1、Designation: D7583 09Standard Test Method forJohn Deere Coolant Cavitation Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7583; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren
2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the JohnDeere Cavitation Test.2The test method defines a heavy-dutydiesel engine to evaluate coolant prote
3、ction as related tocylinder liner pitting caused by cavitation.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parenthesis are for informationonly. The only exception is where there is no direct SIequivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diamet
4、ers, and tubing sizes.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior
5、to use. See Annex A1 forgeneral safety precautions.1.4 Table of Contents:Scope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6Test Engine Configuration 6.1Test Engine 6.1.1Test Stand Configuration 6.2Engine Mounting 6.2.1Intake Air System 6.2.2Aftercoole
6、r 6.2.3Exhaust System 6.2.4Fuel System 6.2.5Coolant System 6.2.6Oil System 6.2.7Oil Volume 6.2.7.1Pressurized Oil Fill System 6.2.7.2External Oil System 6.2.7.3Oil Sample Valve Location 6.2.7.4Unacceptable Oil System Materials 6.2.7.5Crankcase Aspiration 6.3Blowby Rate 6.4System Time Responses 6.5Cl
7、earance Measurements 6.6Engine and Cleaning Fluids 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Test Coolant 7.3Solvent 7.4Preparation of Apparatus 8Cleaning of Parts 8.1General 8.1.1Engine Block 8.1.2Cylinder Head 8.1.31This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and is the di
8、rect responsibility of Subcommittee D15.11 on Heavy DutyCoolants.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published July 2010. DOI: 10.1520/D7583-09.2American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting thevalidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
9、in thisstandard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of thevalidity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, areentirely their own responsibility.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
10、2959, United States.Rocker Cover and Oil Pan 8.1.4External Oil System 8.1.5Rod Bearing Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.6Ring Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.7Injector Nozzle 8.1.8Pistons 8.1.9Engine Assembly 8.2General 8.2.1Parts Reuse and Replacement 8.2.2Build-Up Oil 8.2.3Coolant Thermostat 8.2.4Fuel In
11、jectors 8.2.5New Parts 8.2.6Operational Measurements 8.3Units and Formats 8.3.1Instrumentation Calibration 8.3.2Fuel Consumption Rate Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.1Temperature Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.2Pressure Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.3Temperatures 8.3.3Measurement Location 8.3.3.1Coolan
12、t Out Temperature 8.3.3.2Coolant In Temperature 8.3.3.3Fuel In Temperature 8.3.3.4Oil Gallery Temperature 8.3.3.5Intake Air Temperature 8.3.3.6Intake Air after Compressor Temperature 8.3.3.7Intake Manifold Temperature 8.3.3.8Exhaust Temperature 8.3.3.9Exhaust after Turbo Temperature 8.3.3.10Addition
13、al Temperatures 8.3.3.11Pressures 8.3.4Measurement Location and Equipment 8.3.4.1Condensation Trap 8.3.4.2Coolant Pressure 8.3.4.3Fuel Pressure 8.3.4.4Oil Gallery Pressure 8.3.4.5Intake Air Pressure 8.3.4.6Intake Air after Compressor Pressure 8.3.4.7Intake Manifold Pressure 8.3.4.8Exhaust after Turb
14、o Pressure 8.3.4.9Crankcase Pressure 8.3.4.10Additional Pressures 8.3.4.11Flow Rates 8.3.5Flow Rate Location and Measurement Equipment 8.3.5.1Blowby 8.3.5.2Fuel Flow 8.3.5.3Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference CoolantTests9General 9.1New Test Stand 9.2New Test Stand Calibration 9.2.1Stand Cali
15、bration Period 9.3Stand Modification and Calibration Status 9.4Test Numbering System 9.5General 9.5.1Reference Coolant Tests 9.5.2Non-Reference Coolant Tests 9.5.3Reference Coolant Test Acceptance 9.6Reference Coolant Accountability 9.7Last Start Date 9.8Donated Reference Coolant Test Programs 9.9Ad
16、justments to Reference Coolant Calibration Periods 9.10Procedure Development 9.10.1Parts and Fuel Shortages 9.10.2Reference Coolant Test Data Flow 9.10.3Special Use of The Reference Coolant Calibration Sys-tem9.10.4Procedure 10Engine Installation and Stand Connections 10.1Break-in 10.2Coolant System
17、 Fill for Break-in 10.2.1Oil Fill for Break-in 10.2.2Engine Build Committed 10.2.3Break-in Conditions 10.2.4Shutdown during Break-in 10.2.5250-Hour Test Procedure 10.3Coolant System Fill for Test 10.3.1Zero-Hour Coolant Sample 10.3.1.1Oil Fill for Test 10.3.2Zero-Hour Oil Sample 10.3.2.1Warm-Up 10.3
18、.3Warm-up Conditions 10.3.3.1Shutdown during Warm-up 10.3.3.220-Hour Steady State Extended Break-in 10.3.420-Hour Steady State Extended Break-in Conditions 10.3.4.1Shutdown during 20-Hour Extended Break-in 10.3.4.2230-Hour Cyclic 10.4230-Hour Cyclic Conditions 10.4.1Shutdown during 230-Hour Cyclic 1
19、0.4.2Shutdown and Maintenance 10.5Normal Shutdown 10.5.1Emergency Shutdown 10.5.2Maintenance 10.5.3Downtime 10.5.4Operating conditions 10.6Stage Transition Times 10.6.1Test Timer 10.6.2Operational Data Acquisition 10.6.3Operational Data Reporting 10.6.4Coolant Sampling 10.6.5Oil Sampling 10.6.6End o
20、f Test (EOT) 10.7Shutdown 10.7.1Oil Drain 10.7.2Coolant Drain 10.7.3Engine Disassembly 10.7.4Calculations, Ratings and Test Validity 11Liner Pit Count 11.1Coolant Analysis 11.2Oil Analyses 11.3Assessment of Operational Validity 11.4Report 12Report Forms 12.1Reference Coolant Test 12.2Electronic Tran
21、smission of Test Results 12.3Precision and Bias 13Precision 13.1Intermediate Precision Conditions 13.1.1Intermediate Precision Limit 13.1.2Reproducibility Conditions 13.2Reproducibility Limit 13.2.1Bias 13.3Keywords 14AnnexesSafety Precautions Annex A1Intake Air Aftercooler Annex A2Engine Build Part
22、s Kit Annex A3Sensor Locations, Special Hardware, and Engine BlockModificationsAnnex A4Fuel Specifications Annex A5John Deere Service Publications Annex A6Specified Units and Formats Annex A7Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8Coolant Analysis Annex A9Oil Analysis Annex A10Determination of Oper
23、ational Validity Annex A11Typical System Configurations Appendix X12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup Tester3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
24、 website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.D7583 092D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper f
25、rom Pe-troleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liqui
26、ds (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD976 Test
27、 Method for Calculated Cetane Index of DistillateFuelsD1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Cool-ants and AntirustsD1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous EngineCoolantsD1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-rustsD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPet
28、roleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of DistillateFuel Oil (Accelerated Method)D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD270
29、9 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by CentrifugeD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4485 Specification for Performance of Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by FourVariable EquationD5185
30、 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-ments, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricat-ing Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in BaseOils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic EmissionSpectrometry (ICP-AES)D5302 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition
31、 of Deposit Formation and Wear in aSpark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled withGasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions4D5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID)4D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Eng
32、ine Oils inT-8 Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE202 Test Methods for Analysis of Ethylene Glycols andPropylene GlycolsE344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-etry3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind refer
33、ence coolant, na reference coolant, theidentity of which is unknown by the test facility.3.1.2 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, the com-bustion products and unburned air-and-fuel mixture that enterthe crankcase. D53023.1.3 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output ofa measuring devic
34、e with respect to that of a standard. E3443.1.4 heavy-duty, adjin internal combustion engine op-eration, characterized by average speed, power output, andinternal temperatures that are close to the potential maximum.D44853.1.5 heavy-duty engine, nin internal combustion en-gines, one that is designed
35、 to allow operation continuously ator close to its peak output. D44853.1.6 non-reference coolant, nany coolant other than areference coolant, such as a research formulation, commercialcoolant or candidate coolant. D58443.1.7 non-standard test, na test that is not conducted inconformance with the req
36、uirements in the standard testmethod; such as running in an non-calibrated test stand orusing different test equipment, applying different equipmentassembly procedures, or using modified operating conditions.D58443.1.8 reference coolant, na coolant of known perfor-mance characteristics, used as a ba
37、sis for comparison.3.1.9 test coolant, nany coolant subjected to evaluation inan established procedure.3.1.10 wear, nthe loss of material from, or relocation ofmaterial on, a surface.3.1.10.1 DiscussionWear generally occurs between twosurfaces moving relative to each other, and is the result ofmecha
38、nical or chemical action or by a combination of me-chanical and chemical actions. D53023.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 cylinder liner, nin internal combustion engines, thereplaceable cylinders in which the pistons move up and downand combustion takes place.3.2.2 overhead, ni
39、n internal combustion engines, thecomponents of the valve train located in or above the cylinderhead.3.2.3 valve train, nin internal combustion engines, theseries of components, such as valves, crossheads, rocker arms,push rods and camshaft, that open and close the intake andexhaust valves.4. Summar
40、y of Test Method4.1 This test engine is a John Deere six-cylinder 10.1 L(6101H). Test operation includes a 19-min engine break-in, a20-h coolant break-in, and 230-h in five cyclic steps.4.2 Prior to each test, the engine is cleaned and assembledwith new cylinder liners and gaskets.4Withdrawn. The la
41、st approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.D7583 0934.3 The test stand is equipped with the appropriate instru-mentation to control engine speed, fuel flow, and other oper-ating parameters.4.4 Coolant performance is characterized by determiningthe total liner pit co
42、unt area.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the abilityof a heavy-duty diesel engine coolant to provide protectionagainst damage resulting from a phenomenon known ascylinder liner cavitation corrosion.5.2 This test method may be used for engine coolantspecification
43、 acceptance when all details of this test method arein compliance.5.3 The design of the engine used in this test method is aproduction OEM diesel engine modified to consistently pro-duce the operating conditions that accelerate damage fromcylinder liner cavitation. This factor, along with the accele
44、ratedoperating conditions needs to be considered when extrapolat-ing test results.6. Apparatus6.1 Test Engine Configuration:6.1.1 Test EngineThe John Deere 6101H is an inlinesix-cylinder heavy duty diesel engine with 10.1 L of displace-ment and is turbocharged and aftercooled. The engine has anoverh
45、ead valve configuration. It features mechanical control offuel metering and fuel injection timing.6.1.2 Oil Pan ModificationModify the oil pan as shown inFig. A4.9.6.2 Test Stand Configuration:6.2.1 Engine MountingInstall the engine so that it isupright and the crankshaft is horizontal.6.2.1.1 The e
46、ngine mounting hardware should be configuredto minimize block distortion when the engine is fastened to themounts. Excessive block distortion may influence test results.6.2.2 Intake Air SystemWith the exception of the intakeair tube, the intake air system is not specified. A typicalconfiguration is
47、shown in Fig. X1.1. The air filter should betypical of air filters used for engines in heavy-duty applica-tions. Install the intake air tube (Fig. A4.2) near the intake ofthe turbocharger compressor. The system shall allow control ofapplicable parameters listed in Table 1.6.2.3 AftercoolerUse a Modi
48、ne aftercooler. Instructionsfor obtaining the correct aftercooler are listed in A2.1.NOTE 1Difficulty in achieving or maintaining intake manifold pres-sure or intake manifold temperature, or both, may be indicative ofinsufficient or excessive restriction.6.2.4 Exhaust SystemInstall the exhaust tube
49、(Fig. A4.7)near the discharge flange of the turbocharger turbine housing.The piping downstream of the exhaust tube is not specified. Amethod to control exhaust pressure is required.6.2.5 Fuel SystemThe fuel supply and filtration system isnot specified. A typical configuration is shown in Fig. X1.2.The fuel consumption rate is determined by measuring the rateof fuel flowing into the day tank. A method to control the fueltemperature is required.6.2.6 Coolant SystemThe system configuration is notspecified.Atypical configuration consists of a non-ferrous coreheat
