1、Designation: D7518 10 (Reapproved 2015)1Standard Specification for1,3 Propanediol (PDO) Base Engine Coolant for Automobileand Light-Duty Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7518; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTECaution statement in X1.5 was changed to a Warning statement editorially in June 2015.1. Sco
3、pe*1.1 This specification covers the requirements for 1,3 pro-panediol base engine coolants used in automobiles or otherlight-duty service cooling systems.When concentrates are usedat 40 to 70 % concentration by volume in water, or whenprediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % mini-mum) ar
4、e used without further dilution, they will functioneffectively to provide protection against freezing, boiling, andcorrosion.1.2 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized as follows:Coolant Type DescriptionI 1,3 Propanediol base concentrateII 1,3 Propanediol predilute (50 vol %)NO
5、TE 1This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients.NOTE 2This specification applies to automobiles and light-dutyservice. A specification for heavy-duty engine service is under develop-ment.1.3 The values stated in SI units
6、 are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pract
7、ices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In WaterD516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in WaterD1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of EngineCoolantsD1120 Test Method for Boiling Point o
8、f Engine CoolantsD1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Cool-ants and AntirustsD1122 Test Method for Density or Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants ByTheHydrometerD1123 Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concen-trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent Method
9、D1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous EngineCoolantsD1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants andAntirustsD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolantsin GlasswareD1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies
10、of EngineCoolants in GlasswareD1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System ChemicalSolutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive VehiclesD2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testingof Engine CoolantsD2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics of Alu
11、minum Pumps With En-gine CoolantsD3321 Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for FieldTest Determination of the Freezing Point of AqueousEngine CoolantsD3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine Cool-antsD4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed IonChromatographyD4340 Test Metho
12、d for Corrosion of CastAluminumAlloysin Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting ConditionsD4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related FluidsD5827 Test Method for Analysis of Engine Coolant forChloride and Other Anions by Ion Chromatography1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commi
13、ttee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.07 on Specifications.Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7518 10. DOI:10.1520/D7518-10R15E01.2For referenced
14、 ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright A
15、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D5931 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Cool-ants by Digital Density MeterD6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and OtherElement
16、s in Engine Coolant by Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD6660 Test Method for Freezing Point ofAqueous EthyleneGlycol Base Engine Coolants by Automatic Phase Tran-sition MethodD7388 Specification for Engine Coolant Grade 1,3-Propanediol (PDO)E29 Practice for Using Significant Di
17、gits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE394 Test Method for Iron in Trace Quantities Using the1,10-Phenanthroline Method2.2 Other Document:3Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at103105C3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 PDO base engine coolant, nan engine coolant
18、 inwhich the freeze point depressant is 1,3 propylene, withinhibitors to minimize foaming and corrosion.3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology D4725.4. General Requirements4.1 Engine coolant concentrates or prediluted PDO baseengine coolants shall be for
19、mulated with 1,3 propanediolmeeting Specification D7388, water, and suitable corrosioninhibitors, dye, and a foam suppressor.4.2 PDO base engine coolant concentrates (Type I) may notcontain ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol,tetraethylene glycol. Similarly, prediulted PDO base co
20、olants(Type II) may not contain ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol.4.3 All engine coolant concentrates or prediluted PDO baseengine coolants shall conform to the general requirementsgiven in Table 1.4.4 Prediluted PDO (Type II) base engine coolants shall befo
21、rmulated using water that meets the following requirements:Property Specific Values ASTM Test MethodChlorides, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 25 (1.5) max D512, D4327, D5827Sulfate, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 50 (3.0) max D516, D4327, D5827Hardness, as CaCo3, g/g(ppm (grains/gal)20 (1.2) max D1126, D6130pH 5.5 to
22、 8.5 D1287, D1293Iron, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 1.0 (0.06) max D6130, E394NOTE 3Prediluted coolants are intended for direct addition to anengine-cooling system with no further dilution. However, if circumstancesrequire addition and prediluted aqueous engine coolant is no available, usethe appropriate e
23、ngine-coolant concentrate (Type I) diluted to 50 volume% with water of at least the quality outlined in Table X1.1.4.5 When diluting engine-coolant concentrates for actualservice, the water should be of such quality that it does notcontain excessive solids, hardness salts, or chlorides. In theabsenc
24、e of specific recommendations from the engine orvehicle manufacturers, see Appendix X1,orTable X1.1.Ifsuch water is not available, use deionized (demineralized) ordistilled water. This procedure will minimize the formation ofhard-water scale and avoid the introduction of mineralcomponents, such as c
25、hlorides and sulfates, which can increasethe corrosion rate of aluminum and iron.4.6 When installed in accordance with the vehicle manufac-turers recommendations and those on the product label, enginecoolant concentrates or prediluted glycol-base engine coolantsshall be suitable for use in a properl
26、y maintained coolingsystem (X1.1) in normal light-duty service for a minimum ofone year without adversely affecting fluid flow and heattransfer.5. Detailed Requirements5.1 Glycol-base coolant concentrates and prediluted cool-ants shall conform to the physical and chemical requirementsprescribed in T
27、able 2 depending on coolant type (see 1.2).5.2 The requirements listed in Table 2 for prediluted coolant(Type II) are prescribed for the coolant as packaged, withoutfurther dilution or adjustment.5.3 All coolant concentrates and prediluted coolants shallconform to the performance requirements listed
28、 in Table 3.5.4 Coolant concentrates shall be diluted for performancetesting as described in the individual ASTM test methods.5.5 If necessary, the freezing point of prediluted coolantsshall be adjusted with deionized water before proceeding withperformance testing. The freezing point of prediluted
29、PDObase coolants (Type II) shall be 27.8C (18.0F).5.6 Adjusted, prediluted engine-coolant performance testsolutions shall be prepared as described in Table 3, FootnotesB through F.6. Keywords6.1 1,3-propanediol; engine coolant; engine coolant concen-trate; light-duty engine coolant; PDO; prediluted
30、enginecoolant3Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 801 I Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.apha.org.TABLE 1 General RequirementsProperty Specific Values ASTM Test MethodColor Distinctive .Effect on nonmetals No adverse effe
31、ct under considerationD7518 10 (2015)12TABLE 2 Physical and Chemical RequirementsPropertyType I Type IIASTM TestMethodRelative density, 15.5/15.5C (60/60F)1.050 to 1.065 1.025 min D1122, D5931Freezing point,AC (F):50 vol % in DI water27.8 (18.0) max D1177, D6660Undiluted 27.8 (18.0)maxBoiling pointB
32、C (F): D112050 vol % in DI water 102 (215) minUndiluted 180 (356) min 102 (215) minAsh content, mass % 5 max D1119pH: D128750 vol % in DI water 7.5 to 11Undiluted 7.5to11Chloride, g.g 25 max 25 max D3634C,D5827CWater, mass % 5 max not applicable D1123Reserve alkalinity, mL reportDreportDD1121Effect
33、on automobile finish(use clear coat thermoseturethane or acrylic ure-thane finish)no effect no effect D1882EAFor purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressingthe specification limi
34、t, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.BSome precipitate may be observed at the end of the test. This should not be cause for rejection.CIn case of dispute, Test Method D3634 shall be the preferred test method.DValue as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.ECurrently,
35、 many vehicle manufacturers prepare test panels using the specific paint finishes employed on their actual products. Coolant suppliers and vehiclemanufacturers should agree on the exact test procedures and acceptance criteria on an individual basis.TABLE 3 Performance RequirementsAPropertySpecific V
36、alues ASTM Test MethodTest Solution Concentration,vol % GlycolCorrosion in glassware D1384B33Weight loss, mg/specimencoppersolderbrasssteelcast ironaluminum10 max30 max10 max10 max10 max30 maxSimulated service testWeight loss, mg/specimencoppersolderbrasssteelcast ironaluminum20 max60 max20 max20 ma
37、x20 max60 maxD2570C44Corrosion of Cast Aluminum Alloys at Heat-Rejecting Surfaces, mg/cm2/week 1.0 max D4340D25FoamingVolume, mLBreak time, s150 max5 maxD1881E33Cavitation-ErosionRating for pitting, cavitation, and erosion of the water pump8min D2809F17AFor engine-coolant concentrates, test solution
38、s shall be prepared in accordance with the directions provided in the individual ASTM test methods noted. For predilutedengine coolants, prepare test solutions using the directions provided in footnotes B through F.BFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 67 volume % of the adju
39、sted (see 4.6) prediluted product with 33 volume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 99 mg of sodium sulfate, 110 mg of sodium chloride, and 92 mg of sodium bicarbonate per litre of test solution.CFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 88 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.6) predilu
40、ted product with 12 volume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 83 mg of sodium sulfate, 92 mg of sodium chloride, and 77 mg of sodium bicarbonate per litre of test solution.DFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 50 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.6) prediluted product with 50 vol
41、ume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 165 mg of sodium chloride per litre of test solution.EFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solution by mixing 67 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.6) prediluted product with 33 volume % ASTM Type II reagent water.FFor prediluted coolants, prepare the test solu
42、tion by mixing 33 volume % of the adjusted (see 4.6) prediluted product with 67 volume % ASTM Type IV reagent water.Add 123 mg of sodium sulfate, 137 mg of sodium chloride, and 115 mg of sodium bicarbonate per litre of test solution.D7518 10 (2015)13APPENDIXESX1. COOLANT SYSTEM MAINTENANCEX1.1 Filli
43、ng the Cooling System:X1.1.1 Before installing engine coolant, the cooling systemshould be inspected and necessary service work completed.X1.1.2 Cooling system fill should consist of coolant con-centrate and water or prediluted glycol-base engine coolant (50volume % minimum).X1.1.3 When preparing so
44、lutions, the water should be ofsuch quality that it does not contain excessive solids, hardnesssalts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence of specific recom-mendations from the engine or vehicle manufacturer, see TableX1.1. Contact your local water department, the responsiblegovernment agency, or
45、submit a water sample for analysis, ifthere is a question on water quality.X1.1.4 The recommneded coolant concentration is 40 to70 %.X1.2 Essential Cooling System Service:X1.2.1 Check coolant concentration (freeze point). Themost accurate and preferred means of determining coolantconcentration is by
46、 the refractometer (see X2.1 and TableX2.1).X1.2.2 Check coolant level and condition. Replace coolantat service intervals recommended by the engine manufacturer,vehicle manufacturer, or designated service organization. Fol-low recommended practices.X1.2.3 Pressure test system for leaks (preferably w
47、hencold).X1.2.4 Test pressure cap and inspect radiator filler neck.X1.2.5 Inspect hoses and tighten hose connections.X1.2.6 Inspect drive belts and check for proper tension.X1.2.7 Test thermostat if the engine is running too hot or toocold. Replace with a thermostat recommended by the manu-facturer.
48、X1.3 Premix coolant concentrate and water before adding tothe cooling system.X1.4 When preparing additions or when replacing thecoolant in the engine system, use only clean, low mineralcontent water. Table X1.1 provides suggestions for properwater quality limits.X1.5 (WarningDo not remove the radiat
49、or pressure capwhen the engine is hot. The cooling system will likely be underpressure. When the engine has cooled, carefully turn to the firstnotch to vent the system pressure, and then remove. If coolantoverflows when the cup is vented, immediately retighten andpermit the system to cool further.)TABLE X1.1 Suggested Water Quality LimitsAProperty Specific Values ASTM Test MethodTotal solids, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 340 (20) max Federal Method2540BTotal hardness, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 170 (10) max D1126, D6130Chlorides, g/g (ppm (grains/gal)
