1、Designation: D7261 08D7261 12Standard Test Method forDetermining Water Separation Characteristics of DieselFuels by Portable Separometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7261; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test m
3、ethod covers a rapid portable means for field and laboratory use to rate the ability of diesel fuels (both neat andthose containing additives) to release entrained or emulsified water when passed through fiberglass coalescing material.1.2 This test method is applicable to diesel fuels such as D975 G
4、rade No. 1 and Grade No. 2 of all sulfur levels, andMIL-F-16884, naval distillate fuel (NATO F-76).NOTE 1This test method is similar to Test Method D3948 which is applicable to aviation turbine fuels.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are
5、included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prio
6、r to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3948 Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable SeparometerD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petr
7、oleum ProductsD4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace ContaminationD4860 Te
8、st Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright NumericalRating)D6426 Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils2.2 Military Standard:MIL-F-16884 Fuel, Naval Distillate (NATO F-76)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 M
9、icro-Separometer rating (DSEP rating), na numerical value indicating the ease of separating emulsified water fromfuel by coalescence as affected by the presence of surface active materials (surfactants) in the fuel.3.1.1 reference fluid, nin MSEP and DSEP4 diesel separability water separability test
10、s, a reference fluid base to which aprescribed quantitiesquantity of a known surface active agent havehas been added.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.14 onStability and Cleanli
11、ness of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved July 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2012. Published August 2008April 2013. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20072008 asD726107.08. DOI: 10.1520/D7261-08.10.1520/D7261-12.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, o
12、r contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPOD
13、S.4 MSEP and DSEP are registered trademarks of EMCEE Electronics, Inc, 520 Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be tech
14、nically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
15、 standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.1.1 DiscussionThe known surface active agent is typically bis-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate, commonly referred to as AOT, dissolved intoluene.3.1.2 surfactants,surfacta
16、nt, nin petroleum fuels, surface active materials material (or surface active agent) that could disarm(de-activate)(deactivate) filter separator (coalescing) elements so that free water is not removed from the fuel in actual service.3.1.2.1 DiscussionTechnically, surfactants affect the interfacial t
17、ension between water and fuel which affects the tendency of water to coalesce intodroplets or not.droplets.3.1.3 strong surfactants,surfactant, nin petroleum fuels, surface active materialsmaterial that disarmdisarms filter separatorelements. elements, allowing water to pass.3.1.3.1 DiscussionStrong
18、 surfactants can be refinery process chemicals left in the fuel or contaminants introduced during transportation of the fuel.3.1.4 weak surfactants,surfactant, nin petroleum fuels, surface active materials that domaterial, typically certain types ofadditives such as static dissipator additive, that
19、does not adversely affect the performance of filter separator elements in actualservice.3.1.5.1 DiscussionWeak surfactants are typically certain types of additives used in fuels.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 DSEP rating, nthe Micro-Separometer diesel separability rating of
20、 diesel fuelsfuel as measured by this test method.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe “D” in DSEP stands for diesel fuel. (SeeDSEP ratings are only valid within 14.1 for more information.)the range of 50 to 100,with ratings at the upper end of the range indicating a clean fuel with little or no contamination by s
21、urfactants, which is expectedto show good water-separating properties when passed through a filter-separator (coalescing type filter) in actual service; see 14.1.3.2.2 reference fluid base, na distillate diesel fuel that has been carefully cleaned in a prescribed manner to remove allsurface-active c
22、ontaminants, contaminants (agents), and having a minimum DSEP rating of 97.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe reference fluid base should be a diesel fuel typical of fuels to be tested.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 acalternating current3.3.2 AOTAerosol OT (see 8.1)3.3.3 C/Scollect sample3.3.4 dcdirect current3.3.5 MSE
23、PMicro-Separometer3.3.5 DSEPMicro-SeparometerDieseldiesel separability4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A50 mL water/fuel sample emulsion is created in a syringe using a high-speed mixer. The emulsion is then expelled fromthe syringe at a programmed rate through a standard fiber-glassfiberglass coalescer
24、 and the effluent is analyzed for uncoalescedwater by a light transmission measurement.4.2 The results are reported on a 0-to-100 scale to the nearest whole number, however the effective range of the test equipmentis from 50 to 100. High ratings indicate that water is easily coalesced, implying that
25、 the fuel is relatively free of surfactants.4.3 A test can be performed in 5 to 10 min.D7261 1225. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a measure of the presence of surfactants in diesel fuels, and can be performed in the field or ina laboratory. Like Test Method D3948 used for jet fuel
26、, this test method can detect traces of some refinery treating chemicals leftin fuel. It can also detect surface active substances added to or picked up by the fuel during handling from point of production topoint of use.5.2 Certain additives, which can act as weak surfactants, give a slightly reduc
27、ed DSEPrating. Other substances which are strongsurfactants give much lower DSEP ratings.5.3 While filter separators have not been common in diesel fuel systems, they could become more prevalent with ULSDcontaining increased additive content to ensure clean, dry fuels in new engine designs. Weak sur
28、factants, with slightly reducedDSEPratings, do not affect the ability of filter separators to separate free water from the fuel. Strong surfactants give a much lowerDSEP rating and adversely affect the ability of filter separators to separate free water from the fuel.5.4 Results from this test metho
29、d do not have a known relationship to the rate of water settling in tanks.5.5 The Micro-Separometer5 instrument has a measurement range from 50 to 100. Values obtained outside of those limits areundefined and invalid.NOTE 2In the event a value greater than 100 is obtained, there is a good probabilit
30、y that light transmittance was reduced by material contained inthe fuel used to set the 100 reference level. The material was subsequently removed during the coalescing portion of the test, thus, the processed fuelhad a higher light transmittance than the fuel sample used to obtain the 100 reference
31、 level resulting in the final rating measuring in excess of 100.6. Interferences6.1 Any suspended particles, whether solids or water droplets or haze, in a fuel sample will interfere with this test method,which utilizes light transmission of a fuel sample after emulsification with water and subseque
32、nt coalescence.6.2 Non-hydrocarbon components such as oxygenates, especially alcohols, or emulsified water have not been verified for thistest method and will likely interfere.7. Apparatus7.1 AMicro-Separometer6,7 instrument is used to perform the test. The unit is portable and self-contained, capab
33、le of operatingon an internal rechargeable battery pack or being connected to an ac power source using power cords which are available forvarious voltages. Connection to an ac power source will provide power to the unit and affect battery recharge. The accessories canbe packed in the cover of the lo
34、ckable case.There are two versions of the Micro-Separometer: the MarkVDeluxe and the upgradedversion, Mark X.NOTE 3An extensive study was performed to verify that the Mark X Micro-Separometer gives equivalent results to the Mark V DeluxeMicro-Separometer. See Research Report RR:D02-1647.87.1.1 The E
35、mcee Model 1140 Micro-Separometer Mark V Deluxe and associated control panel are shown in Fig. 1.NOTE 4Of the lettered (A-G) push buttons on the Mark V Deluxe, only the D push button is applicable to this test method.7.1.2 The Emcee Model 1140 Micro-Separometer Mark X and associated control panel ar
36、e shown in Fig. 2. Table 1 lists themanual and audio operating characteristics of the instrument.5 Micro-Separometer is a trademark of EMCEE Electronics, Inc, 520 Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285.6 The sole source of supply of the apparatus (Model 1140 Micro-Separometer, Mark V Deluxe and Mark X) know
37、n to the committee at this time is EMCEE Electronics,Inc., 520 Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285 www.emcee-. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible tec
38、hnical committee,1 which you may attend.7 The Model 1140 Micro-Separometers Mark III and Mark V Standard versions may also be used, but they are no longer supported by the manufacturer. For operatingprocedures using these instruments, the user is referred to Test Method D394887D3948.87.8 Supporting
39、data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1647.FIG. 1 Micro-Separometer Mark V Deluxe and Associated Control PanelD7261 123NOTE 5Of the lettered push buttons that select the test mode, only the DIESEL push button is applicable to
40、 this test method.7.1.3 Both the Mark V Deluxe and Mark X Micro-Separometers have the emulsifier located on the right side of the raised paneland the syringe drive mechanism on the left side. The control panel containing the operating controls (push buttons) is mountedon the fixed panel in the left
41、side of the case. A circuit breaker located on the control panel provides protection for the ac powercircuit. The turbidimeter is located under the main control panel and consists of a well in which the sample vial is placed, a lightsource, and a photocell.7.2 Beaker, Catch Pan, or Plastic Container
42、(Supplied with each Micro-Separometer) used to receive the waste fuel duringthe coalescence period of the test.7.3 PipetAn automatic 50-L hand pipet (supplied with each Micro-Separometer) designed to accept a disposable plastic tip.8. Reagents and Materials8.1 Aerosol OT, (AOT), solid (100 % dry) bi
43、s-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate.8.2 Dispersing AgentToluene solution (WarningFlammable. Vapor harmful.) containing 1 mg of Aerosol OT per milliliterof toluene.8.3 Expendable Materials needed to perform the test are shown in Fig. 3 and consist of the following:98.3.1 Syringe Plug, (A)A plastic p
44、lug used to stopper the syringe during the clean and emulsion cycles.8.3.2 Syringe, (Barrel (B) and Plunger (C)A disposable 50 mL plastic syringe.8.3.3 Vials, (D), 25-mm outside diameter vial premarked for proper alignment in the turbidimeter well.8.3.4 DCell10 Coalescer, (E) an expendable, pre-cali
45、brated aluminum coalescer cell with a tapered end to fit the syringe. It islabeled in a white background with black lettering:9 A new syringe, pipet tip, test sample vial, syringe plug, DCell coalescer (trademarked) and double distilled water are used in each test. These expendable materials areavai
46、lable from Emcee Electronics, Inc. in a kit, termed the DCell Micro-Separometer Six Pack (trademarked), containing supplies for six tests (Fig. 4).10 The term “DCell” and logo are registered trademarks of EMCEE Electronics, Inc, 520 Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285.FIG. 2 Micro-Separometer Mark X and
47、Control PanelTABLE 1 Manual and Audio Operating Characteristics of the Emcee Model 1140 Micro-Separometer Instrument forMode D/Diesel OperationAvailable Test Mode(s) Function Mark V Deluxe Mark XTest Mode - Select Mode DDepress D push button Diesel push buttonSyringe Drive Not required Not requiredS
48、peed Selection Not required Not requiredClean CycleDepress START push button CLEAN 1CLEAN 2Initiate Automatic Test SequenceDepress START push button RUN push buttonCancel Automatic SequenceDepress RESET push button RESET push button1st Meter Read1st Meter Adjust Depress ARROW push buttons Not requir
49、ed2nd Meter Read2nd Meter Adjust Depress ARROW push buttons Not requiredCollect Sample Short Tone and C/S Short Tone and C/SAnnunciator Lamp Illuminates Annunciator Lamp Illuminates3rd Meter ReadRecord Measurement Pulsed Tone Sounds 5 s into 3rd Meter Read Steady toneD7261 124DCELL, DIESEL FUEL, D72618.3.4.1 In order for a coalescer to be acceptable for this test method, it shall have been manufactured using 2-grades of fiberglassand have passed factory calibration tests for air flow and leakage.8.3.5 Disposable Plastic Pipe
