1、Designation: D8076 17D8076 17aStandard Specification for100 Research Octane Number Test Fuel for AutomotiveSpark-Ignition Engines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8076; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements of a high octane number test fuel suitable for spa
3、rk-ignition engines to be utilizedin ground vehicles that will require 100 research octane number (RON) minimum rated fuel.1.1.1 The fuels described by this specification are intended for developing technologies that lead to reduced vehicle energyconsumption, such as higher compression ratio, higher
4、 power density, increased turbocharger boost pressure, smaller sweptdisplacement volume, and operation at lower engine speeds.1.1.2 The fuels described in this test fuel specification may or may not meet all of the performance or regulatory requirementsfor use in vehicles using commercial gasoline.1
5、.2 The fuels covered in this specification may contain oxygenates, such as alcohols and ethers, at up to 50 % by volume. Thisspecification covers fuels that may contain both fossil and bio-derived components.1.2.1 Fuels containing methanol are not included in this specification.1.3 This specificatio
6、n provides a description of high RON test fuel for automotive spark-ignition engines that are not currentlyin the marketplace but are being developed and require a defined standard test fuel. The high RON fuel could become availablein the marketplace if/when such engines are introduced in commerce.
7、The specification is under continuous review, which canresult in revisions based on changes in fuel, automotive requirements, or test methods, or a combination thereof. All users of thisspecification, therefore, should refer to the latest edition.NOTE 1If there is any doubt as to the latest edition
8、of Specification D8076, contact ASTM International Headquarters.1.4 The values stated in SI units are the standard.1.4.1 ExceptionNon-SI values are provided for information only. U.S. federal regulations frequently specify non-SI units.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
9、concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in acco
10、rdance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM S
11、tandards:2D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric PressureD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet EvaporationD525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Ga
12、soline (Induction Period Method)D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel1 This specification is
13、 under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.A0.01 on Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends.Current edition approved March 1, 2017Aug. 1, 2017. Published March 2017August 2017. Originally approve
14、d in 2017. Last pervious edition approved in 2017 asD8076 17. DOI: 10.1520/D8076-167.10.1520/D8076-17A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards
15、Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, AS
16、TM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
17、 Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative MicrocoulometryD3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absor
18、ption SpectroscopyD3831 Test Method for Manganese in Gasoline By Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and LubricantsD4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamin
19、ation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace ContaminationD4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for
20、Use asAutomotive Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols inGasoline by Gas ChromatographyD4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gaso
21、line-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray SpectroscopyD5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,and Engine
22、Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD5482 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini MethodAtmospheric)D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective FlameIonization DetectionD5842 Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Vo
23、latility MeasurementD5845 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, Methanol, Ethanol and tert-Butanol in Gasoline byInfrared SpectroscopyD5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD5983 Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MT
24、BE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-IgnitionEngine FuelD6378 Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure (VPX) of Petroleum Products, Hydrocarbons, and Hydrocarbon-Oxygenate Mixtures (Triple Expansion Method)D6920 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Naphthas, Distillates, Reformu
25、lated Gasolines, Diesels, Biodiesels, and Motor Fuels byOxidative Combustion and Electrochemical DetectionD7039 Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, Diesel Fuel, Jet Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and Gasoline-EthanolBlends by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spect
26、rometryD7220 Test Method for Sulfur inAutomotive, Heating, and Jet Fuels by Monochromatic Energy Dispersive X-ray FluorescenceSpectrometryD7319 Test Method for Determination of Existent and Potential Sulfate and Inorganic Chloride in Fuel Ethanol and Butanol byDirect Injection Suppressed Ion Chromat
27、ographyD7328 Test Method for Determination of Existent and Potential Inorganic Sulfate and Total Inorganic Chloride in Fuel Ethanolby Ion Chromatography Using Aqueous Sample InjectionD7667 Test Method for Determination of Corrosiveness to Silver byAutomotive Spark-Ignition Engine FuelThin Silver Str
28、ipMethodD7671 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Silver by Automotive SparkIgnition Engine FuelSilver Strip MethodD7862 Specification for Butanol for Blending with Gasoline for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine FuelE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance w
29、ith Specifications2.2 Government Regulations:CFR Title 40 Protection of Environment3CCR Title 17Public HealthSection 6010060114 Description of California Air Basins42.3 Technical Report:CRC Report No. 660 FuelAntiknock QualityEngine Response to RON Versus MON Scoping Tests, Final Report, May 201153.
30、 Terminology3.1 For general terminology, refer to Terminology D4175.3.2 Definitions:3 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.4 Available from Barclays, 50 California Street, San Francisco, CA 94111.5 A
31、vailable from Coordinating Research Council, 5755 North Point Parkway, Suite 265, Alpharetta, GA 30022, http:/www.crcao.org.D8076 17a23.2.1 finished fuel, dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE), na homogeneous mixture of blendstocks and fuel additives meetingall specification and regulatory requiremen
32、ts for its intended use atvalue calculated by a defined correlation equation that isexpected to be comparable to the vapor pressure value obtained by Test Method D4953the location where sold., Procedure A.D4814D49533.2.2 gasoline, na volatile mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, generally containing smal
33、l amounts of additives, suitable for useas a fuel in spark-ignition, internal combustion engines. D48143.2.3 gasoline-oxygenate blend, na fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along with a substantial amount (more than 0.35 %by mass oxygen) of one or more oxygenates. D48143.2.4 octane sensitivity (S
34、), nthe mathematical difference between RON and MON (S = RON MON).3.2.5 oxygenate, nan oxygen-containing, ashless, organic compound, such as an alcohol or ether, which can be used as a fuelor fuel supplement. D48144. Ordering Information4.1 The volatility of the fuel shall be agreed upon between buy
35、er and seller.4.2 State the concentration and types of oxygenates present as agreed upon between buyer and seller.5. Performance Requirements for High Octane Number Test Fuel5.1 High octane number test fuel shall conform to the requirements of Table 1, and meet the volatility requirements of Table2.
36、 The significance of each of the properties of this specification is shown in Appendix X1.5.1.1 The user is advised to review applicable national, state, provincial, or local fuel requirements.5.1.1.1 In the United States there may be additional Clean Air Act requirements that must be fulfilled prio
37、r to introduction ofthe high octane number fuel into commerce. See Appendix X3 in Specification D4814 for information on U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) regulations for spark-ignition engine fuels.5.1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: For purposes of de
38、termining conformance with thesespecifications, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the right-most significant digit usedin expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29. For a specification limit expressedas an
39、 integer, a trailing zero is significant only if the decimal point is specified. For a specified limit expressed as an integer, andthe right-most digit is non-zero, the right-most digit is significant without a decimal point being specified. This convention appliesto specified limits in Tables 1 and
40、 2.5.2 RON and octane sensitivity are critical performance parameters for the fuels described in this specification. Engine knockand laboratory octane number are described in X1.2 and X1.3, respectively.5.2.1 For engines with increased compression ratio, higher boost pressure, operating at slower sp
41、eeds, and smaller sweptdisplacement volume, a high RON, combined with high octane sensitivity, are well correlated with knock resistance.5.2.2 Octane sensitivity is the mathematical difference between the research and motor octane numbers and is considered ameasure of the autoignition temperature se
42、nsitivity of a fuel. In high compression ratio, highly boosted engines operating at lowengine speeds, if RON is held constant, a fuel with greater octane sensitivity (all other factors being equal) will provide greaterknock resistance.5.2.2 A minimum motor octane number (MON) is required to ensure a
43、ntiknock performance for all engines at high ambienttemperature and certain other conditions (see CRC Report No. 660).TABLE 1 High Octane Number Test Fuel SpecificationsAProperty Limit ASTM Test MethodResearch octane number, min 100. D2699Motor octane number, min 86 D2700Sensitivity, min 8 D2699, D2
44、700Inorganic chloride, mg/kg, max 1 D7319 or D7328 as modified in 7.1.12Lead content, g/L (g/U.S. gal), max 0.013 (0.05) D3237 or D5059Sulfur, mg/kg, max 10 D1266, D2622, D3120, D5453, D6920, or D7039Manganese content, mg/L (mg/U.S. gal), maxB See 6.3 D3831Manganese content, mg/L, maxB 0.25C D3831Co
45、pper strip corrosion, max No. 1 D130Silver strip corrosion, max No. 1 D7667 or D7671Solvent-washed gum content, mg/100 mL, max 5 D381Oxidation stability, minutes, min 240. D525A See 5.1.2 for determining conformance with numerical specification limits in this table.B See Appendix X2 for information
46、on U.S. EPA and California Air Resources Board regulations for manganese in gasoline.CThis level represents the lower limit of the Test Method D3831 scope.D8076 17a35.3 Volatility requirements for the high octane number test fuel are specified in Table 2. Different limits on dry vapor pressureequiva
47、lent (DVPE), T50, and other volatility parameters may be agreed upon between buyer and seller. For guidance on volatilityrequirements for specific climatic conditions, consult section 5.2.1 of Specification D4814.5.4 Oxygenate Blendstock Requirements:5.4.1 Denatured fuel ethanol used in blending hig
48、h octane number fuel shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationD4806.5.4.2 Butanol used in blending high octane number fuel shall conform to the requirements of Specification D7862.5.4.3 Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) used in blending high octane number fuel shall conform to the requirements
49、 ofSpecification D5983.5.5 Deposit control additives are added to spark-ignition engine fuel to help keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean.5.5.1 In the United States, deposit control additives used in gasoline are required to be certified by the EPA.As this specificationis for a test fuel, requirements for deposit control additives have not been determined.6. Workmanship6.1 The finishedtest fuel shall be visually free of undissolved water, sediment, and suspended matter; it shall be clear and brightat the fuel temperature at the point of custody transfer
