1、Designation: E193 94 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forLaboratory Glass Micropipets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E193; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers several micropipets useful inmeasuring microlitre quantities of liquids.NOTE 1This specification was originally
3、developed by the Committeeon MicrochemicalApparatus, Division ofAnalytical Chemistry,AmericanChemical Society.2,3, 41.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance
4、 with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
5、ards:5E920 Specification for Commercially Packaged LaboratoryApparatusE921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-ratusE1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo-ratory Apparatus for United States Government Procure-mentsE1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusabl
6、eLaboratory Glassware3. Nomenclature3.1 The pipets specified in Figs. 1-3, and Fig. 4 are classifiedas micropipets, whereas those in Figs. 5 and 6 are classified asmicrolitre pipets in order to differentiate among the variouspipets, not on a technical basis, but rather on the basis of usage.This is
7、done to prevent confusion that might result from thefact that the pipets shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 3 are listedin trade catalogs as micropipets designed especially for use inthe fields of biological and clinical chemistry, and the pipetsshown in Fig. 4 are listed as micropipets, density-type,
8、 de-signed for use as microweighing pipets, or pycnometers.4. Micropipets, Measuring-Type (“to deliver”)4.1 The measuring-type micropipets2,6are specified in fivecapacities and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig.1. The narrow, elongated delivery stem of the pipets can reachto the bottom
9、of microvolumetric flasks,2,5permitting almostcomplete withdrawal of the contents of the flask. Quantitativedelivery of the entire volume of the pipets is obtained bytouching off the last drop.5. Micropipets, Folin-Type (“to contain”)5.1 The Folin-type4,6,7micropipets are specified in twocapacities
10、and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig.2. Complete delivery of the volume indicated by the graduationmark on these pipets is ensured by washing out several timesany solution adhering to the inner surface with wash liquiddrawn up from the tip.6. Micro Washout Pipets, Pregl-Type (“to conta
11、in”)6.1 The micro washout pipets, Pregl-type4,6,8are specifiedin four capacities and shall conform to the requirements shownin Fig. 3. Quantitative delivery of the volume indicated by thegraduation mark on the pipets is obtained by rinsing out thecontents with wash liquid added from the top of the p
12、ipet.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onLaboratory Ware and Supplies.Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2017. Published December 2017. Originallyapproved in 1962. Last previous edition ap
13、proved in 2010 as E193 94 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/E0193-94R17.2Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “ Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Flasks, Pipets, and Centrifuge Tubes,”Analytical Che
14、mistry, Vol 28, 1956, p. 1993.3Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “ Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Microlitre Pipets,” AnalyticalChemistry, Vol 30, 1958, p. 1702.4Committee on Mic
15、rochemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “ Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Micropipets,” Analytical Chemistry,Vol 32, 1960, p. 1045.5For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,
16、orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.6Steyermark, A., Quantitative Organic Microanalysis, 2nd Ed., Academic Press,New York, NY, 1961.7Folin, O., Journal of Biological C
17、hemistry, Vol 77, 1928, p. 421.8Grant, J., Quantitative Organic Microanalysis Based on Methods of Fritz Pregl,5th Ed., Blakiston Co., Philadelphia, PA 1951, p. 34.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international stand
18、ard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.17. Mic
19、ro Weighing Pipets, Density-Type (Pycnometers)(“to contain”)7.1 The micro weighing pipets, density-type (pycnometers),4,6,9with ground-glass caps, are specified in three capacitiesand shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig. 4. Thesepipets are designed for density determinations on smallamoun
20、ts of volatile, viscous or hygroscopic liquids. Thedecigram size has a capacity of 100 L and is especiallysuitable for highly viscous liquids. The centigram size has acapacity of 40 to 80 L and the milligram size has a capacityof 10 to 30 L. The centigram and milligram sizes are9Alber, H. K., Indust
21、rial and Engineering Chemistry, Analytical Edition, Vol 12,1940, p. 764.LiningCapacity, mLSubdivision,mLInterval Graduated,mLRing at Each,mLHalf Ringat Each, mLNumber at 0and Each mLTolerance, ,mL0.2 0.01 0 to 0.18 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.0050.5 0.01 0 to 0.45 0.05 0.01 0.1 0.011 0.02 0 to 0.90 0.1 0.02 0.
22、1 0.022 0.05 0 to 1.75 0.25 0.05 0.5 0.043 0.05 0 to 2.70 0.25 0.05 0.5 0.06Notes:1. No graduations shall appear in tapered portion.2. Tip may be tapered at junction with body, but outside diameter at this point may not exceed 4.5 mm.3. Tip outlet shall be glazed, with least possible constriction.4.
23、 Calibrated to deliver at 20C, touching off last drop.FIG. 1 Micropipets with Cylindrical TipE193 94 (2017)2graduated in 1-mm divisions, and can be used even when thetotal amount of sample available is less than the maximumcapacity of the micropipet. The sample may occupy anyportion of the graduated
24、 stem, thereby eliminating the neces-sity of making a precise adjustment to a fixed calibration mark.8. Microlitre Pipets (“to contain”)8.1 The microlitre pipets3, 6are specified in 25 capacitiesand shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig. 5 (1 to5-L capacities) and Fig. 6 (5 to 1000-L capaci
25、ties). Thedimensions of these pipets are such that they may be used withmicro volumetric flasks.2,5Complete delivery of the volumeindicated by the graduation mark on the pipets is obtained byrinsing out several times any solution adhering to the innersurface with wash liquid drawn up from the tip.9.
26、 Sampling and Testing9.1 Refer to Specification E1157.10. Packaging10.1 Select from Specification E920, E921,orE1133.11. Keywords11.1 glass; micropipetsFIG. 2 Micropipets, Folin-TypeE193 94 (2017)3FIG. 3 Micro Washout Pipets, Pregl-TypeE193 94 (2017)4FIG. 4 Micro Weighing Pipets, Density-Type (Pycno
27、meters)Capacity, LAOver-all Length, mm ID Tubing, mm B D at End, mm CMin CapacitySafety Bulb, LVolume Tol-erance,B%1 140 5 0.12 to 0.16 0.10 to 0.20 50 12 140 5 0.16 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 50 13 140 5 0.20 to 0.28 0.15 to 0.25 50 14 140 5 0.24 to 0.32 0.15 to 0.25 50 1ACalibrated to contain.BCloser vo
28、lumetric standardization shall be carried out by the operator with substances under actual conditions of use.FIG. 5 Microlitre Pipets (1 to 4-L Capacities)E193 94 (2017)5ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin
29、 this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and mus
30、t be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
31、responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
32、, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission
33、 rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ SystemCapacity,LAOver-allLength,mmOD Tubing,mm AID Tubing,mm BID at End,mm CApproximateLength,mm DMax OD,mm EMinLength,mm FWall atEnd,mm GMinCa
34、pacitySafetyBulb, LVolumeToler-ance,B%5 140 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 6 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.56 140 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.57 140 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.58 140 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.
35、59 140 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.510 140 5 5 to 6 0.20 to 0.35 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.515 140 5 5 to 6 0.25 to 0.40 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.520 140 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.525 140 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.2
36、5 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.535 140 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.350 140 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.360 140 5 5 to 6 0.40 to 0.55 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.375 140 5 5 to 6 0.40 to 0.60 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 75
37、0.3100 140 5 5 to 6 0.50 to 0.75 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 75 0.3150 140 5 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.60 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 100 0.3200 14510 5to6 0.75to1.00 0.40to0.60 65 4 55 0.6to0.8 100 0.2250 14510 5to6 0.75to1.00 0.40to0.60 65 4 55 0.6to0.8 100 0.2300 14510 5to6 0.75to1.00 0.40to0.70 6
38、5 4 55 0.6to0.8 200 0.2400 15010 6to7 1.00to1.25 0.40to0.70 70 6 60 0.6to0.8 200 0.2500 16010 6to7 1.25to1.50 0.40to0.70 70 6 60 0.6to0.8 200 0.21000 170 10 7 to 8 2.00 to 2.25 0.40 to 0.70 80 7 60 0.6 to 0.8 300 0.2ACalibrated to contain.BCloser volumetric standardization shall be carried out by the operator with substances under actual conditions of use.FIG. 6 Microlitre Pipets (5 to 1000-L Capacities)E193 94 (2017)6
