1、Designation: D8015 15Standard Test Method forDimensional Changes of Elastomer and Rubber MaterialsDue to Exposure to Gaseous Hydrocarbon Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8015; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、 in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard gives the testing procedure to determinethe change in dimensions o
3、f specimens of rubber or elasto-meric materials, or both, resulting from exposure to gaseoushydrocarbon environments. The size of the specimens is suchto facilitate preparation from as molded component configura-tions such as gaskets and seals. Where agreed to by both partiesmolded specimens may be
4、used. Dimensional measurementsare made prior to and after conditioning in a formulated testgas.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, ass
5、ociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1418 Practice for Rubber and Rubber LaticesNomenclature
6、D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of technical terms pertain-ing to rubber used in this specification, see TerminologyD1566.3.2 DefinitionsThe nomenclature and abbreviations usedfor natural and synthetic rubbers are in accordance withPractice D1418.3.3
7、Abbreviations:3.3.1 Abbreviations used in the description of natural gascomposition:3.3.2 mmscfmillion standard cubic foot3.3.3 ppmparts per million3.3.4 ppmvparts per million volume3.3.5 scfstandard cubic foot4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The dimensions for specimens prepared from elastomeror rubber
8、 samples are measured and specimens conditioned invarious gaseous environments for a given length of time.At theend of this time the specimens are again measured and thechange in dimension recorded.5. Significance and Use5.1 The information provided by this test method is usefulfor manufacturing qua
9、lity control, technical service, and re-search purposes; and is required by various material specifica-tions.5.2 This method is suitable for all elastomer or rubbermaterials.6. Apparatus6.1 A device to measure the required dimensions to anaccuracy of 0.0025 mm (0.0001 in.) shall be used. This mayinc
10、lude a thermal mechanical analyzer, dilatometer, or constantcoordinate measuring machine (CMM).6.2 A cutting die capable of preparing cube shaped testspecimens with edge dimensions of 4.5 6 0.4 mm (0.177 60.016 in.) shall be used. A typical die and cutting sequence areillustrated in Fig. 1. Where ag
11、reed to between parties, speci-mens may be molded.6.3 A stainless steel pressure vessel of 415 kPa (60 psi)capability with the basic features as shown in Fig. 2, shall beused.6.4 A needle valve for metering gas flow at a rate of 1cc/min or less, shall be used.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 A condition
12、ing gas of known formulation shall be used.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.15 on Degradation Tests.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2015. Published February 2016. DOI:10.1520/D8015-15.2For referenced AST
13、M standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc
14、ken, PA 19428-2959. United States17.2 The conditioning gas composition shall be as given inTable 1 with non-methane components concentrations at 62%of the listed value and methane constituting the balance of thecomposition. Table 2 lists suggested trace constituents thatshould be present in the gas.
15、 The concentrations listed in Table2 are recommended levels and should be prepared at 610%ofthe listed value.8. Hazards8.1 The user shall insure acceptable documented safetyprocedures are in place for the handling of all reagents and testmaterials and for the operation of laboratory equipment speci-
16、fied for this test method.9. Sampling and Test Specimens9.1 Prepare the sample for analysis by using the cutting dieto cut a specimen into a 4.5 6 0.4 mm (0.177 6 0.016-in.)edge dimension cube shape.10. Preparation of Apparatus10.1 Verify the equipment can meet all specifications in thestandard with
17、 respect to gas flows. Condition the apparatusafter initial setup, or repairs, by conducting a run through of acomplete cycle at pressure and flow rates per 6.3 and 6.4without samples for 24 6 1h.11. Calibration and Standardization11.1 Verify the capability of the dimensional reading equip-ment on a
18、 periodic basis using NIST-traceable calibrationdevices.12. Procedure12.1 Conditioning and measurement analysis of samplesshould be performed on at least six individual specimens.12.2 Measure and record the exact dimensions of a cut orprepared cube across one pair of sides using the device ofchoice
19、prior to any gaseous exposure, that is, the originalFIG. 1 Typical Die and Cube Cutting SequenceD8015 152unexposed condition. Mark the specimen such that the mea-sured sides can be re-measured after test exposure.12.3 Place each measured specimen in a pressure vessel andcondition for 500 6 5 h at 41
20、5 kPag (60 psig) at 20 to 25Cusing a slow trickle of conditioning gas through the vessel.Multiple specimens can be placed in the same pressure vessel.Trickle flow is generally defined as 1 cc/min or less and can beapproximated using a flow meter in the plumbing flow path orby bubble production as ob
21、served when the vessel outlet isimmersed in water.12.3.1 Vent the vessel outlet in a manner consistent withworkplace policy. If necessary, plumb the vessel outlet into agranulated carbon filter media maintaining the required trickleflow of the conditioning gas.12.4 At the end of the conditioning per
22、iod remove aspecimen and measure across the previously measured one pairof sides using the device of choice and record the measure-ment. Complete the measurements in 3 min or less afterremoval from the vessel. Repeat for the five remaining speci-mens.FIG. 2 Pressure VesselTABLE 1 Suggested Compositi
23、on of the Test GasComponent ConcentrationMethane, % BalanceEthane, % 3.1Propane, % 0.44i-Butane, % 0.098n-Butane, % 0.106i-Pentane, % 0.082n-Pentane, % 0.002n-Hexane, % 0.055n-Heptane, % 0.043n-Octane, % 0.019Nitrogen, % 2.0Oxygen, % 0.1Carbon Dioxide, % 1.5TABLE 2 Suggested Trace Constituents in th
24、e Test GasComponent ConcentrationBenzene, ppmv 95.0Toluene, ppmv 102.5Ethyl Benzene, ppmv 10.0Xylenes, ppmv 42.5Cyclopentane, ppmv 28.5Methylcyclopentane, ppmv 5.7Cyclohexane, ppmv 68.4Dimethylcyclopentanes, ppmv 22.8Methylcyclohexane, ppmv 55.1Trimethylcyclopentanes, ppmv 9.5HHV, MJ/m3(BTU/scf) 38.
25、05 (1022)Specific Gravity, (relative to air) 0.6065Wobbe Index, MJ/m3(BTU/scf) 48.85 (1312)H2O, ppmv (lbs/mmscf) 153 (7)Total Mercaptan, ppm (lbs/mmscf) 0.013 (0.8)H2S, ppmv 1D8015 15313. Calculation and Interpretation of Results13.1 The calculation of the percent expansion of eachreplicate specimen
26、 is performed as follows:Percent Expansion, PE% 5 De 2 Do! Do# 3100 (1)where:De = dimension of cube, measured pair of sides after gasexposureDo = dimension of cube, measured pair of sides, before gasexposure13.2 Calculate the arithmetic PE average for all (six) speci-mens. This six specimen PE avera
27、ge is defined as the testresult for the particular rubber (or elastomer) versus condi-tioning gas.14. Report14.1 Report the following information:14.1.1 Complete identification of material tested, includingtype, source, manufacturers code number, form, previoushistory, etc.14.1.2 If applicable, the
28、specific location of the specimen inthe parent configuration, if significant.14.1.3 The individual measurements as calculated and de-scribed in Section 13, and the test result six specimen PEaverage.14.1.4 The date of conditioning and analysis, as well as theformulation of the conditioning gas.15. P
29、recision and Bias15.1 The precision of this test method is not known to havebeen obtained in accordance with currently accepted guide-lines. Data are still being collected to obtain reliable repeat-ability and reproducibility information. As a general rule, therelative percent standard deviation or
30、coefficient of variationfor the six specimens should not exceed 5 %.16. Keywords16.1 dimensional; elastomer; gas exposure; TMAASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are e
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