1、Designation: D7517 09 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Specification forFully-Formulated 1,3 Propanediol (PDO) Base EngineCoolant for Heavy-Duty Engines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7517; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycol base coolants
3、 for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % PDOconcentration by volume in water of suitable quality, (seeAppendix X1), or when prediluted PDO base engine coolants(50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution,they will function effectively during bot
4、h winter and summer toprovide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, andboiling.1.2 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized as follows:Coolant Type DescriptionI-FF 1,3 Propanediol base concentrateII-FF 1,3 Propanediol predilute (50 vol%)1.3 Coolant concentrates meet
5、ing this specification do notrequire any addition of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)until the first maintenance interval when a maintenance dose ofSCA is required to continue protection in certain heavy-dutyengine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinderliner-in-block design. The
6、SCA additions are defined by andare the primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer orvehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, followthe SCA suppliers instructions.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informa
7、tiononly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Ref
8、erenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In WaterD516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in WaterD1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants andAntirustsD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppresse
9、d IonChromatographyD4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related FluidsD5827 Test Method for Analysis of Engine Coolant forChloride and Other Anions by Ion ChromatographyD5828 Test Method for Compatibility of SupplementalCoolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant Concen-tratesD6130 Test Method
10、for Determination of Silicon and OtherElements in Engine Coolant by Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD7518 Specification for 1,3 Propanediol (PDO) Base EngineCoolant for Automobile and Light-Duty ServiceE394 Test Method for Iron in Trace Quantities Using the1,10-Phenanthroline M
11、ethod2.2 Other Documents3Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at103-105C3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 supplemental coolant additive (SCA), nan additiveused in conventionally inhibited heavy-duty engine coolantsrequired to maintain protection against general corrosion,cylinder line
12、r pitting, and scaling in heavy-duty engines.3.1.2 For other definitions used in this specification, refer toTerminology D4725.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.07 on Specificati
13、ons.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7517-09. DOI:10.1520/D7517-09R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua
14、l Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 1015 15th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20005.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbo
15、r Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. General Requirements4.1 Concentrated and prediluted coolants shall meet all ofthe respective requirements of Specification D7518.4.2 The coolant concentrate mixed with water or the predi-luted coolant, when maintained with main
16、tenance does of SCAin accordance with the engine manufacturersrecommendations, and those on the product label, shall besuitable for use in a properly maintained cooling system innormal service for a minimum of two years (See AppendixX1).5. Additional Requirements5.1 The coolant concentrate or predil
17、uted coolant addition-ally shall provide protection in operating engines againstcavitation corrosion (also termed liner pitting) and againstscaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typicallyare within the engine head, head spacer, upper cylinder liner, orliquid cooled exhaust manifold.
18、ASTM has test methods underdevelopment for both cavitation corrosion and hot surfacescaling. Until these procedures are approved as ASTMstandards, the mandatory requirements of Annex A1 shallapply.5.2 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shallcontain less than 50 g/g sulfate ion.6. Keywords
19、6.1 1,3-propanediol; cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant; maintenance dose; PDO; supplementalcoolant additiveANNEXA1. CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY-DUTY ENGINE COOLANTA1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat-ing a positive influence on reducing c
20、avitation corrosion in anoperating engine is required.A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single-or multiple-cylinder engine tests.At the option of the engine orvehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “looseengines (that is, engines modified to induce liner cavitation
21、)”or in engines fully integrated into an application, such as avehicle, a powerboat, or a stationary power source. One suchtest has been developed.4A1.2 Several chemical compositions have been tested ex-tensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimizecylinder liner cavitation in actual t
22、est engines. Coolants meet-ing either of the following compositions are regarded aspassing the requirements of A1.1.A1.2.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO2)of1200 g/g in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, orA1.2.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (asNO2) plus molybdate (as MoO42
23、) in the 50 volume %predilute coolant of 780 g/g. At lest 300 g/g each of NO2and MoO42must be present.A1.2.3 The above concentrations are doubled for coolanttemperature.A1.3 Chemical composition requirements for cavitationcorrosion protection will be removed from this specificationand replaced with
24、anASTM test method when a test method isdeveloped and adopted.A1.4 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under thisspecification must contain additives to minimize hot surfacescaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and othertypes) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesiumcompoun
25、ds on heat rejecting surfaces. No specific chemicalrequirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistancehave been established at this time. A test procedure is underdevelopment and will be incorporated into the specificationwhen a procedure is approved by ASTM.A1.5 Lack of compatibility betwe
26、en the coolant and SCAproducts chemistry results in chemical ingredient dropoutfrom solution, with potential adverse effects in the vehicle orengine cooling system.Atest procedure for compatibility (TestMethod D5828) has been approved and will be incorporatedinto the specification when limits are de
27、termined.4“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty EngineCavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Common-wealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 150960001.D7517 09 (2014)2APPENDIXX1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY-DUTY ENGINESX1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill
28、 for a heavy-duty engine consists of water and fully formulated heavy-dutycoolant concentrate or fully formulated prediluted heavy-dutycoolant.X1.1.1 Water:X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolantadditives. When untreated, all water is corrosive. Water havinga high mineral content or
29、 corrosive materials is unfit forcooling system use.X1.1.1.2 When preparing coolant mixtures, the watershould be of such quality that it does not contain excessivesolids, hardness salts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence ofspecific recommendations from the engine or vehiclemanufacturer, see Tab
30、le X1.1. Contact your local waterdepartment, the responsible government agency, or submit awater sample for analysis if there is a question on water quality.X1.1.2 Coolant Concentrates:X1.1.2.1 The coolant concentration should be maintainedbetween 40 and 60 % PDO by volume, depending on theengine op
31、erating environment. Freeze protection will be pro-vided in accordance with Table X1.2.X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine Coolants:X1.1.3.1 Prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume% minimum) should be used without further dilution. Ifadditional freeze protection is required, coolant concentratemay be
32、 added to the prediluted engine coolant to increase thetotal glycol content in the cooling system (see Table X1.2).X1.1.4 Supplemental Coolant Additive:X1.1.4.1 SCAs extend the life of the coolant by replenishingthe additives that deplete during normal operation. SCAs,however, do not extend the free
33、ze protection provided by thecoolant concentrate.X1.1.4.2 Heavy-duty engine users experience has shownthat compositions below those defined in A1.2 may not providelong-term protection against cavitation corrosion (liner pit-ting). User experience and published information shows thepresence of nitrit
34、e in an SCA or fully-formulated heavy-dutycoolant is particularly effective in providing maximum protec-tion.X1.1.4.3 New technology consisting of other chemistriesmay provide satisfactory protection. Such chemistries can beestablished by agreement between producers and users upondemonstration of pe
35、rformance. Such demonstrations can con-sist of comparative laboratory cavitation tests or comparativedamage rating from testing in operating engines. One or bothof these options may be applied as determined in a specificagreement between parties. An engine test has been devel-oped.4X1.2 Coolant Main
36、tenance Recommendations:X1.2.1 If any of the following recommendations differ,follow the engine or vehicle manufacturers recommendations.X1.2.2 Use the coolant concentration recommended in thisspecification.X1.2.3 Drain and flush the cooling system as recommendedby the engine or vehicle manufacturer
37、.X1.2.4 Use water that meets the requirement of Table X1.1.X1.2.5 Use accurate, reliable equipment, such as arefractometer, to measure coolant concentrate levels for freezeprotection.X1.2.6 Use the SCA manufacturers recommended test kitwhen testing the coolant for proper additive concentration. Test
38、kits shall indicate the degree of liner pitting protection presentin the coolant.X1.2.7 Check freezing point at two different levels whencoolant concentrate and water is premixed and stored in bulk ordrums to be sure mixing is complete before use.X1.2.8 Use coolant mixed at the desired proportions f
39、ormake-up.X1.2.9 Use SCAs at the recommended maintenance dosageand intervals to control deposits, corrosion, water pumpdamage, and liner pitting.X1.2.10 Periodically check bulk premixed coolant storagetanks for separation of chemicals and contamination.X1.2.11 DO NOT add undiluted coolant concentrat
40、e asmake-up coolant for coolant Types I-FF and II-FF.X1.2.12 DO NOT add plain water as make-up coolant.X1.2.13 DO NOT exceed 60 % coolant concentrate in TypeI-FF and Type II-FF coolants. The maximum recommendedcoolant concentrate level is 60 % which provides the freezeprotection shown in X1.1.2.X1.2
41、.14 DO NOT exceed the manufacturers recommendeddosage of SCA or the recommended concentration of coolantTABLE X1.1 Suggested Water Quality LimitsAProperty Specific Values Test MethodTotal solids, g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 340 (20) max Federal Method2540BTotal hardness, g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 170 (10) max
42、 D6130, D1126Chloride (Cl), g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 40 (2.4) max D5827, D512,D4327Sulfate (SO4), g/g (ppm, grains/gal) 100 (5.9) max D5827, D516,D4327pH 5.5 9.00 D1287, D1293Iron (Fe), g/g (ppm, gal) 1.0 (0.6) max D6130, E394AAdopted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.TABLE X1.2 Freeze
43、ProtectionApproximate Freeze Protection Temperature, C (F)Glycol Content, % Coolant TypeI-FF40 18 (1)50 28 (18)60 44 (47)D7517 09 (2014)3concentrate. Over-concentration can result in pluggedradiators, heater cores, and charge air coolers and can alsocause water pump seal leaks.X1.2.15 DO NOT reuse c
44、oolant that has been drained froma vehicle.X1.2.16 DO NOT precharge the cooling system with SCAwhen using fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant.X1.2.17 DO NOT use soluble oil additives.X1.2.18 DO NOT use methyl alcohol or methoxypropanolbase coolant concentrates.X1.2.19 DO NOT use anti-leak add
45、itives if engine coolingsystem is equipped with a coolant filter, as this may plug thefilter element. For all other cooling systems, follow therecommendations of the engine or vehicle manufacturer.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectio
46、n with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible
47、technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consid
48、eration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Bar
49、r Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D7517 09 (2014)4
