1、Designation: D 7353 07Standard Practice forSampling of Liquids in Waste Management Activities Usinga Peristaltic Pump1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7353; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the use of a peristaltic pump forsampling liquids from multiple depths. It is applicable
3、for awide range of fluids including: high-viscosity fluids, aggressiveand corrosive fluids, high-purity solutions and abrasive fluids.It is especially useful for sampling liquids that require com-plete isolation from the pump.1.2 This practice includes the determination of sampledepth, pump set up a
4、nd collecting a sample to be analyzed.1.3 This practice is not intended to give detailed instructionsfor running a peristaltic pump or recommend which peristalticpump to purchase. It instructs the field personnel how toconnect the pump and collect a sample.1.4 This standard does not purport to addre
5、ss all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 4448 Guide fo
6、r Sampling Ground-Water MonitoringWellsD 4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste SamplingD 4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody ProceduresD 5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste ManagementD 5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental DataRelated to Waste Management Activities: Development ofData
7、 Quality ObjectivesD 5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for HeterogeneousWastesD 6044 Guide for Representative Sampling for Manage-ment of Waste and Contaminated MediaD 6063 Guide for Sampling of Drums and Similar Contain-ers by Field PersonnelD 6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment forWast
8、e and Contaminated Media Data Collection ActivitiesD 6250 Practice for Derivation of Decision Point and Con-fidence Limit for Statistical Testing of Mean Concentrationin Waste Management DecisionsD 6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Re-lated to Waste Management Activities: Selection and
9、Optimization of Sampling DesignD 6634 Guide for the Selection of Purging and SamplingDevices for Ground-Water Monitoring Wells3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 See Terminology D 5681.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A peristaltic pump is a suction lift pump (see Fig. 1b). Alength of polytetrafluoroethylene
10、 (PTFE) or other suitabletubing such as Silastic tubing is placed in the liquid at anydepth up to 7.6 m (25 ft.) for water or less depending upon thedensity of the sample being taken. The other end is connectedto the piece of flexible tubing which has been threaded aroundthe rotor of the peristaltic
11、 pump (see Fig. 1a). A second pieceof PTFE or other suitable tubing is connected to the dischargeend of the flexible tubing to allow the liquid to be containerizedor sampled. One can fill a vacuum-worthy sample containerafter attaching two tubes to it, one from the top of the pumpinlet, and the othe
12、r from a lower level to the source (see Fig.1c).5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice can be used in sampling drums, tanks, andsimilar containers and in sampling monitoring and waste wellsincluding small diameter (1 in.) wells. The pump can collectsamples from multiple depths. The samples can be
13、high-viscosity fluids, aggressive and corrosive fluids, high-puritysolutions and abrasive fluids. The pump can be used to mixsamples (see D 6063).5.2 Peristaltic pumps use a vacuum to transport the samples.This vacuum may cause some degassing and loss of volatileorganic compounds (VOCs) from the sam
14、ple. When precise1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01 on Monitor-ing and Characterization.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May 2007.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM websi
15、te, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United State
16、s.quantitative data for VOCs and dissolved gases are notrequired, peristaltic pumps may be used.5.3 The pump is self-priming, runs dry without damage, andis completely isolated from the pumped fluid. A sample can betaken on the intake or discharge side of the pump.5.4 Some additional advantages of t
17、he peristaltic pump are:decontamination of the pump motor is not necessary and thetubing in the pump is disposable and easy to replace. Thepumps can be easily started and stopped and can pump fluidsat a wide range of pressures and flow rates.5.5 The place, quality and quantity, frequency, and time o
18、fsampling is dependent upon the decisions that are to be made(see D 6250), sampling design (see D 6311), the sample, theheterogeneity of the samples (see D 5956), how representativethe sample is (see D 6044), and the parameters to be tested asdetermined by the data quality objectives (DQOs) (seeD 57
19、92).6. Sampling Equipment6.1 It is recommended that two peristaltic pumps be taken tothe site with two pump specific clamps per unit.NOTE 1There are many peristaltic pumps on the market from severalmanufacturers. Consult with the manufacturers to determine the capabili-ties of each pump for your app
20、lication.6.2 Two fully charged batteries (or other applicable batteriesor AC/DC converter as required).6.3 New medical-grade rubber/silicone tubing (Dow-Corning Silastic or equivalent). In corrosive situations, a lengthof PTFE tubing is used.6.4 Applicable tubing couplers for discharge and intake as
21、needed.6.5 Tape measure or water level instrument.6.6 Waste container.6.7 Plastic, glass, or other non-reactive containers should beused as specified by the site sampling plan (see Guide D 4687).7. General Sample Collecltion7.1 Review the work or sampling plan.7.2 Check to make sure that the supply
22、of sample contain-ers, labels, ice chest, stop watch or timing device, compositecollection container if required, and sampling equipment inplace are adequate and correct. There should be samplingforms, or log books, or equivalent for recording field informa-tion such as date, time the sample was tak
23、en, samplers name,physical description of the sampling location and any otherinformation which might impact the validity of the sample. Thelog books, sampling forms, and bottle labels should be signedor initialed.7.3 Provision should be made for split samples and fieldquality control samples, such a
24、s trip blanks, equipment blanks,and field spikes.8. Pre-sampling Testing8.1 Remove the pump cover plate. Slide the tubing throughthe clamps, position the clamps in their seats, and gently rotatethe pump mast to engage the tubing in the pump housing. Withthe pump mast at the 6:00/12:00 position, the
25、un-pinchedtubing should touch the walls of the pump housing (Fig. 1a). Alittle slack is desirable.8.2 Tighten each pump clamp and replace the pump coverplate.8.3 Install the battery and hook up the power lead.8.4 Insert one end of the tubing into the liquid and the otherend into a waste container. T
26、he arrow on the pump points to thedischarge tube.8.5 Activate the pump.8.5.1 Observe the flow of the liquid through the tubing andinto the waste container.8.5.1.1 The system may be checked without liquid byplacing a finger over the intake of the sampling system andchecking for vacuum.8.5.2 Vary the
27、pump speeds through the full range.NOTE 2It is normal for the pump to be a little sluggish at slow speeds.8.6 Turn the pump off and switch the tube ends so thedischarge tubing end is now the intake tubing end and thedischarge tubing end is the intake.8.6.1 Turn the pump direction switch to reverse t
28、he pumpmast.8.7 Repeat 8.5.8.8 Record the following data in the field log book:8.8.1 Date and time; pump type, manufacturer, and serialnumber; battery tracking number, type, and manufacturer; lotnumber of the tubing; and results of the test.FIG. 1 Peristaltic PumpD73530729. General Peristaltic Sampl
29、ing Set-ups9.1 Fig. 1b demonstrates sampling directly from the exittube after the pump.9.2 Fig. 1c demonstrates sampling by attaching a samplebottle to the sampling tube from the sample source and asecond tube to the intake side of the pump. The sample intaketube reaches almost to the bottom of the
30、sample containerwhile the bottle exit tube reaches just below the bottle cover.The exit tube is placed in the waste container. The pump doesnot require an air purge between samples since no liquids arein contact with the pump.9.2.1 If a new sample source is to be sampled, the samplingtube should be
31、replaced or flushed according to the samplingplan.10. Procedure for Sampling from Wells10.1 Review the well construction data to determine thescreen size, type and depth.10.2 Prepare the labels, sample bottles, waste containers,and coolers.10.3 Collect a field blank by pumping de-ionized water orequ
32、ivalnet through the new tubing. The tubing should have thesame lot number as the tubing used to collect the samples.10.4 Determine the liquid level using a level meter (waterlevel or oil/water interface meter). WarningPeristalticpumps are not recommended for sampling below 25 ft from thetop of the w
33、ell (see Guide D 6634 for sampling devices andGuide D 4448 for guidance in sampling ground water moni-toring wells).10.5 Taking the Samples:10.5.1 Lower the intake tubing end to the pre-determineddepth to be sampled (Fig. 1b).10.5.2 Start the pump and purge the system as specified inthe sampling pla
34、n.10.5.3 Turn off the pump and lower the exit tube into thesample container.10.5.4 Turn on the pump.10.5.5 Fill the labeled sample bottle or bottles to the desiredvolume, and apply the cap and custody tape if required (seeGuide D 4840).10.6 Air-purge the tubing by reversing the pump directionwith th
35、e exit side of the pump clear of any liquids beforesampling the next level. The pump and sampling tube must beclear of any liquid.10.7 Reverse the pump again and lower the intake tube tothe next level if required.10.8 Repeat the steps in 10.5.10.9 Record the information in the field log book andpres
36、erve the samples.10.10 If samples are taken on the suction side of the pumpaccording to 9.2 and Fig. 1c, pump reversal and air purging willnot be required before moving to a new sample level.11. Procedure for Sampling From Tanks11.1 Determine the physical dimensions of each tank to besampled (height
37、, diameter, length, liquid level or depth, andposition/height of pump access point).11.2 Prepare the intake tubing for installation to the pumpby marking depth levels as specified in the sampling plan.11.3 Determine the distance to the top of the liquid andrecord the data in the field log book.11.4
38、Prepare the sample containers according to the sam-pling plan. Each bottle should have a label which can be placedon the bottle before or at the time of sampling (see GuideD 4840).11.4.1 Aliquots shall be taken at the pre-designated depthsas specified within the sampling plan. The data quality objec
39、-tives will specify whether the samples shall be handled asdiscrete or composite samples.11.4.2 Replicates are prepared by repeating the entire pro-cess at each of the specified intervals.NOTE 3Vertical tanks and horizontal tanks may need to be sampleddifferently if volumes at a given level need to
40、be considered. In horizontalcylindrical tanks evenly-spaced depth intervals do not correspond withequal volumes. If a volume to depth relationship is to be maintained, moresample volume needs to be collected in the middle than at the top orbottom of the column to account for extra volume in the midd
41、le.NOTE 4Special consideration shall be given in the sampling planprocedures to the top and bottom of the tank to ensure that lightnon-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) or dense non-aqueous phase liquids(DNAPL) are not missed in the sampling.11.5 Lower the calibrated intake tube into the tank to thedesir
42、ed depth and the exit tube into a waste collectioncontainer.11.6 Start the pump and purge the system as specified in thesampling plan before placing the exit tubing into the samplebottle.11.7 Fill the pre-labeled sample bottle or sample bottles tothe desired level. Turn off the pump.11.8 Cap the bot
43、tle and label as required and put on thesample custody seal if required.11.9 Record the time and other required information on thelabel (see Guide D 4840) and in the field log book.11.10 Repeat the process until the desired amount of samplehas been taken at the required level.11.11 Take the exit tub
44、e out of the sample bottle andair-purge the pump by direction reversal. Once there is noliquid in the system, lower the intake tube to the next level tobe sampled. Reverse the pump and repeat 11.6 to 11.9.11.12 Repeat the process at each level to be sampled.12. Procedure for Sampling from Drums12.1
45、Prepare the pump as outlined in Sections 8 and 9.12.2 Place the end of the inlet tubing in the drum at a depthfrom which the sample will be extracted.12.3 Place the exit end tubing within the drum.12.4 Turn on the pump and allow at least two volumes ofmaterial to flow through the system. If drum mix
46、ing using thepump is required, extend the time to meet the requirements ofthe sampling plan.12.5 Once the sample is adequately mixed, turn off thepump and place the end of the out let tubing into theappropriate sample container.12.6 Turn on the pump and fill the labeled sample bottle orbottles to th
47、e desired volume, and apply the cap and custodytape if required.D735307313. Procedure for Sampling Ponds and Lagoons13.1 While there are many techniques available for sam-pling ponds or lagoons, the peristaltic pump may be usefulwhen the sampling requires an average of several aliquots sincethe pump
48、 can be timed to turn on or off at specified intervals(see Guide D 6232).13.1.1 Ponds and lagoons can be sampled with a peristalticpump by the use of a boat.13.1.2 Ponds and lagoons can be sampled by dropping theintake tube into the liquid backed up behind the weir oroverflow dam.13.1.3 The intake t
49、ube can be suspended at the end of a longpole and allowed to be dipped into the pond or lagoon.13.2 The basic sampling procedure is covered in Sections 8,9, and 10.5.14. Keywords14.1 peristaltic; pump; sampling; waste streamsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject t
