1、Designation: D 7038 08aAn American National StandardStandard Test Method forEvaluation of Moisture Corrosion Resistance of AutomotiveGear Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、 in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a test procedure for evaluatingthe rust and corrosion in
3、hibiting properties of a gear lubricantwhile subjected to water contamination and elevated tempera-ture in a bench-mounted hypoid differential housing assembly.2This test method is commonly referred to as the L-33-1 test.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The va
4、lues given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to es
5、tablish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standard:3D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)2.2 Society of Automotive Engineers Standard
6、s:4J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual TransmissionLubricantsJ2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) MilitaryUse2.3 U.S. Military Specifications:5MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, General Multipur-poseMIL-P-3420F NOX-RUST Paper3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to Th
7、is Standard:3.1.1 corrosion, nan alteration of a finished metal surfaceby discoloration, accompanied by roughening not attributableto mechanical action.3.1.2 downtime, nan interruption of power to the test unitfor a period greater than ten seconds.3.1.3 rust, na special case of corrosion, which alwa
8、ysdeteriorates or alters the original surface condition.3.1.3.1 DiscussionRust always has color (usually, but notlimited to red, yellow, brown, black) and one of the followingdescriptive characteristics: (1) depth; the rusted surface is builtup relative to that of adjacent areas. (2) texture; the su
9、rfacemay appear to be etched, scaly or otherwise visibly differentthan adjacent areas.3.1.4 stain, na surface modification that is attributable todiscoloration only.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This procedure utilizes a Dana Corporation Model 30hypoid differential assembly, Part No. 277701X, 4:10 ra
10、tio,standard differential with uncoated ring and pinion, withoutaxle tubes.6,74.2 Test Unit PreparationPrior to each test, completelydisassemble and clean the new differential housing assembly.Discard the axle spacer block. Abrasive blast all rated parts(except bearings and cups). Disassemble all be
11、arings from theirmating parts prior to abrasive blasting. Coat all internal parts1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 200
12、8. Published November 2008. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D 703808.2Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters.This edition includes all Information
13、Letters through 0801. Information Lettersmay be obtained from the ASTM TMC, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention: Administrator. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servi
14、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.5Available from the Defense Printing Service Office, 700 Robbins Ave.
15、, Bldg.4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.6If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.7The sole source of supply
16、 of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Spicer Axle Division, Dana Corporation, P.O. Box 1209, Fort Wayne, IN 46801.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.and rated surfaces with test oil. Reassemble the unit
17、 to testspecification values. Install the unit on the motoring rig andthen connect an oil temperature monitoring probe and a driveshaft. Place a cooling fan and heat lamps into position near thetest unit.4.3 Motoring PhaseCharge the test unit with 40 oz (1.2 L)of test oil. Drive the test unit with a
18、n electric motor at2500-r/min pinion speed in an unloaded condition (no axleshafts are used for the test). Add 1 oz (30 mL) of specified testwater into the oil fill opening (all other test unit openingshaving been already sealed). Install the pressure relief systemand set to 1 psi (7 kPa). Plug the
19、relief system when thelubricant temperature reaches 180F (82.2C). Continue themotoring phase for4hatthis controlled temperature.4.4 Storage PhaseStop the motor at the completion of themotoring phase. Remove the test unit from the motoring rigand place in a storage box at 125F (52C) for 162 h.4.5 Ins
20、pectionAt the end of the storage phase, the test iscomplete. Drain the differential assembly, disassemble, andrate for rust, stain, and other deposits.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test simulates a type of severe field service inwhich corrosion-promoting moisture in the form of condensedwater vapo
21、r accumulates in the axle assembly. This mayhappen as a result of volume expansion and contraction of theaxle lubricant and the accompanied breathing in of moisture-laden air through the axle vent. The test screens lubricants fortheir ability to prevent the expected corrosion.5.2 The test method des
22、cribed in this standard may be usedby any properly equipped laboratory, without the assistance ofanyone not associated with that laboratory. However, theASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oilsand an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils bythe laboratory (see Annex A
23、7). By this means, the laboratorywill know whether their use of the test method gives resultsstatistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilizethe TMC services in seeking qualification of oils againstspecifications. For examp
24、le, the U.S. Army imposes such arequirement in connection with several Army lubricating oilspecifications.5.3 The L-33-1 test procedure is used or referred to in thefollowing documents: ASTM Publication STP-512A,8SAEJ308, SAE J2360, and U.S. Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.6. Apparatus6.1 Labor
25、atory Ambient Conditions:6.1.1 Test Operating AreaThe ambient laboratory atmo-sphere shall be free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants asrequired by good laboratory standards.6.1.2 Parts Cleaning and Abrasive Blasting (6.2.8) AreasProvide adequate ventilation in areas where solvents (7.2) areused.
26、 (WarningCombustible, vapor harmful.)6.1.3 Build-up AreaIt is recommended that the atmo-sphere in the test unit build-up area be filtered and maintainedat uniform temperature and low humidity to prevent accumu-lation of dirt or rust on test parts. Otherwise it shall conform torequirements of 6.1.1.6
27、.1.4 Parts Rating AreaConduct the rating of all test partsunder conditions as defined in CRC Manual 21.96.2 Motoring Rig, Test Unit and Laboratory Equipment:6.2.1 Test Unit ConfigurationMount the differential hous-ing assembly (Gear version 99.1 or V01.1) on the motoring rigso that the housing cover
28、 attaching face is in the vertical planeand at a height that allows the temperature sensing probe to belocated in the bottom of the housing. Elements of the motoringrig design are shown in Figs. A1.1-A1.4.6.2.2 Drive SystemThe drive system design is not pre-cisely specified; however, the following e
29、quipment or itsequivalent have been found to be suitable to turn the drivepinion at the specified 2500625 r/min. (WarningRotatingtest stand equipment presents a physical hazard, use safetyguards.)6.2.2.1 U.S. Motors, 1.5 hp (1.1 kW) electric motor, en-closed, 3600 r/min, 0.87 in. (2.22 cm) diameter
30、shaft.6,106.2.2.2 Slide Motor Base, Dyn-Adjust No. 20-C.6,106.2.2.3 Dodge Taper Lock Pulleys, No. 40L100 (Driven)and No. 28L100 (Drive).6,106.2.2.4 Dodge Timing Belt, No. 480L100.6,106.2.2.5 Additional components such as shafts, couplings,and bearing blocks are also necessary to connect the abovecom
31、ponents to drive the carrier pinion, but are left to the optionof the testing laboratory.6.2.3 Vapor Pressure Control SystemControl the internalvapor pressure of the unit during the warm-up portion of themotoring phase with a specified water column pressure reliefsystem set for 1.0 6 0.1 psi (7 6 0.
32、7 kPa) connected to thehousing cover with an appropriately sized National PipeThreads (NPT) stainless steel 90 street ell and a stainless steelfull port valve. The system shall contain an oil trap and returnvessel to return test oil to the unit in case of foaming, and awater trap and return vessel t
33、o prevent column water frommoving back to test unit. The example set up in Fig. A1.1 hasbeen shown to be acceptable.6.2.4 Housing Cover GasketReplace the factory-suppliedgasket with a single TFE fluorocarbon gasket for every test.6,116.2.5 Housing Axle Tube Opening SealsSince the differ-ential is te
34、sted without axle shafts or axle tubes, seal thehousing openings. Fig. A1.2 shows an example of constructiondimensions for fabricating a pair of seals to be installed in theaxle housing openings before introducing test oil prior tostarting the test.6.2.6 Temperature Control System, Motoring PhaseDur
35、ing the motoring phase, the bulk oil temperature is sensed8ASTM Publication STP-512A, Laboratory Performance Tests for AutomotiveGear Lubricants Intended for API GL-5 Service, ASTM International, WestConshohocken, PA.9Available from the Coordinating Research Council, 219 Perimeter CenterParkway NE,
36、Atlanta, GA 30346.10The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis a Power Drive Parts Distributor.11The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis AP Services Inc., 203 Armstrong Drive, Northpoint Industrial Park, Freeport, PA16229
37、. Request ASTM L-33-1 Die.D 7038 08a2by a resistance temperature device (RTD) or thermocouple (Jor K type). The controller switches on a pair of 250 W lampsor cooling fan, or both, that are directed toward the differentialas needed to control bulk oil temperature at 180 6 1F (82 66C). A household-ty
38、pe electric fan having 12.0-in. (31-cm)diameter blades has been shown to provide acceptable coolingcapability. Fig. A1.3 shows an example of the location of theheat lamp pair and the cooling fan. Fig. A1.4 shows thelocation of the temperature sensor in the differential housing.6.2.7 Storage Box and
39、Temperature Control System, StoragePhaseDuring the storage phase of the test, a double-walledaluminum or stainless steel box covers the differential housingassembly. An RTD or thermocouple (J or K type) in conjunc-tion with the controller regulates heat input from four stripheaters giving a total ou
40、tput of 500 W. A small electric fan,rated at 1550 r/min, turns a fabricated impeller at 1700 6 100r/min to provide air circulation within the box. Control the bulkoil temperature at 125 6 1F (52 6 6C). Fig. A1.5 showsdetails of the impeller. Fig. A1.6 shows construction andelectrical details of this
41、 box.NOTE 1Insulation on the outside surface of the box only may benecessary to maintain test temperature specifications.6.2.8 Abrasive BlastingBlast the entire differential case,ring, pinion, side gears, differential pinion gears (spider gears),all four thrust washers and the inside surface of the
42、differentialhousing cover plate with 80 grit aluminum oxide so as toremove pre-existing corrosion and produce a uniform surface.Do not abrasive blast the bearings, bearing cups and differen-tial shaft (cross shaft pin). (WarningProvide adequate safetyequipment for abrasive blasting operations.)6.2.9
43、 The following specifies the abrasive blasting equip-ment and material:6.2.9.1 Abrasive Blasting CabinetGrainger Econo-Line36 in. by 24 in., Grainger Item No. 3Z850.6,12(1) Use solely for cleaning L-33-1 test units.(2) Measure air pressure for the blasting gun at theregulator just prior to entering
44、the cabinet enclosure. Set theregulator to maintain 80 6 2 psig (552 6 14 kPa) whileflowing abrasive material.6.2.9.2 Dust CollectorGrainger Econo-Line 1000 ft3/min,Grainger Item No. 3JR93.6,126.2.9.3 Blasting Gun Setup:(1) Grainger Econo-Line 12 ft3/min Gun Assembly,Grainger Item No. 3JT01.6,12(2)
45、Grainger Econo-Line tungsten carbide Nozzle Tip14 in.I.D.(3) Grainger Item No. 3JT0813, Change after fifteenL-33-1 units are blasted.(4) Grainger Econo-Line Air Jet 12 ft3/min, Grainger ItemNo. 3JT04.6,126.2.9.4 Abrasive Blasting MaterialAlodur Fused BrownAluminum Oxide,6,1380 gritANSI Table 3 Grade
46、.6,14Change the entire cabinet supply of abrasive blasting materialafter 15 L-33-1 units are blasted. (WarningAbrasive blast-ing presents a physical hazard; consult and follow equipmentmanufacturers precautions.)7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Specified Test WaterFisher Scientific deionized ultrafilter
47、ed water, Part No. W2-4 or W2-20.6,157.2 SolventUse only mineral spirits meeting the require-ments of Specification D 235, Type II, Class C for AromaticContent (0-2% vol), Flash Point (142F/61C, min) and Color(not darker than +25 on Saybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co Scale).(WarningCombustible. Health haz
48、ard.) Obtain a Certificateof Analysis for each batch of solvent from the supplier.7.3 Rust Prevention OilMobil Arma 245.6,16(WarningCombustible mixture. Harmful or fatal if swallowed.)7.4 Build-up LubricantUse test oil for test unit build-up.8. Test Oil8.1 Use 1.0 gal (3.7 L) for each test. The hous
49、ing capacityis 2.5 pt (1.2 L); the remaining oil is used for coating the testparts during assembly.9. Preparation of Apparatus9.1 Test Unit Preparation:9.1.1 Cleaning of Reused Fittings, Seals, and so forthClean, as necessary, all reusable parts including axle tubeopening seals, pressure relief system and elbow, and thetemperature sensor and its fittings.9.2 Differential Assembly Build-Up:9.2.1 Cleaning and Preparation of Parts:9.2.1.1 DisassemblyCompletely disassemble the differen-tial housing assembly and remove all parts from th
