1、Designation: E389 03 (Reapproved 2008)1E389 13Standard Test Method forParticle Size or Screen Analysis at No. 4 (4.75-mm) Sieveand Coarser for Metal-Bearing Ores and Related Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E389; the number immediately following the designation indicates
2、 the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEEditorial corrections were made throughout in Septemb
3、er 2008.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the size distribution by screen analysis of metal-bearing ores and relatedmaterials at No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve and coarser.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values given in parentheses are p
4、rovided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilitythe user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicabilit
5、y of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test SievesE135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related MaterialsE276 Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis at No. 4
6、(4.75-mm) Sieve and Finer for Metal-Bearing Ores and RelatedMaterialsE882 Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms in this test method, refer to Terminology E135.3.1.2 nominal topsizethe sieve designa
7、ting the upper limit or topsize shall be that sieve of the series with the smallest openingsupon which is cumulatively retained a total of less than 5 % of the sample. This defined topsize is not to be confused with the sizeof the largest particle in the lot.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample i
8、s passed through a bank of standard sieves by agitation. The screening technique described in this proceduremay be used on any solid particles that can be dried so that sieve blinding does not occur.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended to be used for compliance with compositional
9、specifications for particle size distribution. It isassumed that all who use this procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory practices skillfully andsafely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal pro
10、cedures willbe followed. Follow appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E01.02 on Ore
11、s, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2013. Published September 2008November 2013. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20032008as E389 03.E389 03 (2008)1. DOI: 10.1520/E0389-03R08E01.10.1520/E0389-13.2 For refere
12、ncedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the
13、 user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standar
14、d as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Apparatus and Materials6.1 U.S. Standard Sieves, conforming to the requirements of Specification E11.6.2 Sieve Shaker,
15、 mechanical or manual.6.3 Drying Oven, of approximate size and capable of maintaining a uniform temperature at 110 C 6 5 C.6.4 Sample Splitter or Riffle, with openings not less than three times the size of the largest particle.nominal topsize.6.5 Scales and Weights, of adequate accuracy.6.6 Pans, fo
16、r holding samples.6.7 Brushes, for cleaning sieves and pans.7. Sample Preparation7.1 If necessary, reduce the sample by means of a sample splitter or riffle, or by coning and quartering, or by the alternate-shovelmethod. Dry at 110 C 6 5 C to constant mass. Constant mass is obtained when an addition
17、al hour drying at 110 C 6 5 C toconstant weight. does not cause a change greater than 0.05 % mass. Record mass.NOTE 1The size of the sample is very important in sieve analysis because the number of particles on a sieve surface affects the probability of anyone particle passing through the sieve at a
18、 given time. The more particles there are on a sieve, the greater probability that any one particle is hinderedfrom getting into a position to pass through the opening. Avoid overloading the sieves.7.2 Screen the test sample from 7.1 on a No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. Weigh the material passing the sieve a
19、nd, if desired, screenin accordance with Test Method E276.8. Procedure8.1 Clean the sieves and apparatus by brushing.8.2 Nest the selected sieves and fit a pan to the bottom sieve. Place the material which was retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm)sieve from 7.2 in the top sieve. Cover and clamp in the mec
20、hanical shaker and shake for the length of time as specified in 8.3.8.3 Length of Screening Time or End PointThe screening time or end point is when additional periods of shaking fail tochange the results on any sieve used in the test by more than 0.3 %. For highly friable material the 0.3 % specifi
21、cation may bemeaningless and an acceptable end point shall be determined experimentally.8.4 WeighingRemove the clamp and cover. Transfer the contents of each sieve to a tared pan, tapping and brushing the sievesto remove any lodged particles (Note 2). Record the weightmass of each sieve fraction.NOT
22、E 2For sieves 2 in. (50 mm) and larger, the probability of a piece of material passing through the sieve is related to its shape. Retained particlesapproximating the size of the sieve openings should be adjusted by hand to see if they will pass through. For sieves smaller than 2 in., gently shake by
23、hand to determine if screening is complete.9. Calculation9.1 Sum the weightsmasses of each sieve fraction including the weightmass of the material passing the No. 4 sieve in 7.2. Thetotal shall be within 1 % 1 % of the weightmass of the original test sample or the analysis must be repeated from 7.1
24、with anothertest sample. The weightmass of the test sample used for calculation is the total of the sieve fractions. Calculate the percent retainedon each sieve as follows:Material retained,%5Wr/Wt! 3100 (1)where:Wr = mass retained on each sieve, andWt = total mass of all sieve fractions.Calculate t
25、he percent passing the finest sieve as follows:Material passing,%5Wp/Wt! 3100 (2)where:Wp = mass passing the finest sieve, retained on a pan or filter, andWt = total mass of all sieve fractions.Obtain the percent cumulative by adding each percent retained on each sieve as the series progresses.10. R
26、eport10.1 Report the following data: sieve size, weightmass retained on or passing through sieve, percent retained on sieve, andpercent cumulative.E389 13210.2 Present the data of a screen analysis graphically as a cumulative direct plot or a cumulative logarithmic plot. From theplots, the percentag
27、es remaining on any set of openings other than those of the testing sieves used, can be found by interpolationand in this way redistribution of the same material by any assumed set of openings can be determined.11. Standardization of Sieves11.1 Calibrate the sieves by use of calibrated glass spheres
28、. Standard glass spheres are available through the National Instituteof Standards and Technology (NIST)3 and other international standardization organizations.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionIt is generally agreed that the selection of the sample, loading of the sieves, sieves themselves, or the
29、 finalweighing, all influence the reproducibility and accuracy of screening. Some particle wear occurs but is usually insignificant.Brittleness or hardness of the ore and the mode of operation of the mechanical shaker influence slightly the results of the test. Thesize and shape of the particles sig
30、nificantly influence the probability of passing when screen or sieve aperture and particle size areclose. Screening time is important, but it cannot be said that a specific time of screening should be used for all types of materials.End point or time of screening for different materials is to be est
31、ablished by experimentation.12.2 When fines form clusters of agglomerates or adhere to coarse particles, wet screening may be required or be desirable,depending upon each users needs.13. Keywords13.1 analysis; ores particle; screen; sizeAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SUMMARY OF U.S. SIEVE, TY
32、LER SCREEN, AND ISO EQUIVALENTSU.S. Standard Sieve Tyler Screen Number ISO Designation, mm5 in. 1254.24 in. 1064 in. 100312 in. 903 in. 75212 in. 532 in. 50134 in. 45112 in. 37.5114 in. 31.51.06 in. 1.05 in. 26.51 in. 25.078 in. 0.883 in. 22.434 in. 0.742 in. 19.058 in. 0.624 in. 16.012 in. 12.5716
33、in. 0.441 in. 11.238 in. 0.371 in. 9.5516 in. 212 mesh 8.00.265 in. 3 mesh 6.714 in. 6.3No. 312 312 mesh 5.6No. 4 4 mesh 4.753 Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.E389 133ASTM International t
34、akes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own
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36、ssed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at t
37、he address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E389 134
