ASTM D7111-2015a red 5111 Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Elements in Middle Distillate Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)《采.pdf
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1、Designation: D7111 15D7111 15aStandard Test Method forDetermination of Trace Elements in Middle Distillate Fuelsby Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic EmissionSpectrometry (ICP-AES)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7111; the number immediately following the designation indicates th
2、e year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of sele
3、cted elements in middle distillate fuels by inductively coupled plasmaatomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The specific elements are listed in Table 1. The concentration range of this test methodis approximately 0.1 mgkg to 2.0 mg/kg. The test method may be used for concentrations outside of this
4、 range; however, theprecision statements may not be applicable. Middle distillate fuels covered in this test method have all distillation fractionscontained within the boiling range of 150 C to 390 C. This includes, but is not limited to, diesel fuels and aviation turbine fuels.1.2 This test method
5、is not intended to analyze insoluble particulates. However, very small particulate matter (smaller than amicrometre) will be carried into the plasma and be included in the quantitative analysis.1.3 This test method may give a result that is higher than the true value if an analyte is present in the
6、sample in a form whichis sufficiently volatile. For example, hexamethyldisiloxane will generate a biased high result for silicon.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and
7、 Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.03 on Elemental Analysis.Current edition approved April 1, 2015July 1, 2015. Published May 2015August 2015. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 asD7111 14.D7111 15. DOI: 10.1520/D7111-15.10.1520/D7111
8、-15A.TABLE 1 Elements and Recommended WavelengthsElement Wavelengths, nmAluminum 308.215, 396.153Barium 455.403, 493.408Calcium 393.366Chromium 267.716, 283.563Cobalt 228.615, 236.375, 238.892Copper 324.752Iron 259.939Lithium 670.784Lead 220.353, 224.688, 283.306Magnesium 279.553Manganese 257.610Mol
9、ybdenum 202.030, 204.597, 281.616Nickel 221.648, 341.476Phosphorus 177.495, 178.287,185.944, 214.914, 213.618Palladium 340.458, 342.124Platinum 214.423Potassium 766.490Sodium 588.995Silicon 251.611Silver 328.068Strontium 407.771Tin 283.999, 189.991Titanium 334.940Vanadium 310.230Zinc 213.857This doc
10、ument is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as
11、 appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Unite
12、d States11.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Refer
13、enced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel OilsD3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission SpectroscopyD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Co
14、ntainers for Tests Affected by Trace ContaminationD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techn
15、iques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-ment System PerformanceD6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing LaboratoriesD7260 Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Validation of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES) for Elemental Analys
16、is of Petroleum Products and Lubricants2.2 Military Standard:MIL-DTL-16884 Fuel, Naval Distillate33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 calibration, nthe determination of the values of the significant parameters by comparison with values indicated by a setof reference standards.3.1.2 calibration curve
17、, nthe graphical or mathematical representation of a relationship between the assigned (known) valuesof standards and the measured responses from the measurement system.3.1.3 calibration standard, na standard having an accepted value (reference value) for use in calibrating a measurementinstrument o
18、r system.3.1.4 detection limit, na stated limiting value that designates the lowest concentration that can be determined with confidenceand that is specific to the analytical procedure used.3.1.5 emission spectroscopy, nmeasurement of the energy spectrum emitted by or from an object under some form
19、of energeticstimulation; for example, light or electrical discharge.3.1.6 inductively coupled plasma, na high temperature discharge generated by passing an ionizable gas through a magneticfield induced by a radio frequency coil surrounding the tubes that carry the gas.3.1.7 radio frequency, nthe ran
20、ge of frequencies between 3 kHz and 300 GHz.3.1.8 standard, na physical or chemical reference used as a basis for comparison or calibration.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 detection limit, nthe lowest concentration value for an element that can be determined by ICP analysis
21、and that iscalculated by multiplying three times the standard deviation of ten repetitive element analyses of the blank solution.3.2.2 internal standard, na chemical standard having an accepted value (and added to the fuel test specimen and calibrationstandard) to determine the emission intensity ra
22、tio of an element to the internal standard.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Calibration standards are prepared by mixing organometallic standard materials in kerosine. An internal standard materialis added to the calibration standards and fuel samples. The calibration standards and the fuel samples are
23、aspirated into theICP-AES instrument. The concentrations of the elements in the fuel are calculated by comparing emission intensity ratios of thefuel and calibration standards to the internal standard.4.2 Consult Practice D7260 regrading the optimum operation of any ICP-AES system.5. Significance an
24、d Use5.1 Trace elemental analysis is used to indicate the level of contamination of middle distillate fuels. Trace metals in turbine fuelscan cause corrosion and deposition on turbine components at elevated temperatures. Some diesel fuels have specification limit2 For referencedASTM standards, visit
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