1、Designation: E 1159 98 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specification forThermocouple Materials, Platinum-Rhodium Alloys, andPlatinum1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisi
2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers non-insulated platinum-rhodium alloys (weight percent composition), and plat
3、inumthermoelements that meet the requirement of SpecificationE 230 and NIST Monograph 175.21.2 This specification does not cover platinum andplatinum-rhodium materials, that require a higher purity thanspecified in 5.1, such as used for temperature coefficient ofresistance (TCR) measurements or stan
4、dards type calibration.For requirements of this superior quality, it is suggested thatsuppliers of precious metals be contacted.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
5、appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in force on thedate of material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein.2.2 ASTM Standard
6、s:3B 561 Specification for Refined PlatinumB 616 Specification for Refined RhodiumE 207 Test Method for Thermal EMF Test of Single Ther-moelement Materials by Comparison with a ReferenceThermoelement of Similar EMF-Temperature PropertiesE 220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples ByComparison
7、 TechniquesE 230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force(EMF) Tables for Standardized ThermocouplesE 344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-etry3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions given in TerminologyE 344 apply to terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Te
8、rms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 thermocouple type, na nominal thermoelectric classof thermoelement materials that, used as a pair, have astandardized relationship and tolerance between relative See-beck EMF and temperature, physical characteristics, and anassigned type letter designator and colo
9、r code.3.2.1.1 DiscussionLetter designators and color codes aredefined in the United States by ANSI/ASTM E 230. Descrip-tions of letter designators and color codes may also be found inASTM MNL-12.44. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following:4.1.
10、1 ASTM designation and date of issue,4.1.2 Thermocouple type (3.2.1),4.1.3 Thermoelement diameter and tolerance (5.5),4.1.4 Annealing requirements (5.4),4.1.5 Quantity required (5.6, 5.7),4.1.6 Specify standard or special tolerance on the initialvalue of EMF vs. temperature,4.1.7 Calibration require
11、ment (5.8),4.1.8 Chemical analysis (7.2.1),4.1.9 Certified test results (7.2.2), and4.1.10 Statement of compliance (7.2.3).5. Requirements5.1 PurityThe purity of platinum for use in the negativethermoelement of Type R and Type S thermocouples shall beGrade 99.99, as specified in Specification B 561.
12、5.1.1 The purity of platinum, before alloying, for use in thepositive thermoelement of Type R, S, and both thermoelementsof Type B shall be Grade 99.99, as specified in SpecificationB 561.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 onTemperature Measurement and is the direct
13、responsibility of Subcommittee E20.04on Thermocouples.Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E 1159 98 (2003).2“Temperature-Electromotive Force Reference Functions and Tables for theLetter-Designated Thermocoup
14、le Types Based on the ITS-90,” NIST Monograph175 and Supplement 1. Available from NIST, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Gaithers-burg, MD 20899.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume in
15、formation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Manual on the Use of Thermocouples in Temperature Measurement, ASTMMNL-12, Fourth Edition, ASTM, April 1993. (Revision of STP 470B).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194
16、28-2959, United States.5.1.2 The purity of rhodium, before alloying, for use in thepositive thermoelement of Type R, S, and both thermoelementsof Type B shall be Grade 99.95, as specified in SpecificationB 616.5.1.3 In the case of a conflict between the material compo-sition and the EMF output of th
17、e thermoelement, the calibra-tion requirement of Specification E 230 shall govern.5.2 Physical ConditionAll material to be supplied shallconsist of continuous lengths which shall be free of kinks andshall be round and smooth. Any pits or dents that exceed 10 %of the diameter shall be cause for rejec
18、tion of the material.5.3 CleanlinessAfter material has been processed to itsfinal diameter and prior to subsequent anneal, it shall becleaned to remove all dirt, lubricant, fingerprints, or otherforeign residue. This state of cleanliness shall be maintainedthroughout testing and throughout any furth
19、er work andshipment.5.3.1 Prior to any testing, cleanliness of the material shall beverified by wiping with a cotton swab. Any indication of oil,dirt, or discoloration after wiping shall be cause for rejection ofthe spool from which the sample was taken.5.4 AnnealingPrior to any testing or shipment,
20、 materialequal to or greater than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) in diameter shallbe annealed by heating to at least 1000 C in air for a minimumof 1 minute. Material smaller than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) indiameter shall be supplied in the hard drawn temper unlessotherwise specified in the ordering information.5.5
21、DiameterSizes may range from 0.05 mm (0.002 in.)to 1.5 mm (0.060 in.). Required size shall be stated in theordering information. Suppliers practice on tolerance shallapply unless otherwise stated in the ordering data (4.1.3). Anylocalized necking or bulging of the conductor beyond tolerancelimits sh
22、all be cause for rejection.NOTE 1Tolerances may vary from supplier to supplier.5.6 LengthQuantity of material supplied shall meet therequirements of the ordering data. Only a single continuouslength may be placed on any one spool. Splicing of wires isprohibited.5.7 WeightPurchaser may alternatively
23、request materialby weight (grams or troy ounces) instead of length. All otherrequirements of this section shall be met. If weight is specified,a statement of weight/unit length accurate to within 1 % shallbe supplied for each item.5.8 Thermocouple CalibrationSample thermocouplesmade from the specifi
24、ed thermoelements shall be calibratedaccording to the procedures set forth in Test Method E 220.The thermocouple shall conform to the appropriate table inSpecification E 230. They shall meet the tolerance on the initialvalue of EMF vs. temperature as specified in the tolerancerequirement of the orde
25、ring information given in Section 4 andlisted in Table 1 of Specification E 230.5.8.1 Sample LengthThe lengths of thermoelements to betested shall be approximately1m(3ft.) taken from each endof the spool.5.8.2 Calibration TemperatureUnless otherwise specifiedwith the order, the sample thermocouple s
26、hall be calibrated ata single temperature of 1200 6 100 C.5.8.3 Alternative Calibration MethodA thermoelementcalibration versus a suitable secondary reference thermoele-ment, may be specified as an option in the ordering informa-tion. A description of this method can be found in Test MethodE 207.5.8
27、.3.1 The thermoelement material shall be such that adifference in the initial value of EMF vs. temperature of nogreater than 10 microvolts may be present between thebeginning and the end of the thermoelement lot when tested inaccordance with Test Method E 207.5.8.3.2 The thermoelements shall be such
28、 that, whenmatched as a thermocouple, the EMF output shall meet thetolerance on the initial value of EMF vs. temperature asspecified in 4.1.6.6. Rejection6.1 Purchaser Test ResultsThe purchaser may performtests and inspection to verify that the delivered material meetsthe contract requirements. Fail
29、ure to pass the purchasersinspection and test may be cause for rejection.6.2 The suppliers test results and inspection report may alsobe used as a basis of acceptance or rejection. Failure ofsuppliers to meet the contract requirements may be cause forrejection.7. Identification and Certification7.1
30、Material IdentificationThe supplier shall maintainsufficient records to ensure identification and traceability of allraw materials, verifying that all material used is in compliancewith 5.1.7.2 Material CertificationWhen required, the suppliershall furnish with the shipment the following certificati
31、on andstatements:7.2.1 Certified chemical analysis of the material from whichthe material was made,7.2.2 Certified results of tests performed on the materialsupplied in accordance with this specification and the orderingdocuments, and7.2.3 A statement of compliance that the material meetsrequested r
32、equirements of this specification.8. Keywords8.1 platinum; rhodium; thermoelement; thermocouple ma-terials; type B; type R; type SE 1159 98 (2009)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users o
33、f this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every fiv
34、e years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical c
35、ommittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E 1159 98 (2009)3
