1、Designation: E1044 96 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Specification forGlass Serological Pipets (General Purpose and Kahn)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1044; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers glass
3、serological pipets, usedin measuring volumes of liquids.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory ApparatusE542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatusE671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-sidual Stress in Annealed Glas
4、s Laboratory ApparatusE694 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Appa-ratusE920 Specification for Commercially Packaged LaboratoryApparatusE921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-ratusE1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo-ratory Apparatus for United States Go
5、vernment Procure-mentsE1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of ReusableLaboratory Glassware3. Classification3.1 Style and CapacityPipets covered by this specificationshall be of the following styles and capacities:3.1.1 Style IGeneral purpose top end.3.1.2 Style IICotton plugging top end.3.1.
6、3 Style IIICotton plugging top end, large tip opening.3.1.4 Capacities (mL)0.1; 0.1 (Kahn); 0.2; 0.2 (Kahn);0.25 (Kahn); 0.5; 0.60 (Kahn); 1.0; 2.0; 5.0; 10.0; and 25.0.4. General Requirements4.1 Borosilicate GlassBorosilicate glass for pipets shallconform to the glass requirements of Type 1, Class
7、A or B ofSpecification E438.4.2 CalibrationPipets shall be calibrated in accordancewith Practice E542 to deliver (TD) the intended capacity ofdistilled water at 20C when the last drop is blown out, exceptthe 0.25 mL Kahn pipet; this Kahn pipet shall have a clearungraduated space of not less than 63
8、mm between thelowermost graduation mark and the tip of the pipet. The pipetshall be filled about 10 mm above the capacity line. Removeany water on the outside of the tip by a downward wipe withfilter paper. Next, place the tip in contact with the wetted wallof a beaker and slowly lower the meniscus
9、to the capacity line.Do not remove any water remaining on the tip at this time.Delivery of the contents into a receiving vessel is made withthe tip in contact with the wall of the vessel. When the waterhas ceased to flow, the water remaining in the tip is then blownout with one firm puff with the ti
10、p in contact with the wall ofthe vessel, if possible. No after-drainage period is allowed.Capacity tolerances shall be within the limits given in Table 1.4.3 AnnealingThe maximum residual thermal stress shallbe such as to conform to Specification E671, except thattempered tips or tempered tops, or b
11、oth, may be supplied at theoption of the manufacturer. The tempered tip, when examinedin index oil that matches the refractive index of the glass beingused, shall have a temper between 75 and 220 nm.5. Design5.1 ShapeThe pipets shall be straight and of one-piececonstruction. Any cross section of a p
12、ipet taken in a planeperpendicular to the longitudinal axis shall be circular.5.2 Delivery TipsDelivery tips shall be made with agradual taper of 15 to 30 mm for capacities up to 5 mLinclusive, and 20 to 35 mm for 10 and 25 mL capacity pipets.The end of the tip shall be perpendicular to the longitud
13、inal1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onApparatus.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E10
14、44 96 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/E1044-96R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM Interna
15、tional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.axis of the pipet. Sudden constriction at the orifice shall not beacceptable. The outside edge of the tip shall be bevelledslightly at the end, and the bevel shall be ground or firepol-ished.5.3 Zero Graduati
16、on Line PositionThe distance from thetop end to the top graduation of all pipets (except for 0.5 mLand Kahn pipets) shall be not less than 100 mm nor more than150 mm from the zero graduation line; for 0.5 mL and Kahnpipets this distance shall be not less than 90 mm nor more than150 mm.5.4 Dimensions
17、 and Outflow TimesThe limiting dimen-sions and outflow times shall be as shown in Table 1. Outflowtimes shall be determined on unplugged pipets using distilledwater at 25 6 5C and by means of a stopwatch. Outflow timeshall be determined by the unrestricted outflow of the waterfrom the zero mark unti
18、l the water has ceased to flow.5.5 MarkingsAll markings shall be permanent and leg-ible.5.5.1 Graduation MarkingsGraduation lines shall not ex-ceed 0.4 mm in thickness and shall be in a plane perpendicularto the vertical axis of the pipet. The lines and other markingsshall be applied by one of the f
19、ollowing methods: etched andfilled with a permanent pigment; etched through a verticalcolored stripe fused into the glass; by application of a stainfired into the glass without etching; or by application of anenamel fired onto the glass without etching. Lengths of lines,numbering and patterns shall
20、be in accordance with Specifica-tion E694.5.5.2 Color CodingEach pipet shall be marked with oneor two color bands as specified in Table 1. The single colorband should be 5 to 10 mm wide, while the double color bandsshould each be 3 to 5 mm wide and separated by a clear spaceat 2 to 3 mm. Color bands
21、 do not have to be continuous butmay be broken as long as they cover 40 % of the circumferenceof the pipet. Colors must be bright and distinct.5.5.3 Identification MarkingsEach pipet, marked by oneof the methods given in 5.5.1, shall show the manufacturersname or trademark, the nominal capacity, the
22、 temperature ofcalibration, 20C, and the word “delivers” or any of thefollowing symbols: TD, TD-EX, TD (EX), EX-TD, EX(TD) orEX. Pipets calibrated TD by blowing out the last drop shall beidentified by a wide band or two narrow bands permanentlymarked on their top end.5.6 WorkmanshipPipets shall be f
23、ree of defects whichmay distort the appearance of the liquid surface or may impairtheir serviceability.6. Sampling and Testing6.1 For sampling and testing refer to Specification E1157.7. Packaging7.1 For packaging, select from Specifications E920, E921and Practice E1133.8. Keywords8.1 glass; pipets;
24、 reusable; serologicalTABLE 1 Requirements for Glass Serological PipetsCapacity, mLCapacityTolerance,+ormLGraduations, mL OutsideDiameterGraduatedPortion, min,mmStyle I and II: OutflowTime, sStyle III: Nominal TipOpening, mmColor CodingBandLeast ValueMainNumberedInterval Graduated0.0 to at leastmin
25、max0.1 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.09 5.5 0.5 3 white0.1A0.005 0.01 0.01 0.09 5.5 0.5 3 2 green0.2 0.008 0.001 0.02 0.19 5.5 0.5 3 black0.2A0.008 0.001 0.01 0.19 5.5 0.5 3 2 blue0.25B0.008 0.0125 0.05 0.25 5.5 0.5 3 0.5 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.45 5.5 0.5 3 2 yellow0.5 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.45 5.5 0.5 3 2 black0.60A0.01 0
26、.15 0.15 0.45 6.0 0.5 3 1.0 0.02 0.01 0.1 0.95 6.0 1 5 yellow1.0 0.02 0.1 0.1 0.9 6.0 1 5 2.0 red2.0 0.02 0.01 0.02 1.9 6.0 1 5 2.5 2 white2.0 0.02 0.1 0.2 1.9 6.75 1 5 2.5 green5.0 0.04 0.1 1.0 4.5 7.5 3 10 3.0 blue10.0 0.06 0.1 1.0 9.5 9.5 5 15 3.0 orange25.0 0.10 0.1 1.0 23.0 10.5 5 15 3.0 whiteA
27、Kahn serological pipets, calibrated to tip.BKahn serological pipets, calibrated to base.E1044 96 (2011)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that
28、determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapprove
29、d or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel
30、 that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual repri
31、nts (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E1044 96 (2011)3
