1、Designation: D7670 10 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Practice forProcessing In-service Fluid Samples for ParticulateContamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7670; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopt
2、ion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the processing of in-service fluidsin preparation fo
3、r particulate contamination analysis usingmembrane filters and is limited only by the liquid-to-membranefilter compatibility.1.2 The practice covers the procedure for filtering a mea-sured volume of liquid through a membrane filter. When thispractice is used, the particulate matter will be randomlyd
4、istributed on the filter surface for subsequent contaminationanalysis methods.1.3 The practice describes procedures to allow handlingparticles in the size range between 2 m and 1000 m withminimum losses during handling.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units o
5、f measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the Wo
6、rld Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D1078 Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Or-ganic LiquidsD1193 Specification for Reage
7、nt WaterD1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Sol-vents for Use in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and RelatedProductsD1836 Specification for Commercial HexanesD2021 Specification for Neutral Detergent, 40 PercentAlky-lbenzene Sulfonate Type (Withdrawn 2000)3F312 Test Methods for Microscopic
8、al Sizing and CountingParticles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 filtered liquid dispenser, nas used in this practice, adispenser capable of delivering rinse liquid through a filter withpore size no larger than half the size of the smallest particlebeing c
9、onsidered for measurement.3.1.2 filter patch test, npreparation of a sample by mem-brane filtration, as described in this practice, is often referred toas a patch test, or a filter patch test.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice provides for the processing of liquidsamples. It will provide the o
10、ptimum sample processing forvisual contamination methods such as Test Methods F312.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Filtration Funnel.5.2 Membrane Filter SupportEither a fritted-glass,sintered-metal, polyphenyl-sulfone, or stainless steel screenmay be used. The support shall be so designed as to enable
11、attachment to a vacuum flask.5.3 Vacuum Flask.5.4 Funnel-Holding DeviceA provision should be madefor the dissipation of static electricity from the funnel.5.5 Clean Bench or HoodSupplied with unidirectionalflow filtered air in which uncovered components may beplaced.1This practice is under the juris
12、diction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.96.06 on Practices and Techniques for Prediction and Determination ofMicroscopic Wear and Wear-related Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published Jul
13、y 2017. Originally approvedin 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7670 10. DOI: 10.1520/D7670-10R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the
14、 standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accord
15、ance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.6 Vacuum SourceMinimum vacuum g
16、auge reading of61 kPa (or other metric units acceptable to ASTM).5.7 ForcepsUnserrated tips.5.8 Filtered Liquid Dispenser.5.9 Membrane FilterPore size no greater than half the sizeof the smallest particle being considered for measurement.5.10 Petri DishesGlass. Plastic petri dishes may be usedonly i
17、f the selected plastic is known to be compatible with thefiltered liquid.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical R
18、eagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.4Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.6.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicate
19、d, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Specification D1193, Type III or clearer.6.3 DetergentFree-rinsing. Material conforming to Speci-fication D2021 is suitable.6.4 Isopropyl AlcoholAcetone-free.56.5 SolventConforming to the following requirements(Note 1):6.5.
20、1 Distillation RangeInitial boiling point 27 C min;dry point 71 C max, as determined in accordance with TestMethod D1078.6.5.2 API Gravity70 deg min, as determined in accor-dance with Test Method D287.6.5.3 Residue, 0.004 g 100 mL max, as determined in ac-cordance with Test Method D1353.NOTE 1Commer
21、cial hexanes conforming to Specification D1836meet this requirement.6.6 Rinse LiquidThis liquid shall be specified by the userand shall be compatible with the sample liquid, plastic film,and the membrane filter.7. Preparation of Apparatus7.1 Wash the apparatus thoroughly in a solution of liquiddeter
22、gent and hot water and rinse with hot tap water (Note 2).Rinse with filtered isopropyl alcohol to remove the water; thenrinse twice with filtered solvent.NOTE 2Distilled or deionized water shall be used in areas wherehardness or contamination increase the blank count over the allowablelevel.7.2 Samp
23、le Bottle PreparationRepeat the procedure of 7.1for both the sample bottles and caps, then allow them to dripdry. Place a piece of plastic film that has been rinsed withfiltered liquid over the mouth of the bottle. Hold the film whilescrewing on the cap to prevent the film from rotating.NOTE 3It is
24、important to hold the film when applying and removingthe cap to prevent serration.8. Procedure8.1 Filter Preparation:8.1.1 Remove a membrane from the container and rinsewith filtered liquid. Place the membrane on the support, lowerthe funnel, and secure with the holding device. Cover thefunnel.8.1.2
25、 Place an amount of filtered liquid equal to the amountof fluid used in the routine sample filtration in a sample bottleand agitate. Remove the cover and pour the contents of thebottle into the funnel. Place approximately 50 mL of rinseliquid into the bottle and agitate. Pour rinse liquid into thefu
26、nnel and cover.8.1.3 Turn on the vacuum and allow the liquid to filter untilapproximately one third remains. Lift the cover and carefullywash down the funnel walls with rinse liquid (Note 4). Replacethe cover and filter until the membrane is dry. Remove theholding device and funnel (see Notes 5 and
27、6), then turn off thevacuum immediately. Remove the membrane using the forcepsand place it in a petri dish. Label the petri dish giving thesample volume and identification. The filter is now ready forparticulate contamination analysis.NOTE 4When the fluid filtration rate is excessive, the vacuum sho
28、uldbe released to allow adequate rinsing of the funnel walls.NOTE 5Do not slide the funnel during this operation.NOTE 6When filtration is completed the rate of repressurization shallbe such that no fluid agitation shall occur that could re-wet the filtermembrane.9. Keywords9.1 filter patch test; fil
29、tration; liquid sample handling; mem-brane filters; particulate contamination; patch test; vacuumfiltration4Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, se
30、e Annual Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.5Material conforming to USP XVII, 1965, p. 995 is suitable.D7670 10 (2017)2ASTM International takes no positio
31、n respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
32、This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM I
33、nternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address sho
34、wn below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 10 (2017)3
