1、Designation: D8078 16Standard Test Method forAsh Content of Asphalt and Emulsified Asphalt Residues1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8078; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method measures the ash content of an asphaltor emulsified asphalt residue.1.2 A precision and bias statement for this s
3、tandard has notbeen developed at this time. Therefore, this standard should notbe used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasingpurposes.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does n
4、ot purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standar
5、ds:2D6934 Test Method for Residue by Evaporation of Emulsi-fied AsphaltD6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified AsphaltD7497 Practice for Recovering Residue from EmulsifiedAsphalt Using Low Temperature Evaporative Technique2.2 AASHTO Standard:3AASHTO PP72 Recovering Residue from Emulsified A
6、s-phalt using Low-Temperature Evaporative Techniques3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A known amount of asphalt or emulsified asphaltresidue is put into a crucible, which is then placed into a mufflefurnace for a period of time to incinerate any organic materialspresent and allow gravimetric calculation
7、of the ash content ofthe specimen.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test is used for determining the amount of inorganicor non-organic materials in an asphalt or emulsified asphaltresidue. The emulsified asphalt residue can be obtained bymethods such as Test Methods D6934 and D6997, PracticeD7497, AAS
8、HTO PP72, or other agency specified methods.This test may be useful as an alternative to solubility tests whena confounding material creates an interference to the solubilitytest being performed acceptably. An example of an interferingmaterial is a polymer which may be incompatible with thesolubilit
9、y test solvent and plugs the filter.5. Apparatus5.1 CruciblePorcelain or quartz-fiber of sufficient size(normally 30 to 100 cm3capacity) and suitability for mufflefurnace, may be used.5.2 Crucible TongsSufficient size to transfer the crucibleto and from the muffle furnace safely.5.3 Balance, capable
10、 of weighing a minimum of 200 g towithin 0.001 g.5.4 Muffle FurnaceElectric resistance heated or micro-wave heated furnace, capable of maintaining a temperature of900 6 25C.5.5 Desiccator, of suitable size to hold the crucibles duringthe cooling process.6. Procedure6.1 Preheat the muffle furnace to
11、a temperature of 600C(610C) prior to moving on to the next step in the procedure.6.2 Heat an empty crucible at 600C (610C) for 10 to 15min. Cool the crucible to room temperature in the desiccator.6.3 Place the empty crucible on the balance and record theweight (Wc) to the nearest 0.001 g. Tare the b
12、alance prior toplacing the sample in the crucible.6.4 Place approximately 2 to3goftheemulsified asphaltresidue or asphalt to be tested into the crucible and record thesample weight (Ws) to the nearest 0.001 g. If the sample is hot1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on R
13、oadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 onMiscellaneous Asphalt Tests.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. DOI: 10.1520/D8078-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at
14、serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transpor
15、tation.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1when put into the crucible, place the crucible with the sampleinto the desiccator to cool for 15 min prior to recording thesample weight (Ws) to the nearest 0.001 g.NOTE 1A pr
16、e-ashing procedure may be used prior to placing thesample into the muffle furnace, if deemed necessary by the muffle furnacemanufacturer or prior testing of the sample. This requires placing thecrucible onto an acceptable stand above a Bunsen burner. Adjust theheight of the flame until it is just hi
17、gh enough to touch the crucible. Heatthe sample until the sample flames, and discontinue when the flaming ofthe sample subsides. Using tongs remove the crucible from the stand andplace it into the muffle furnace.6.5 Place the crucible with the sample into the mufflefurnace and incinerate the content
18、s of the crucible for aminimum of 2 h, but no longer than 3 h.6.6 Remove the crucible from the oven and allow to cool ina desiccator at room temperature a minimum of 30 min.6.7 Record the crucible and ash sample weight (Wc+a)tothenearest 0.001 g. Return the crucible to the muffle furnace for anaddit
19、ional 30 min (65 min).6.8 Remove the crucible from the oven and allow to cool ina desiccator at room temperature a minimum of 30 min.6.9 Record the crucible and ash sample weight (Wc+a)tothenearest 0.001 g, and if the weight is within 0.002 g of thatrecorded in 6.6, it may be considered to be at con
20、stant weight.6.10 If a constant weight has not been achieved, repeat steps6.7 6.9 until a constant weight is reached.7. Calculation7.1 This equation is used to determine the percent ashcontent (Ac) from the asphalt or emulsified asphalt residuesample. The ash content is calculated as follows:%Ac5Wc1
21、a2 WcWs3100 (1)where:Ac= ash content,Wc+a= weight of crucible and ash sample,Wc= weight of crucible, andWs= weight of sample (prior to testing).Report the ash content (Ac) to the nearest 0.01 %.8. Precision and Bias8.1 Since a precision estimate for this standard has not beendeveloped, this test met
22、hod is to be used for research orinformational purposes only. Therefore, this standard shouldnot be used for acceptance or rejection of a material forpurchasing purposes.8.2 No information can be presented on the bias for mea-suring % Ash Content in this test method because no materialhaving an acce
23、ptable reference value is available.9. Keywords9.1 ash content; asphalt; emulsified asphaltASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination
24、 of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdraw
25、n. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your co
26、mments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single o
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