1、Designation: D7097 09D7097 16Standard Test Method forDetermination of Moderately High Temperature PistonDeposits by Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation TestTEOST MHT1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7097; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the
3、 mass of deposit formed on a specially constructed test rod exposedto repetitive passage of 8.5 g 8.5 g of engine oil over the rod in a thin film under oxidative and catalytic conditions at 285C.285 C.The range of applicability of the Moderately High Temperature Thermo-Oxidation Engine Test (TEOST M
4、HT2) test method asderived from an interlaboratory study is approximately 1010 mg to 100 mg. 100 mg. However, experience indicates that depositvalues from 11 mg to 150 mg 150 mg or greater may be obtained.1.2 This test method uses a patented instrument, method and patented, numbered, and registered
5、depositor rods traceable to themanufacturer3 and made specifically for the practice and precision of the test method.41.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded a
6、s standard. Although not an SI unit, the special name, litrename liter (L)is allowed by SI for the cubic decimetredecimeter (dm3) and the millilitremilliliter (mL) for the SI cubic centimetrecentimeter(cm3). Likewise, the special name millimeter (mm) is allowed by SI as a measurement of length.1.4 T
7、his standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Document
8、s2.1 ASTM Standards:5D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD6335 Test Method for Determination of High Temperature Deposits by Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bubble airflow gaug
9、e, na precision bore glass tube marked in tenths of a millilitremilliliter used to measure accuratelythe flow rate of air around and past the depositor rod and to calibrate mass air flow controllers recommended for use in theprocedure.3.1.2 depositor rod deposits, nparticulate matter formed on the d
10、epositor rod surface by oxidation of the thin film of passingoil exposed to the rod temperature and air, and weighed after appropriate washing and drying to obtain the net mass gain.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
11、and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.09.0G on Oxidation Testing of Engine Oils.Current edition approved June 1, 2009July 1, 2016. Published July 2009 September 2016. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20062009 asD7097D7097 09.06a. DOI: 10.1520/D7097-09.10.1
12、520/D7097-16.2 TEOST and MHT are registered trademarks of the Tannas Co. (Reg. 2001396), Tannas Company, 4800 James Savage Rd., Midland, MI 48642.3 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Tannas Company, 4800 James Savage Rd., Midland, MI 48642. If you are a
13、ware ofalternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1 which you may attend.4 The TEOST instrument, method and rod are patented. Interested parties are inv
14、ited to submit information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this patentedtechnology to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.5 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM webs
15、ite, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indicatio
16、n of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be consid
17、ered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.3 filter deposits, nparticulates washed from the depositor rod after the test and collecte
18、d on a special multi-layer filtercartridge.3.1.4 TEOST2, nan acronym for Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test.3.1.5 total rod deposits, nthe mass of deposits collected on the depositor rod plus any mass of deposits washed from thedepositor rod and later extracted on a filter.3.1.6 volatilized
19、 oil, noil vapor coalesced on the mantle wall, and subsequently collected in a vial.3.2 Abbreviations:3.2.1 MHT2, nmoderately high temperature.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe TEOST MHT procedure evaluates deposit formation at temperatures that are closely related to those of the piston ring zonein reciprocati
20、ng engines (as distinguished from the much higher temperatures associated with the TEOST 33C, Test MethodD6335, procedure for determining potential deposits in turbochargers).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Deposit-forming tendencies of an engine oil under oxidative conditions are determined by circula
21、ting an oil-catalyst mixturecomprising a small sample (8.4 g) (8.4 g) of the oil and a very small (0.1 g) (0.1 g) amount of an organo-metallic catalyst. Thissample mixture is then circulated for exactly 24 h 24 h in the TEOST MHT instrument over a special wire-wound depositor rodheated by electrical
22、 current to a controlled temperature of 285C285 C at the hottest location on the rod. The depositor rod isweighed before and after the test and any deposit formation on the rod as well as any deposits collected from rod washings aredetermined. During the test, precisely controlled and directed air i
23、s caused to bathe the oil flowing down the depositor rod and,thereby, to provide opportunity for oxidation. Precision of the test is strongly influenced by the care in manufacture of thewire-wound steel depositor rods and the treatment of the coating of the wound wire, the rate of air flow, and the
24、amount and degreeof mixing of the catalyst.5. Significance and Use5.1 The test method is designed to predict the deposit-forming tendencies of engine oil in the piston ring belt and upper pistoncrown area. Correlation has been shown between the TEOST MHT procedure and the TU3MH Peugeot engine test i
25、n depositformation. Such deposits formed in the ring-belt area of a reciprocating engine piston can cause problems with engine operationand longevity. It is one of the required test methods in Specification D4485 to define API Category-Identified engine oils.66. Apparatus6.1 TEOST MHT Instrument, 3
26、with specific fittings for the MHT procedure including parts and assemblies are as follows:6.1.1 Depositor Rod Casing Assembly:6.1.1.1 Ceramic Isolators, special non-conductive fittings that compress the depositor rod O-rings into the end-caps and centersthe depositor rod in the end-caps to prevent
27、leakage of oil from the lower end-cap. (See Figs. 4 and 5.)6.1.1.2 Depositor Rod, Wire-Wound, a specially patented, numbered, and registered steel tube wound with pretreated steel wire.The steel tube is formed to a selected interior diameter to precisely contact the surface of a metal-sheathed therm
28、ocouple. Theregistered depositor rods are required to run the TEOST MHT procedure. (See Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Fig. 7.)NOTE 1Precision of the TEOST MHT procedure is highly dependent on the uniformity of manufacture and use of patented and registered depositorrods. Each depositor rod is numbered and tra
29、ceable to the manufacturer and raw steel tubing mill.6.1.1.3 End-cap, Upper, holds the upper end of the glass mantle and depositor rod in place and allows air and oil to enter thedeposit-forming zone separately. (See Fig. 4 and Fig. 7.)6.1.1.4 End-cap, Lower, holds the lower end of the glass mantle
30、and depositor rod in place and provides an outlet for the oilto pass into the sample flask and subsequently to the recirculating pump inlet tubing. (See Fig. 6.)6.1.1.5 End-cap Nuts, Four, used for compressing small O-rings around depositor rod and for positioning and sealing the oilfeed tube and se
31、aling the air inlet tubing. (See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.)6.1.1.6 Glass Mantle, the glass casing that surrounds the depositor rod and diverts volatilized oil into a collecting vial. (See Figs.4-6.)6.1.1.7 Mantis Clip, a wire-spring device holding the sample flask in place on the lower end-cap. (See Fig. 2
32、 and Fig. 6.)6.1.1.8 Lower End-cap Seal, a flexible oil temperature resistant rubber seal (see Fig. 9).6.1.1.9 Oil Feed Tube, the avenue for oil to be delivered from the pump to the top of the depositor rod.6 Selby, T. W., and Florkowski, D. F., “The Development of the TEOST Protocol MHT Bench Test
33、of Engine Oil Piston Deposit Tendency,” Supplement to the Proceedingsof the 12th Esslingen Colloquium, Esslingen, Germany, January 11-13, 2000, pp. 55-62.D7097 1626.1.1.10 End cap O-rings, Large, Petroleum-resistant, create a seal between the end-caps and glass mantle. (See Fig. 5.)6.1.1.11 End cap
34、O-rings, Small, Petroleum- and Heat-resistant, creates an air and fluid seal between depositor rod andend-caps. (See Fig. 5.)6.1.1.12 Pump Outlet Tubing, a flexible transparent vinyl tube of 3.2 mm 3.2 mm outer diameter with a flared end used totransport the oil sample from the oil pump to the oil f
35、eed tube. (See Fig. 6.)6.1.1.13 Sample Flask, a small (25 mL), (25 mL), modified form of an Erlenmeyer flask with sidearm into which the catalystand sample are first weighed, then later used to feed the sample to the circulating system. (See Fig. 2 and Fig. 6.)FIG. 1 Bubble GaugeD7097 1636.1.1.14 St
36、ainless Steel Hex Screws and Busbar End Piece, these secure the depositor rod to the busbars.6.1.1.15 Thermocouples, Two, stainless steel sheathed, 1.57 mm 1.57 mm diameter by 150 mm 150 mm length. One, a J-type,is used for controlling the test temperature (depositor rod) while the other, a K-type,
37、is used to protect against an over-temperaturecondition.6.1.1.16 Thermocouple Locking Collar, a fitting that can be tightened on the thermocouple to ensure the thermocouple tip is atthe correct position when placed inside the depositor rod. (See Fig. 4.)6.1.1.17 Volatiles Vial Clip, the device that
38、holds the volatiles collection vial in place on the mantle. (See Fig. 4.)6.1.2 Airflow Control Assembly, sets air flow at chosen flow rate.6.1.2.1 Bubble Airflow Gauge, a device for precisely establishing the airflow rate and calibrating the flow meter from11 mLmin to 3030 mL mL/min. min. (See Fig.
39、1.)6.1.2.2 Calibrated Flow Meter, capable of measuring approximately 11 mLmin to 2020 mL mL/min min of air and providinga continuous reading on airflow rate when calibrated.6.1.2.3 Handheld Digital Flow Meter, an optional device to monitor air flow to or out of the mantle, capable of reading a flowr
40、ate of 10.010.0 mLmin 6 0.10.1 mL mL/min min of air.6.1.2.4 Precision Digital Mass Flow Controller, an optional device that allows the precise control of the input air flow. (See Fig.1a.)6.1.2.5 Stopwatch, reading to 1/100 s.1/100 s.6.1.3 Filtering Flask Assembly, provides the means for filtering pa
41、rticles washed from the depositor rod. (See Fig. 8.)6.1.3.1 Filter Cartridge, a special multilayer filter made for the TEOST MHT procedure fitting the end of the filter funnel alsomade for the TEOST procedure. (See Fig. 8.)6.1.3.2 Filter Funnel, a special combination funnel of 400-mL400 mL capacity,
42、 necking down to a 10-mL10 mL graduatedor non-graduated section that, in turn, ends in a glass or Luer-lock tip fitting the special filter cartridge used in the procedure. (SeeFig. 8.)6.1.3.3 Filter Tube Assembly, a metal or polyethylene tube inserted through a No. 8 rubber stopper in the vacuum fla
43、sk to fitthe lower outlet of the filter cartridge. (See Fig. 8.)6.1.3.4 Vacuum Flask, 1000-mL1000 mL capacity for collecting the hydrocarbon solvent and oil during the filter rinse.6.1.3.5 Vacuum Source, a vacuum source sufficient to draw the hydrocarbon solvent and oil through the filter and provid
44、e thenecessary filter drying.6.1.3.6 Wire Rod, stainless steel, 1 to 1.5 mm diameter, 300 to 350 mm length, a thin, clean, stainless steel wire rod, fordislodging any deposits trapped in the narrow portion of the filter funnel just above the filter.6.2 Ancillary Equipment, needed or helpful:6.2.1 Ba
45、lance, capable of weighing deposits to the nearest 0.1 mg 0.1 mg with a minimum capacity of 100 g.100 g.6.2.2 Catalyst Syringe, a syringe of 100 L small glass syringe that uses either a glass or PTFE plunger (do not use rubberplunger) of 100 L capacity, for carefully metering the catalyst being weig
46、hed into the sample flask. (An optional approach is touse a small disposable glass pipet.)6.2.3 Oil Sample Transfer Pipettes, disposable glass or plastic pipettes or droppers.6.2.4 Oil Extraction Test Tubes, three, 120-mm tall, made of glass or hydrocarbon solvent-resistant plastic. three glass test
47、 tubesof sufficient height to cover all but the upper 20 mm of an inserted deposit-carrying rod. Plastic tubes are not acceptable.6.2.5 Temperature Recorder, an optional device for tracking the temperature of the upper depositor rod thermocouple over the24-h24 h period of the test.6.2.6 Thermocouple
48、 Depth Insertion Gauge, an optional measurement device fabricated for simple setting and checking of thethermocouple insertion depth, using a millimetremillimeter graduation scale.6.2.7 Vials and Caps, a vial and matching cap of 10 mL 10 mL or more in volume with an 11.5 mm 11.5 mm diameter mouthand
49、 an outer diameter of 20 mm 20 mm to collect the volatile material emitted by the oil and collected on the mantle wall duringthe test as well as the recovered, end-of-test oil sample. (See Fig. 4.)6.2.8 Weighing Boat, a light, circular or oblong weighing container, preferably made of aluminum with a diameter or length of77 cm to 10 cm 10 cm and notched in two diametrically opposed places to prevent the rod from rolling. (See Fig. 3.)FIG. 2 Sample Flask with Stirring Bar and Mantis ClipD7097 1646.2.9 Air-Flow Restrictora small PTFE washer designed to
