1、Designation: D7715 11Standard Specification forFully-Formulated Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycerin base coolants for cooling systems ofheavy
3、-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 %glycerin concentration by volume in water of suitable quality(see Appendix X1), or when prediluted glycerin base enginecoolants (50 volume % min) are used without further dilution,they will function effectively during both winter and summer topr
4、ovide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, andboiling.1.2 This specification is intended to cover the requirementsfor engine coolants prepared from virgin glycerin.NOTE 1This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ing
5、redients thatcomply with Specification D7640.1.3 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized as follows:Coolant Type DescriptionV-FF Glycerin base concentrateVI-FF Glycerin predilute (50 vol %)1.4 Coolant concentrates meeting this specification do notrequire addition of supplemental
6、 coolant additive (SCA) untilthe first maintenance interval when a maintenance dose of SCAis required to continue protection in certain heavy duty enginecooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are theprimary responsibility o
7、f the engine manufacturer or vehiclemanufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCAsuppliers instructions.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesaf
8、ety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1126 Test Method for Hardness
9、in WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant forAutomobile and Light-Duty ServiceD3321 Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for FieldTest Determination of the Freezing Point of AqueousEngine CoolantsD4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppress
10、ed IonChromatographyD4725 Terminology for Engine CoolantsD5828 Test Method for Compatibility of SupplementalCoolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant Concen-tratesD6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and OtherElements in Engine Coolant by Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission Spectro
11、scopyD7583 Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation TestD7640 Specification for Engine Coolant Grade GlycerinE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 Other Standards:3Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 103- 105C3. Te
12、rminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 supplemental coolant additive (SCA), nadditiveused in conventionally inhibited heavy duty engine coolantsrequired to maintain protection against general corrosion,cylinder liner pitting, and scaling in heavy duty engines.3.1.2 glycerin base engine coolant , nengine coo
13、lant inwhich the freeze point depressant is 1,2,3 propane triol, withinhibitors to minimize foaming and corrosion.3.1.3 For other definitions and terms used in this specifica-tion, refer to Terminology D4725.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Rel
14、ated Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.93 on Research and Long Range Planning.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. DOI:10.1520/D7715-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service
15、astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 1015 15th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20005.1Copyright ASTM Internati
16、onal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. General Requirements4.1 Concentrated and prediluted coolants shall meet all ofthe physical, chemical and performance requirements of Speci-fication D7640, Tables 1, 2, and 3.4.2 The coolant concentrate mixed
17、 with water or the predi-luted coolant, when maintained with maintenance doses ofSCA in accordance with the engine manufacturers recommen-dations, and those on the product label, shall be suitable for usein a properly maintained cooling system in normal service fora minimum of two years (see Appendi
18、x X1).5. Additional Requirements5.1 The coolant concentrate or prediluted coolant addition-ally shall provide protection in operating engines againstcavitation corrosion (also termed liner pitting) and againstscaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typicallyare within the engine head,
19、head spacer, upper cylinder liner, orliquid cooled exhaust manifold. Test methods for cavitationcorrosion and hot surface scaling are under development byASTM Committee D15. Until these procedures are approved,the mandatory requirements of Annex A1 shall apply.5.2 Lack of compatibility between the c
20、oolant and SCAproducts chemistry may cause the solute to precipitate out ofsolution, with potential adverse effects in the vehicle or enginecooling system. A test procedure for compatibility (TestMethod D5828) has been developed and approved. The com-patibility of SCA and coolant concentrate solutio
21、ns meetingthis specification shall be determined using (Test MethodD5828) and the results reported.5.3 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shallcontain less than 50 g/g sulfate ion.6. Keywords6.1 cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant;glycerin; supplemental coolant additive
22、 maintenance doseANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY DUTY ENGINE COOLANTA1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat-ing a positive influence on reducing cavitation corrosion in anoperating engine is required (see Table A1.1).A1.1.1 In-service qualific
23、ation tests may consist of single-or multiple-cylinder engine tests.At the option of the engine orvehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “looseengines” or in engines fully integrated into an application, suchas a vehicle, a power boat, or a stationary power source. Onesuch test has b
24、een developed.4A1.1.2 Coolants that have completed Test Method D7583with a maximum pit count of 200 are regarded as passing therequirements of Annex A1.A1.1.3 Several chemical compositions have been testedextensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimizecylinder liner cavitation in actu
25、al test engines. Coolants meet-ing either of the following compositions are regarded aspassing the requirements of Annex A1:A1.1.3.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO2)of1200 g/g (ppm) in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, orA1.1.3.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (asNO2) plus m
26、olybdate (as MoO42in the 50 volume %predilute coolant of 780 g/g (ppm). At least 300 g/g (ppm)each of NO2and MoO42must be present.4“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty EngineCavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Common-wealth Drive, Warrendale,
27、PA 150960001.TABLE A1.1 Cavitation Protection Options Meeting the Requirements of Annex A1Utilize One ofthe FollowingPredilute orConcentrateAcceptanceCriteriaIn-service test Per agreement Agreement between engine manufacturer and coolant supplier fortest criteriaLaboratory test (Test Method D7583) P
28、er tested formulation 200 pit count measured per Test Method D7583 , maxChemical composition nitrite formulation Predilute Nnitrite (as NO2) of 1200 g/g (ppm), minNitrite formulation Concentrate Nitrite (as NO2)of2400 g/g (ppm) , minCombined nitrite and molybdate formulation Predilute Combined conce
29、ntration of nitrite (as NO2) plus molybdate as(MoO42) of 780 g/g (ppm), min (at least 300 g/g (ppm) each ofNO2and MoO42must be present)Combined nitrite and molybdate formulation Concentrate Combined concentration of nitrite (as NO2) plus molybdate (asMoO42) of 1560 g/g (ppm), min (at least 600 g/g (
30、ppm) each ofNO2and MoO42must be present)D7715 112A1.1.3.3 The above concentrations are doubled for coolantconcentrates.A1.2 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under thisspecification shall contain additives to minimize hot surfacescaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and othertype
31、s) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesiumcompounds on heat rejecting surfaces. No specific chemicalrequirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistancehave been established at this time. A test procedure is underdevelopment by ASTM Committee D15 and will be incorpo-rated into the s
32、pecification when approved.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY DUTY ENGINESX1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill for a heavy dutyengine consists of water and fully formulated heavy dutycoolant concentrate or fully formulated prediluted heavy dutycoolant.X1.1.1 Wate
33、r:X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolantadditives. When untreated, all water is corrosive. Water havinga high mineral content or corrosive materials is unfit forcooling system use.X1.1.1.2 When preparing coolant mixtures, the watershould be of such quality that it does not contain
34、excessivesolids, hardness salts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence ofspecific recommendations from the engine or vehicle manu-facture, see Table X1.1. Contact your local water department,the responsible government agency, or submit a water samplefor analysis if there is a question on water qual
35、ity.X1.1.2 Coolant Concentrates:X1.1.2.1 The coolant concentration should be maintainedbetween 50 and 60 % glycerin by volume, depending on theengine operating environment. Freeze protection shall beprovided in accordance with Table X1.2.X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine Coolants:X1.1.3.1 Prediluted glycerin
36、 base engine coolants (50 vol-ume % minimum) should be used without further dilution. Ifadditional freeze protection is required, coolant concentratemay be added to the prediluted engine coolant to increase thetotal glycerin content in the cooling system (see Table X1.2).X1.1.4 Supplemental Coolant
37、Additive:X1.1.4.1 SCAs extend the life of the coolant by replenishingthe additives that deplete during normal operation. SCAs,however, do not extend the freeze protection provided by thecoolant concentrate.X1.1.4.2 Heavy-duty engine users experience has shownthat coolants not meeting the criteria sp
38、ecified in Annex A1may not provide long term protection against cavitation corro-sion (liner pitting). User experience and published informationshows the presence of nitrite in an SCA or fully-formulatedheavy-duty coolant is particularly effective in providing maxi-mum protection.X1.1.4.3 New techno
39、logy consisting of other chemistriesmay provide satisfactory protection. Such chemistries can beestablished by agreement between producers and users upondemonstration of performance utilizing Test Method D7583.Optionally, such demonstrations can consist of comparativedamage rating from testing in op
40、erating engines. One or bothof these options may be applied as determined in a specificagreement between parties.X1.2 Coolant Maintenance RecommendationsX1.2.1 If any of the following recommendations differ,follow the engine or vehicle manufacturers recommendations.X1.2.2 Use the coolant concentrati
41、on recommended in thisspecification.X1.2.3 Drain and flush the cooling system as recommendedby the engine or vehicle manufacturer.X1.2.4 Use water that meets the requirement in Table X1.1.X1.2.5 Use accurate, reliable equipment, such as a refrac-tometer, to measure coolant concentrate levels for fre
42、ezeprotections.X1.2.6 Use the SCA manufacturers recommended test kitwhen testing the coolant for proper additive concentration. Testkits shall indicate the degree of liner pitting protection presentin the coolant.X1.2.7 Check freezing point at two different levels whencoolant concentrate and water i
43、s premixed and stored in bulk ordrums to be sure mixing is complete before use.X1.2.8 Use coolant mixed at the desired proportions formake-up.TABLE X1.1 Suggested Water Quality LimitsAPropertySpecificValuesTest MethodTotal solids, g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 340 (20) max Fed Method 2540BTotal hardness, g/
44、g (ppm (grains/gal) 170 (10) max D1126Chloride (Cl), g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 40 (2.4) max D4327Sulfate (SO4), g/g (ppm (grains/gal) 100 (5.9) max D4327pH 5.5 to 9.0 D1293AAdopted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.TABLE X1.2 Freeze ProtectionApproximate FreezeProtection Temperature, C (
45、F)Glycerin Content, %ACoolant Type V-FF40 18.0 (0.0)50 27.0 (16.6)60 44.0 (42.0)AAdopted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.D7715 113X1.2.9 Use SCAs at the recommended maintenance dosageand intervals to control deposits, corrosion, water pumpdamage, and liner pitting.X1.2.10 Periodica
46、lly check bulk premixed coolant storagetanks for separation of chemicals and contamination.X1.2.11 DO NOT add undiluted coolant concentrate asmake-up coolant for coolant Type V-FF .X1.2.12 DO NOT add plain water as make-up coolant.X1.2.13 DO NOT exceed 60 % coolant concentrate in TypeV-FF coolant. A
47、 coolant concentrate level greater than 63 %actually reduces freeze protection in glycerin base coolants.The maximum recommended coolant concentrate level is 60 %which provides the freeze protection shown in X1.1.2.X1.2.14 DO NOT exceed the manufacturers recommendeddosage of SCA or the recommended c
48、oncentration of coolantconcentrate. Over-concentration can result in plugged radia-tors, heater cores, and charge air coolers and can also causewater pump seal leaks.X1.2.15 DO NOT reuse coolant that has been drained froma vehicle.X1.2.16 DO NOT precharge the cooling system with SCAwhen using fully-
49、formulated heavy-duty engine coolant.X1.2.17 DO NOT use soluble oil additives.X1.2.18 DO NOT use methyl alcohol or methoxypropanolbase coolant concentrates.X1.2.19 DO NOT use anti-leak additives if engine coolingsystem is equipped with a coolant filter, as this may plug thefilter element. For all other cooling systems, follow therecommendations of the engine or vehicle manufacturer.X2. DETERMINATION OF FREEZE POINTX2.1 If gycerin, propylene glycol (PG) base coolants andethylene glycol (EG) base coolants are mixed in a coolingsyste
