1、Designation: D7752 11Standard Practice forEvaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Hydraulic Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7752; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the compatibility of mixtures ofhydraulic fluids as defined by Specifications D6158, DIN51524, ISO 11158, and
3、ISO 15380.1.2 This practice can be used to evaluate new (unused)lubricant compatibility or the effects of combining new (re-placement) lubricant with in-service (original) lubricant in thesystem.1.3 To evaluate primary compatibility using this method, thereplacement fluid must pass the ISO 13357-1 S
4、tage II filter-ability test. The original fluid is not required to pass ISO13357-1 filterability test, Stage I or II.1.4 Primary testing is conducted on fluid mixtures in 2:98,10:90, and 50:50 ratios using the ISO 13357-1 FilterabilityTest, Stage II.1.5 Secondary testing is suggested when circumstan
5、cesindicate the need for additional testing.1.6 This practice does not evaluate the wear preventioncharacteristics, load carrying capacity, or the mechanical shearstability of lubricant mixtures while in service. If anti-wear(AW), extreme pressure (EP), or shear stability are to beevaluated, further
6、 testing of these parameters may be required.1.7 This practice does not purport to cover all test methodsthat could be employed.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address al
7、l of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D130 Test Method for
8、 Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe-troleum Products by Copper Strip TestD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing
9、 Characteristics ofInhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricat-ing OilsD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1401 Test Method for Water Separability of PetroleumOils and Synthetic FluidsD2270 Practice for Cal
10、culating Viscosity Index from Kine-matic Viscosity at 40 and 100CD3427 Test Method forAir Release Properties of PetroleumOilsD6158 Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils2.2 ISO Standards:311158:1997 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products(class L)Family H (hydraulic systems)Specifications
11、for categories HH, HL, HM, HR, HV and HG13357-1:2002(E) Petroleum ProductsDetermination ofthe filterability of lubricating oilsPart 1: Procedure foroils in the presence of water13357-2:2005(E) Petroleum ProductsDetermination ofthe filterability of lubricating oilsPart 2: Procedure fordry oils1This p
12、ractice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.N0.09on Compatibility.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. DOI:10.1520/D775211.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM we
13、bsite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211
14、Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.15380:2002 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products(class L)Family H (Hydraulic systems)Specificationsfor categories HETG, HEPG, HEES,
15、and HEPR4788 Laboratory glasswareGraduated measuring cylin-ders2.3 DIN Standards:451524 Pressure fluidsHydraulic oilsParts 133. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 2:98 mixture, na uniform blend of 2 % by weight oforiginal fluid with 98 % by weight of replacement flui
16、d.3.1.2 10:90 mixture, na uniform blend of 10 % by weightof original fluid with 90 % by weight of replacement fluid.3.1.3 50:50 mixture, na uniform blend of 50 % by weightof each of two component fluids.3.1.4 compatibility, nof hydraulic fluids, the ability ofhydraulic fluids to mix together without
17、 significant degradationof properties or performance.3.1.4.1 DiscussionCompatibility will be determined usingthe ISO 13357-1 filterability test. When a mixture passes theStage II filterability designation as specified in the ISO13357-1 test, the mixture is considered compatible at the testedratio by
18、 the primary testing procedure. If this practice is to beused for adding new (replacement) to in-service (original) andthe system is not drained (for example, top-up), two additionalratios will be required, 10:90 and 2:98. Depending on the ratiosthat have passed the test, flush quantities are given
19、in AnnexA1.3.1.5 fail, nin secondary compatibility testing of hydrau-lic fluid mixtures, a test result that is inferior to that of thepoorer of the two constituent fluids.3.1.6 original fluid, nfluid that the system is being con-verted from.3.1.7 pass, nin secondary compatibility testing of hydrau-l
20、ic fluid mixtures, a test result that is equal to or better than thatof the poorer of the two constituent fluids.3.1.8 primary testing, nTwo constituent fluids are com-bined at 2:98, 10:90, and 50:50 ratios by weight. The fluidmixtures are prepared, aged, and evaluated for changes infilterability us
21、ing the procedure described in ISO 13357-1.3.1.9 replacement fluid, nfluid that the system is beingconverted to.3.1.10 secondary testing, nMixtures of the fluids areprepared following ISO 13357-1 samples and sampling sectionand evaluated for changes in the parameters detailed in 7.4.3.1.11 type, nty
22、pe refers to lubricant base stock andadditive composition. For example, Rust and Oxidation Inhib-ited fluid (R however the cap shallhave the ability to seal tightly to prevent water evaporativeloss. The neck should be fairly narrow, but shall be wideenough to accept the stirrer (6.1.10). The base of
23、 the bottleshall be fairly flat.6.1.10 Motor and Stirrerconforming to the requirementsof Test Method D1401, subsection 5.3.6.1.11 Pipettes:6.1.11.1 Pasteur or dropping pipettes.6.1.11.2 1 mL graduated pipettes.6.1.12 Laboratory Hot Plate, with temperature probe andmagnetic stirring mechanism to cons
24、tantly stir mixtures at 706 2C.7. Procedure7.1 Either of two testing options can be used-the sequentialtesting protocol described in Option 1 (4.1), or the concurrenttesting protocol described in Option 2 (4.2). Using Option 1, a2:98 mixture and the two constituent fluids are tested using theprimary
25、 compatibility test. If this mixture passes the Stage IIfilterability test, tests must be conducted on the 10:90 mixture(Annex A1). If the 2:98 mixture does not pass the Stage IIfilterability test, secondary testing is optional but no moreprimary testing should be done. Using Option 2, all mixtures(
26、2:98, 10:90, and 50:50) and the two constituent fluids aretested concurrently. By using Annex A1, the results can beanalyzed and flushing requirements can be determined.7.2 Preparation of Mixtures (Primary and Secondary)Prepare mixtures similarly, regardless of whether one or threemixtures of differ
27、ing ratios will be tested sequentially orconcurrently.7.2.1 Heat the constituent fluids separately in a laboratoryoven at 70 6 2C for 1 hour. Remove the fluids from the oven.Stir and allow them to cool, to 50C. Combine the fluids in theweight ratios (2:98, 10:90, and 50:50) required by the test. Sti
28、reach mixture on a hot plate at 70C for 1 h.7.2.2 Store the mixtures in a dark, room temperature envi-ronment for at least 24 h before following the proceduredescribed in ISO 13357-1.NOTE 2A longer storage time may be employed with agreementbetween the parties involved.7.3 Primary TestingFollow the
29、procedure described inISO 13357-1 to determine the filterability of the mixture. Usesteps 7.3.1-7.3.3 in conjunction with the flowchart inAnnexA1to analyze test results and make flushing decisions.7.3.1 If the 2:98 mixture fails, no further testing is requiredunless the option to perform secondary t
30、esting is desired.7.3.2 If the 2:98 passes the ISO 13357-1 Stage II filterabilitytest , the 10:90 and 50:50 mixtures must be evaluated.7.3.3 If all tested ratios pass the Stage II filterability test, theresults should be reported as compatible at the tested ratios,that is, the replacement fluid is c
31、ompatible with the originalfluid at 2:98, 10:90, and 50:50 ratios.7.3.4 Use the decision tree in Annex A1 to evaluate theresults.7.4 Secondary TestingIf resources permit, the specifiedtests can be performed concurrently. Otherwise, any sequenceof these tests may be used.7.4.1 ViscosityDetermine and
32、record the viscosity of themixture as described in Test Method D445.7.4.1.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible, and itsresults shall be recorded as pass if the viscosity is that of eitherconstituent fluid or if it is between them. If the viscosity of themixture is less than the lower viscosi
33、ty fluid or greater thanhigher viscosity fluid by an amount greater than repeatability ofthe test method, record as fail. The temperature at which theviscosity is performed to determine the ISO Viscosity Grade is40C. To obtain the viscosity index, in accordance withPractice D2270, an additional visc
34、osity must be performed at100C.7.4.2 Acid NumberDetermine and record the acid numberof the mixture as described in Test Methods D664 or D974.7.4.2.1 The mixture is considered to have passed if the acidnumber of the mixture is between or equal to either constituentfluid. Record as pass. If the acid n
35、umber of the mixture is lessthan or greater than the constituent fluids by an amount greaterthan repeatability of the test method, record as fail.7.4.3 Foaming CharacteristicsDetermine and record thefoaming characteristic of the mixture as described in TestMethod D892.7.4.3.1 The mixture is consider
36、ed to be compatible if thefoaming characteristic of the mixture is equal to or less thaneither constituent fluid. Record as pass. If the foaming char-acteristic of the mixture is greater than the constituent fluids byan amount greater than repeatability of the test method, recordas fail.7.4.4 Air Re
37、lease PropertiesDetermine and record the airrelease properties or the mixture as described in Test MethodD3427.7.4.4.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible if the airrelease properties of the mixture is equal to or less than eitherconstituent fluid. Record as pass. If the air release propertie
38、s ofthe mixture is greater than the constituent fluids by an amountgreater than repeatability of the test method, record as fail.7.4.5 Water SeparabilityDetermine and record the waterseparability results of the mixture as described in Test MethodD1401.7.4.5.1 The mixture is considered to be compatib
39、le if thewater separability of the mixture is equal to or better than eitherconstituent fluid. Record as pass. If the water separability ofD7752 113the mixture is worse than the constituent fluids by an amountgreater than repeatability of the test method, record as fail.7.4.6 Oxidation StabilitySele
40、ct the appropriate oxidationstability test based on the type of lubricant being investigated.7.4.6.1 Determine and record the oxidation stability asdescribed in the selected test method. The mixture is consid-ered to be compatible if the oxidation stability of the mixtureis equal to or higher than e
41、ither constituent fluid. Record aspass. If the oxidation stability of the mixture is lower than theconstituent fluids by an amount greater than repeatability of thetest method, record as fail.7.4.7 Rust PreventionDetermine and record the rust pre-vention results as described in Test Method D665.7.4.
42、7.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible if therust prevention characteristics test is a pass. Record as pass.Ifthe rust prevention characteristic test of the mixture is a fail,record as fail.7.4.8 Copper CorrosionDetermine and record the coppercorrosion results as described in Test Method D13
43、0.7.4.8.1 The mixture is considered to be compatible if thecopper corrosion characteristics test is equal to or better thaneither of the constituent fluid alone. Record as pass.Ifthecopper corrosion characteristics of the mixture is a fail, recordas fail.8. Report8.1 Report the following information
44、:8.1.1 Identity of the constituent fluids and the ratios of themixtures tested.8.1.2 Whether the constituent fluids and mixtures passed theStage II filterability, and if a passing result was found, reportthe average Stage II filterability for that mixture.8.1.3 UsingAnnexA1, report the amount of flu
45、shes requiredbased upon which mixtures passed the Stage II filterabilitytests.8.2 If supplementary testing procedures were used, reportthe constituent fluids, ratios, and test methods whether thefluids passed or failed.9. Precision and Bias9.1 For complete precision and bias statements, see theperti
46、nent test methods.10. Keywords10.1 compatibility; filterability; hydraulic fluid; mixturesANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. FLOWCHART FOR PRIMARY TESTING FOR COMPATIBILITY OF HYDRAULIC FLUIDSA1.1 See Fig. A1.1.D7752 114FIG. A1.1 Flowchart for Hydraulic Fluid Compatibility TestingD7752 115ASTM Internat
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