1、Designation: D 7410 07Standard Practice forQualification of Cotton Classification Instruments for CottonMarketing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7410; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides two options for the qualificationof cotton classification instruments: option 1, newly inst
3、alledcotton classification instrumentation, or option 2, annual veri-fication of cotton classification instrumentation using evalua-tion cottons, trash evaluation images, and color evaluation fibersamples for the fiber measurements of micronaire reading,upper half mean length, uniformity index, brea
4、king tenacity(strength), Rd (color reflectance), +b (color yellowness), per-cent area (trash), and particle count (trash).1.2 This practice covers the technical requirements to vali-date the consistency of data reported by a cotton classificationinstrument.1.2.1 The practice can be used when new equ
5、ipment isinstalled or it can be used to perform annual verification forconsistency of reported data.1.2.2 The practice can be used to qualify cotton classifica-tion instruments using evaluation cottons, trash evaluationimages, and color evaluation fiber samples. These data can beused for fiber measu
6、rements of micronaire reading, upper halfmean length, uniformity index, strength, color reflectance, andtrash.1.3 The values stated in English units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafet
7、y concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to Tex
8、tilesD 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD 2495 Test Method for Moisture in Cotton by Oven-DryingD 7139 Terminology for Cotton Fibers2.2 Other Documents:Guidelines for HVI Testing, July 2001, United States De-partment of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural MarketingService (AMS), Cotto
9、n Program, 3275 Appling Road,Memphis TN 38133 http:/www.ams.usda.gov/cotton/cnpubs.htmUSDA The Classification of Cotton, April 2001, Agricul-tural Handbook; United States Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Marketing Service, Cotton Program, 3275Appling Road, Memphis TN 38133 http:/www.ams.usda.g
10、ov/cotton/cnpubs.htm3. Terminology3.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:3.1.1 +b (color yellowness)3.1.2 breaking tenacity (strength)3.1.3 micronaire reading3.1.4 particle count (trash)3.1.5 percent area (trash)3.1.6 rd (color reflectance)3.1.7 uniformity index3.1.8 upper half mean l
11、ength3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 color evaluation fiber samples, nas established byUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA), cottonsamples based upon USDA established standard values for Rd(color reflectance) and +b (color yellowness).3.2.2 cotton classification instrument, nan integrated in-strumen
12、t utilized for the classification of cotton that measuresmicronaire reading, upper half mean length, uniformity index,breaking tenacity (strength), Rd (color reflectance), +b (coloryellowness), percent area (trash) and particle count (trash).3.2.3 evaluation cottons, nas established by United States
13、Department of Agriculture (USDA), cottons that have estab-lished standard values for micronaire reading, upper half meanlength, uniformity index and breaking tenacity (strength).1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
14、D13.11 on Cotton Fibers.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary
15、 page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.4 micronaire-specific evaluation cottons, nas estab-lished by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA),cottons that have established standard values f
16、or micronairereading.3.2.5 trash evaluation images, nas established by UnitedStates Department of Agriculture (USDA), photographic im-ages of reference cottons with established standard values forpercent area (trash) and particle count (trash).3.3 For all terminology related to cotton fibers, see Te
17、rmi-nology D 7139.3.4 For all terminology related to textiles, see TerminologyD 123.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The cotton classification instrument shall perform aseries of tests on evaluation cottons, trash evaluation images,and color evaluation fiber samples that shall meet establishedcriteria for
18、instrument qualification.5. Significance and Use5.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide guidingprinciples for the use of evaluation cottons and evaluationsamples for the qualification of cotton classification instru-ments.5.2 The cotton classification instruments qualified under thispractice
19、shall be capable of testing the fiber properties ofmicronaire reading, upper half mean length, uniformity index,breaking tenacity (strength), Rd (color), +b (color), percentarea (trash) and particle count (trash).5.3 This practice provides guidelines for users of cottonclassification instruments to
20、perform standardized testing thatwill ensure that test results are within acceptable tolerances(see tables below) for the marketing of cotton bales.5.4 A test of the upper half mean length, uniformity indexand breaking tenacity (strength) shall consist of an average oftwo (2) specimens that are prep
21、ared by an automatic mechani-cal sampler.5.5 A test of the color and trash shall consist of an averageof four (4) measurements with a 90 degree rotation of the colorevaluation fiber samples between measurements on eachsample.5.6 The micronaire test shall consist of a single measure-ment.6. Apparatus
22、 and Materials6.1 Cotton Classification Instrument:6.1.1 The precision of measurement for each property shallbe as follows: micronaire to the nearest hundredth, upper halfmean length to the nearest thousandth, uniformity index to thenearest tenth, breaking tenacity to the nearest tenth, Rd (colorref
23、lectance) to the nearest tenth, +b (color yellowness) to thenearest hundredth, percent area (trash) to the nearest hundredthand particle count (trash) to the nearest whole number.6.2 Reference Materials:6.2.1 The evaluation cottons, micronaire-specific evaluationcottons, trash evaluation images, and
24、 color evaluation fibersamples that shall be utilized for this practice can be obtainedfrom the USDA, AMS, Cotton Programs Standardization andEngineering Branch. The contact information is providedbelow.USDA, AMS, Cotton ProgramStandardization and Engineering Branch3275 Appling Road, Room #5Memphis,
25、 TN 38133 USAhttp:/www.ams.usda.gov/cotton/phone: 901-384-3030 / fax: 901-384-30326.2.2 Evaluation CottonsA set of eight (8) evaluationcottons that represents a range in upper half mean length. Inaddition the evaluation cottons will contain a range for themeasurements of micronaire reading, uniformi
26、ty index, andbreaking tenacity.6.2.3 Color Evaluation Fiber Samples (Option 1, NewlyInstalled)A set of twelve (12) color evaluation fiber samplesthat represent a range in Rd and +b.6.2.4 Color Evaluation Fiber Samples (Option 2, AnnualVerification)A set of six (6) color evaluation fiber samplesthat
27、represent a range in Rd and +b.6.2.5 Trash Evaluation Images (Option 1, NewlyInstalled)A set of twelve (12) trash evaluation images thatrepresent a range in percent area and particle count.6.2.6 Trash Evaluation Images (Option 2, AnnualVerification)A set of six (6) trash evaluation image thatreprese
28、nt a range in percent area and particle count.7. Conditioning7.1 Condition the cotton samples a minimum of 48 hoursaccording to the temperature and relative humidity levels asspecified in Practice D 1776 (21 6 1C (70 6 2F) and65 6 2 %).7.2 Moisture content (dry basis) measured by resistancetechnique
29、 referenced to oven method Test Method D 2495 shallbe within 6.75 to 8.25 %.NOTE 1This range covers the equilibrium moisture content range forall cottons.8. Calibration8.1 The cotton classification instrument shall be calibratedusing USDA calibration materials as specified according to theinstrument
30、 manufacturer instructions.OPTION 1NEW INSTRUMENT EVALUATION9. Procedure9.1 The evaluation process for the measurements of micron-aire reading, upper half mean length, uniformity index andbreaking tenacity shall consist of testing eight evaluationcottons of varying levels. A total of eight test repl
31、ications shallbe performed on each of the eight cottons. A completeevaluation shall consist of a total of 64 tests for micronairereading, upper half mean length, uniformity index and breakingtenacity.9.2 The evaluation process for the individual measurementof micronaire shall consist of testing six
32、micronaire-specificevaluation cottons of varying levels. Eight test replicationsshall be performed on each of the six cottons for a total of 48tests.D74100729.3 The evaluation process for the color measurement shallconsist of testing twelve color evaluation fiber samples. Eighttest replications shal
33、l be performed on twelve various fibersamples for a total of 96 tests for color Rd and color +b.9.4 The evaluation process for the trash measurement shallconsist of testing twelve trash evaluation images. Eight testreplications shall be performed on twelve various images for atotal of 96 tests for t
34、rash percent area and trash particle count.9.5 The test data shall be evaluated for differences andstandard deviation tolerances for micronaire reading, upperhalf mean length, uniformity index, breaking tenacity, Rd, +b,percent area and particle count.9.5.1 The data evaluation for the measurements o
35、f micron-aire reading, upper half mean length, uniformity index, andbreaking tenacity will be done as follows:9.5.1.1 Data from the eight replication tests are used tocalculate the individual measurement averages for each of theevaluation cottons. The difference tolerances in Table 1 repre-sent the
36、allowable difference between the average measuredvalue and the standard value for each measurement of theevaluation cottons. The evaluation fails if the differencetolerances are exceeded for more than one evaluation cotton forany measurement.9.5.1.2 Data from the eight replication tests are used for
37、calculating the individual measurement standard deviations foreach of the evaluation cottons. The average standard deviationfor each measurement is calculated by using the individualstandard deviations from each of the evaluation cottons. Thestandard deviation tolerances in Table 1 represent the all
38、owableaverage standard deviations acceptable for each measurement.The evaluation fails if any average standard deviation exceedsthe standard deviation tolerances in Table 1.9.5.2 The data evaluation for the individual measurement ofmicronaire reading will be done as follows:9.5.2.1 Data from the eig
39、ht replication tests are used tocalculate the individual measurement averages for each of themicronaire-specific evaluation cottons. A failure of the micron-aire evaluation test results if any of the six average micronairemeasurements exceeds the difference tolerance in Table 2 or ifthe average stan
40、dard deviation exceeds the standard deviationtolerance provided in Table 2.9.5.3 The data evaluation for the measurements of Rd (colorreflectance) and +b (color yellowness):9.5.3.1 A failure of the color evaluation test results if any ofthe twelve average color measurements exceeds the differencetol
41、erance in Table 3 or if the average standard deviationexceeds the standard deviation tolerances provided in Table 3.9.5.4 The data evaluation for the measurements of percentarea and particle count (trash):9.5.4.1 A failure of the trash evaluation test results if any ofthe twelve average percent area
42、 measurements exceeds thedifference tolerance in Table 4. The difference tolerances inTable 4 represent an allowable percent area difference for eachimage which is determined by its measurement level.9.5.4.2 A failure of the trash evaluation test results if any ofthe twelve average particle count me
43、asurements exceeds thedifference tolerance in Table 5. The difference tolerances inTable 5 represent an allowable particle count difference foreach tile which is determined by its measurement level.OPTION 2ANNUAL VERIFICATION10. Procedure10.1 The evaluation process for the measurements of mi-cronair
44、e reading, upper half mean length, uniformity index andbreaking tenacity shall consist of testing eight evaluationcottons of varying levels. Each of the eight cottons shall betested a total of eight times.Acomplete evaluation shall consistof a total of 64 tests for micronaire reading, upper half mea
45、nlength, uniformity index and breaking tenacity.10.2 The evaluation process for the individual measurementof micronaire reading shall consist of testing six varying levelsof micronaire-specific evaluation cottons. Each of the sixcottons shall be tested eight times for a total of 48 measure-ments.10.
46、3 The evaluation process for the rd and +b (color)measurements shall consist of testing six color evaluation fibersamples. The six various fiber samples shall be tested eighttimes for a total of 48 tests for Rd and +b.10.4 The evaluation process for the percent area and particlecount (trash) measure
47、ments shall consist of testing six trashevaluation images. The six various trash evaluation imagesTABLE 1 Difference and Standard Deviation TolerancesforMicronaire Reading, Upper Half Mean Length, Uniformity Indexand Breaking TenacMeasurementsDifferenceTolerancesStandard DeviationTolerancesUpper Hal
48、f Mean Length (in.) 60.018 in. 0.0124 in.Uniformity Index (%) 61.2 % 0.84 %Breaking strength (g/tex) 61.5 g per tex 1.04 g per texMicronaire reading 60.15 reading 0.104 readingTABLE 2 Difference and Standard Deviation Tolerancesfor MicronaireMeasurementsDifferenceTolerancesStandard DeviationToleranc
49、esMicronaire reading 6 0.10 reading 0.07 readingTABLE 3 Difference and Standard Deviation Tolerances for Rdand +b MeasurementsMeasurementsDifferenceTolerancesStandard DeviationTolerancesRd (color reflectance) 61.0 % 0.74 %+b (color yellowness) 60.5 unit 0.34 unitTABLE 4 Difference Tolerances for Percent Area (Trash)Percent Area ImageMeasurement LevelsDifferenceTolerances0.00 to 0.14 60.02 %0.15 to 0.34 60.03 %0.35 to 0.54 60.05 %0.55 to 0.84 60.07 %0.85 to 1.14 60.09 %1.15 to 1.74 60.11 %1.75 to 2.24 60.14 %D7410073shall be tested eight times for a total of 48 times
