1、Designation:D721705 (Reapproved 2010)1Designation: D7217 11Standard Test Method forDetermining Extreme Pressure Properties of Solid BondedFilms Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) TestMachine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7217; the number immediately following the
2、 designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUpdated Section 7 to include HRC
3、 editorially in October 2010.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining extreme pressure properties of solid bonded films under high-frequencylinear-oscillation motion using the SRV test machine.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of
4、 measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulator
5、ylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A295/A295M Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing SteelD2510 Test Method for Adhesion of Solid Film LubricantsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and LubricantsD5706 Test Method for Determining
6、 Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-Frequency,Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test MachineD7421 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test MachineE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion
7、Content of SteelG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion2.2 Other Standards:DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-treated Steels, Alloy Steels and Free-Cutting SteelsPart 17: Ball and Roller Bearing Steels3DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)Surface Texture: Profile Method; Surfaces
8、 HavingStratified Functional PropertiesPart 2: Height Characterization Using Linear Material Ratio Curve Replacement of DIN4776:1990: Measurement of Surface Roughness; Parameters RK,RPK,RVK,Mr1,Mr2for the Description of the MaterialPortion3SAE AS5272 Lubricant, Solid Film, Heat Cured, Corrosion Inhi
9、biting Procurement Specification4AMS 2562B53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 break-in, nin tribology, an initial transition process occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accompaniedby transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or both, which are uncharacteristic of the gi
10、ven tribological systems long-term1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.L0.05on Solid Lubricants.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally approved i
11、n 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D721705. DOI:10.1520/D7217-10.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published March 2012. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D721705(2010)1. DOI:10.1520/D7217-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs
12、ite, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrasse 6, D-10787 Berlin, Germany.4Available from Society of Aut
13、omotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.5Aerospace Material Specifications.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be t
14、echnically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of t
15、his standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.behavior. G403.1.2 coeffcient of friction, or , nin tribology, the dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to thenormal force (N) pressing these bod
16、ies together. G403.1.3 Hertzian contact area, nthe apparent area of contact between two nonconforming solid bodies pressed against eachother, as calculated from Hertzs equations of elastic deformation. G403.1.4 Hertzian contact pressure, nthe magnitude of the pressure at any specified location in a
17、Hertzian contact area, ascalculated from Hertzs equations of elastic deformation. G40 magnitude of the pressure at any specified location in aHertzian contact area, as calculated from Hertzs equations of elastic deformation. The Hertzian contact pressure canalso be calculated and reported as maximum
18、 value Pmaxin the centre of the contact or as Paverageas average over thetotal contact area. D74213.1.5 lubricant, nany material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both between them.D41753.1.6 solid bonded film (sbf), nconsists of physically dried or chemically har
19、dened (cured) bonded solid films as well as ofinorganic matrices containing embedded organic or inorganic, or both, solid lubricants with or without lattice layers or soft metalsor combinations of these. Synonymssolid film lubricants (Test Method D2510), bonded solid film lubricant (SAE AS5272), and
20、thin lubricating film (AMS 2562B).3.1.6.1 DiscussionDry solid film lubricants are dry coatings consisting of lubricating powders in a solid matrix bonded to oneor both surfaces to be lubricated. D25103.1.7 Ra (C.L.A.), nin measuring surface finish, the arithmetic average of the absolute distances of
21、 all profile points from themean line for a given distance.63.1.8 Rz (DIN), nin measuring surface finish, the average of all Ry values (peak to valley heights) in the assessment length.73.1.9 Rpk, nreduced peak height according to DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998. Rpk is the mean height of the peak sticking
22、outabove the core profile section.3.1.10 Rvk, nreduced valley height according to DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998. Rvk is the mean depth of the valley reachinginto the material below the core profile section.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 extreme pressure, adjin lubrication, charac
23、terized by metal surfaces in contact under high-stress rubbing conditions.3.2.2 seizure, nlocalized fusion of metal between the rubbing surfaces of the test pieces. D57063.2.2.1 DiscussionSeizure is indicated by a sharp rise in the coefficient of friction, over steady state, of greater than 0.2 foro
24、ver 20 s. In severe cases, a stoppage in the motor will occur.3.2.33.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 SRV, nSchwingung, Reibung, Verschleiss (German); oscillating, friction, wear (English translation).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method is performed on an SRV test machine using a steel test ball osci
25、llating against a steel test disk with lubricantbetween them. Test load is increased in 100-N increments until seizure occurs. The load, immediately prior to the load at whichseizure occurs, is measured and reported.NOTE 1Test frequency, stroke length, temperature, and ball and disk material can be
26、varied to simulate field conditions. The test ball yieldspoint-contact geometry. To obtain line or area contact, test pieces of differing configurations can be substituted for the test balls.5. Significance and Use5.1 This laboratory test method can be used to quickly determine extreme pressure prop
27、erties of parts coated with solid bondedfilms at selected temperatures specified for use in unlubricated applications where high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions arepresent with high Hertzian point contact. This test method has found wide application in qualifying solid bonded films used inau
28、tomotive door lock mechanisms, hinge joints, bolts, and in aerospace. This test method is a material and application orientedapproach for characterizing the tribological behaviour using random, discrete and constant parameter combinations Users of thistest method should determine whether results cor
29、relate with field performance or other applications.6. Apparatus6.1 SRV Test Machine,8illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Test Balls,852100 steel, 60 6 2 HRC, 0.025 6 0.005-m Ra surface finish, = 10-mm diameter.6Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003
30、-0785, Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, p. 21.7Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, pp. 31, 29.8The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Optim
31、ol Instruments GmbH, Westendstr. 125, D-80339 Munich, Germany. If you areaware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information with round robin data to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee, which you may atte
32、nd.D7217 112NOTE 2The test can also be performed using rollers of antifriction bearings ( = 15 mm; length = 22 mm, parabolic border regions). Using 2000N as normal force possible in SRV III models conducts only to a maximum Hertzian contact pressure of 808 MPa, which is far away from the capabilityo
33、f most SBFs.7.2 Lower Test Disk8vacuum arc remelted (VAR) AISI 52100 steel with a inclusion rating using method D, Type A, as severitylevel number of 0.5 according to Test Methods E45, Specification A295/A295M or a inclusion sum value K1 # 10 according toDIN EN ISO 683-17 and spherodized annealed to
34、 obtain globular carbide, Rockwell hardness number of 60 6 2 on Rockwell Cscale (HRC), the surfaces of the disk being lapped and free of lapping raw materials. The topography of the disk will be determinedby four values: 0.5 m Rz 0.650 m; 0.035 m C.L.A. (Ra) 0.050 m, 0.020 m Rpk 0.035 m and 0.050 m
35、Rvk 0.075 m, = 24-mm diameter by 7.85 mm thick.NOTE 3The DIN 17230-1980 was replaced by DIN EN ISO 683-17.7.3 n-Heptane, reagent grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.)7.4 Isopropanol, reagent grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.)7.5 Toluene, reagent grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.)7.
36、6 Cleaning Solvent, a mixture of equal volumes of n-heptane, ispropanol, and toluene. (WarningFlammable. Healthhazard.)FIG. 1 SRV Test Machine, Model III1. Oscillation drive rod 6. Electrical resistance heater2. Test ball holder 7. Resistance thermometer3. Load rod 8. Test disk holder4. Test ball 9.
37、 Piezoelectric measuring device5. Test disk 10. Receiving blockFIG. 2 Test Chamber ElementsD7217 1138. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Turn on the test machine and chart recorder or the PC and allow to warm up for 15 min prior to running tests.8.2 Select the friction data to be presented in the crest pe
38、ak value position in accordance with the manufacturers directions.NOTE 4In most cases, this is accomplished by positioning the sliding switch on electronic card NO. 291.35.20E (front side of electronics behind thefront panel) and the sliding switch located back on the panel of the control unit.8.3 T
39、urn the stroke knob to ZERO.8.4 Switch the stroke adjustment to AUTO position.8.5 Set the frequency to 20 Hz.8.6 Set the desired span and calibrate the chart recorder in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Select the desiredchart speed.9. Procedure9.1 Check the coated disk for visible da
40、mage or corrosion. Clean the test ball and coated disk by wiping the surfaces withlaboratory tissue soaked with the cleaning solvent. Repeat wiping until no dark residue appears on the tissue. Immerse the test balland disk in a beaker of the cleaning solvent under ultrasonic vibration for 10 min. Dr
41、y the test ball and disk with a clean tissueto ensure no streaking occurs on the surface.NOTE 5Ensure that the binder is resistant to the solvent. In the case that the binder is not resistant to the solvent, wipe only the coated disk surfacewith a laboratory tissue.9.2 Place the cleaned test ball on
42、 the top and in the middle of the coated disk specimen.9.3 Ensure the machine is unloaded (indicated by a load reading of 13 or 14 N) and carefully place coated disk specimen andtest ball on the test area platform.9.4 Tighten both the ball and disk clamps until resistance to tightening just begins.
43、Then load unit to 20 N and tighten the balland disk clamps to a torque of 2.5 Nm. Maintain the load of 20 N for break-in.9.5 Turn on the heater control, and set to the desired temperature, for example, 50C.9.6 Set the load charge amplifier to setting that corresponds to the 400-N load.9.7 Change the
44、 load charge amplifier at each load in accordance with the manufacturers instructions when the coefficient offriction at each test load is to be studied.9.8 When the temperature has stabilized, turn on the chart recorder or PC and depress the drive start toggle switch until the timerbegins to count
45、and then adjust the stroke amplitude knob to 2.00 mm.9.9 When the digital timer reaches 30 s, increase the load to 20 N using the slow ramp speed rate and maintain this load for2 min. The 2-min interval includes the loading ramp sequence. Increase the load by 10 N every 1, 3, or 6 min using the slow
46、 rampuntil the load limit of the test apparatus is attained, or failure occurs. Failure is indicated by a rise in coefficient of friction of greaterthan 0.2 over steady state for over 20 s or a stoppage in the oscillating of the test machine.NOTE 6Because a 30-s break-in at xxx N is used, the load i
47、ncrease times will occur on the half minute of even minutes.NOTE 7The SRVII test machines available after 1992 have a maximum load of 1400 N and SRVIII/IV test machines after 1995 of 2000 N. OptimolInstruments supplies an upgrade kit to allow SRVI/II machines to operate with 1600 N, if needed.89.10
48、When the 1200-N load run or maximum load of the test apparatus is completed or failure occurs, turn off the heater control,release the load to minimum setting, (typically 13 or 14 N), and remove the test ball and disk test specimen.NOTE 8When using SRV III and IV models, clean and install the specim
49、ens as specified under 9.1-9.4. The test parameters are to be entered via thecontrol software. The test will be run automatically. Test results will be displayed and saved.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Report all parameters used to evaluate material as follows:10.1.1.1 Temperature, C,10.1.1.2 Stroke, mm,10.1.1.3 Frequency, Hz,10.1.1.4 Relative humidity in %,10.1.1.5 Load step interval in seconds,10.1.1.6 Test ball material,10.1.1.7 Test disk material,10.1.1.8 Solid bonded film test coat
