the hand for guidance or support.3.2.4 plastic lumbera manufactured product made primarily from plastic materials (filled or un
32、filled), typically used as abuilding material, which is usually rectangular in cross-section.3.2.5 quarter-point loadinga flexure test where the load comes in contact with the test specimen at two locations, each ofwhich is located at 14 the span from the specimen load support.3.2.5.1 DiscussionFor
33、example, quarter-point loading for a test specimen on a 24-in. (610-mm) span would have two equal loads contact the testspecimen each located 6 in. in from the test specimen load support. The distance between the two points of load would be 12 in.(305 mm).3.2.6 span ratingan index number that identi
34、fies the test span used in all structural load testing, which is the maximumcenter-to-center support spacing for the specified end use, and allowable design capacity, in pounds per square foot(lbf/ft2 (kNm2), determined in accordance with this specification.3.2.6.1 DiscussionFor example, a deck span
35、 rating of 16100 recognizes the deck board for installation perpendicular to the floor joists spaced amaximum of 16 in. (406 mm) on center, and for supporting the load combinations required by the applicable code, which in thiscase cannot exceed 100 lbf/ft2 (4.79 kN/m2).3.2.7 third-point loadinga fl
36、exure test where the load comes in contact with the test specimen at two locations, each of whichis located at 13 the span from the specimen load support.3.2.7.1 DiscussionFor example, third-point loading for a test specimen on a 24-in. (610-mm) span would have two equal loads contact the testspecim
37、en each located 8 in. in from the test specimen load support. The distance between the two points of load would also be8 in. (205 mm).3.2.8 wood-plastic composite (WPC)a composite made primarily from wood- or cellulose-based materials and plastic(s).4. General Requirements4.1 SamplingSamples for tes
38、ting shall be representative of the population being evaluated. Sampling shall be representativeof the possible variations due to changes in raw materials and process variables over time. It is essential to consider batch-to-batchand shift-to-shift variability when sampling actual production. Test s
39、pecimens shall be selected from several production runs of a4 Available from American Wood-Preservers Association (AWPA), P.O. Box 361784, Birmingham, AL 35236-1784, http:/.5 Available from International Code Council (ICC), 5203 Leesburg Pike, Suite 600, Falls Church, VA 22041-3401, http:/www.intlco
40、de.org.D7032 173given item. Products shall be sampled at the manufacturing site by an accredited third party inspection agency or testing laboratory.Exceptions to sampling at the manufacturing site, such as at a warehouse or distribution center, shall be documented in the testreport.4.2 Sample SizeS
41、election of a sample size depends upon the property to be estimated, the actual variation in the propertyoccurring in the population, and the precision with which the property is to be estimated. The principles of Practice D2915 shallbe followed. The minimum sample size shall provide estimation of m
42、ean values within 5 % in accordance with 3.4.2 of PracticeD2915.4.3 ConditioningPrior to testing, all specimens shall be conditioned to environmental conditions appropriate for the intendedend use of the product. Alternatively, test specimens shall be conditioned for a minimum of 40 h at 68F 6 4F (2
43、0C 6 2C)and 50 6 5 % RH. If data show that product properties are not affected by extreme moisture conditions, such as submersion, thematerial shall be permitted to be tested without special conditioning. When the product is to be subjected to a water soakenvironment, the test specimens shall be tes
44、ted within 30 min upon removal from the treatment.4.4 Flexural TestsFlexural strength and stiffness shall be determined in accordance with principles of Test Methods D4761or D6109. Alternatively, to assess compliance with performance requirements in its intended installed configuration, the deckboar
45、ds shall be tested according to the two-span method defined in Annex A1. The test specimen cross section shall be theminimum anticipated structural size for the intended end use. The test span shall be that for which code recognition is desired. Thespecimens shall be loaded at a constant strain rate
46、 of 1 % per minute (610 %). Average time to failure for each test configurationshall be recorded (see Commentary, X1.2). A constant strain rate of 1 % per minute is achieved by using a constant rate of testmachine crosshead motion, R, (inches/minute) computed in terms of the test span, L, and the me
47、mber depth, d, by the followingequation:R50.001853L2/d (1)For members where the depth (vertical dimension) is varying along the member length, the depth (d) shall be taken as the grossmember depth at the point of maximum moment.NOTE 2Eq 1 is based on the maximum extreme fiber strain at midspan of a
48、horizontally symmetric simple span member. For a product that issymmetric about its horizontal axis, Eq 1 yields the target strain rate at both the extreme tensile and extreme compressive faces. For a product that is notsymmetric about its horizontal axis, the Eq 1 strain rate is the average of the
49、strains at these faces. See Commentary for additional information.NOTE 3Some wood-plastic composites and plastic lumber exhibit exceptionally large deformations prior to failure in bending. Users are cautionedto take particular care in test machine set-up to accommodate large deflections, both in terms of deflection-measuring devices and support conditions.4.4.1 Flexural StrengthModulus of rupture (MOR) or moment capacity shall be reported for each specimen. Flexural strengthshall be calculated from the maximum load achieved or the
