1、Designation: E1234 07 E1234 12Standard Practice forHandling, Transporting, and Installing Nonvolatile Residue(NVR) Sample Plates Used in Environmentally ControlledAreas for Spacecraft1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1234; the number immediately following the designation indicate
2、s the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the handling, transportin
3、g, and installing of sample plates used for the gravimetric determination ofnonvolatile residue (NVR) within and between facilities.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with i
4、ts use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1235 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue (N
5、VR) in Environmentally Controlled Areas forSpacecraft2.2 ISO Standards:14644-1, Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled EnvironmentsPart 1: Classification of Air Cleanliness314644-2, Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled EnvironmentsPart 2: Specifications for Testing and Monitoring to ProveContinued Com
6、pliance with ISO 14644-132.3 U.S. Federal Standard:FED-STD-209E Airborne Particulate Cleanliness Classes in Cleanrooms and Clean Zones42.4 Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology:IEST-RP-CC001.3, HEPA and ULPA Filters3IEST-RP-CC007.1, Testing ULPA Filters3IEST-RP-CC034.1, HEPA and ULPA Fi
7、lter Leak Tests3IEST-STD-CC1246, Product Cleanliness Levels and Contamination Control Program32.5 American National Standards Institute:ANSI/ASME B46.1-1985,B46.1-2009, Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and Lay)53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 ISO Class N (airborne particulate cleanl
8、iness class), nlevel of airborne particulate concentrations as defined in ISO14644-1 and 14644-2, where 10N is the maximum allowable concentrations (particles per cubic metre).3.1.1.1 Discussion1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on SpaceSimulation and Applications of Spa
9、ce Technology and is the responsibility ofSubcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.Current edition approved April 1, 2007Nov. 1, 2012. Published May 2007No-vember 2012. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in20012007 as E1234 01.E1234 07. DOI: 10.1520/E1234-07.10.1520/E1234-12.2 F
10、or referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3 Available from Institute of Environmental Sciences and Techno
11、logy, 940 E.Northwest Highway, Mount Prospect, IL 60056.4 Available from Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, 940 E.Northwest Highway, Mount Prospect, IL 60056, and U.S. government sources.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, United Engineer-ing Center, 345 E. 47
12、th St., New York, NY 10017.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1The considered particle sizes (lower threshold values) applicable for classification with ISO 14644-1 are limited to the range from0.1 through 5 m. Particles l
13、arger than 5 m (macroparticles) may be expressed in accordance with Annex E of ISO 14644-1.3.1.2 FS209, nthe level of cleanliness specified by the maximum allowable number of particles per cubic foot of air as definedin FED-STD-209E.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThis is provided for information and to facilitat
14、e the transition to the use of the ISO classification standard (ISO 14644-1).3.1.3 clean area, na general term that includes cleanrooms, controlled areas, good housekeeping areas, and other areas thathave contamination control by physical design and specified operating procedures.3.1.4 clean zone, n
15、a defined space in which the contamination is controlled to meet specified cleanliness levels.3.1.5 contaminant, nunwanted molecular and particulate matter that could affect or degrade the performance of thecomponents upon which they reside.3.1.6 contamination, na process of contaminating.3.1.7 cont
16、rolled area, nan environmentally controlled area, operated as a cleanroom, but without the final stage of HEPA (orbetter) filters used in cleanrooms.3.1.7.1 DiscussionOnly rough filters (50 to 60 % efficiency) and medium efficiency filters (80 to 85 % efficiency) are required for a controlled area.T
17、he maximum allowable airborne particle concentrations are ISO Class 8.5 (FS209 Class 283 000) area for particles 0.5 m andISO Class 8 (FS209 Class 100 000) for particles 5.0 m.3.1.8 environmentally controlled areas, n cleanrooms, controlled areas, good housekeeping areas, and other enclosures thatar
18、e designed to protect products from contamination.3.1.8.1 DiscussionCleanliness is achieved by controlling air purity, temperature, humidity, materials, garments, and personnel activities.3.1.9 facility (clean facility), nthe total real property required to accomplish the cleanroom functions.3.1.10
19、good housekeeping area, nan environmentally controlled area without quantitative cleanliness requirements butmaintained in a visibly clean condition.3.1.10.1 DiscussionOffice, laboratory, and storage areas with air conditioning and janitorial service are typical of good housekeeping areas.3.1.11 HEP
20、A (high effciency particulate air) filter, na filter for air with a removal efficiency in excess of 99.97 % for 0.3-msized particles.3.1.11.1 DiscussionFor this application, HEPA filters shall meet the requirements of IEST-RP-CC001.3, IEST-RP-CC007.1, IEST-RP-CC034.1, and6.8 of this practice.3.1.12
21、molecular contaminant nonparticulate contaminant, nnonparticulate matter.3.1.12.1 DiscussionThe molecular contaminant may be in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state. It may be uniformly or nonuniformly distributed or be inthe form of droplets. Molecular contaminants account for most of the NVR.3.1.13 N
22、VR (nonvolatile residue), nquantity of residual soluble, suspended, and particulate matter remaining after thecontrolled evaporation of a volatile liquid at a specified temperature.3.1.13.1 DiscussionE1234 122The liquid is usually filtered through a membrane filter, of a specified size, before evapo
23、ration. The process used to determine theNVR may affect the quantitative measurement. Process factors include filter size, solvent, and the evaporation temperature andatmosphere. For this reason, the process must be defined.3.1.14 particle (particulate contaminant), n a piece of matter in a solid or
24、 liquid (droplet) state with observable length, width,and thickness. The size of a particle is usually defined by its greatest dimension and is specified in micrometres.3.1.15 separative device, nequipment utilizing constructional and dynamic means to create assured levels of separationbetween the i
25、nside and outside of a defined volume. Some industry-specific examples of separative devices are clean air hoods,containment enclosures, gloveboxes, isolators and mini-environments.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Covered, stainless steel, NVR plates are transported in a sealed carrier within an outer nylo
26、n bag to the facility that is tobe monitored for NVR deposition.4.2 The outer bag is removed from the plate carrier within the entrance air lock of the cleanroom, controlled area, or otherenvironmentally controlled area in accordance with the operational procedures for that facility and associated c
27、lean areas.4.3 The clean NVR plate carrier is taken into the clean area.4.4 Locations for attaching the plates within the clean area are in accordance with the facility contamination control plan,operating procedures, and other official documentation.4.5 Each NVR plate is removed from the carrier, t
28、he cover is removed, and the plate is mounted in a vertical position withinthe clean area.4.6 The cover is returned to the plate carrier for storage until required when the plates are collected after the required exposuretime.4.7 One of the NVR plates is removed from the carrier, the cover is remove
29、d, the cover is replaced, and the plate is returnedto the carrier. This NVR plate is handled in the same manner as the exposed plates. This plate is designated as the blank or controlsample.4.8 After exposure, the NVR plates are removed from their locations in the clean area and are replaced with cl
30、ean NVR platesin accordance with the facility and clean area contamination control plan, operating procedures, and other official documents.4.9 The exposed plates are covered and placed into the original NVR plate carrier, returned to the analysis laboratory, andprocessed in accordance with Test Met
31、hod E1235.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 NVR Plate, Type 316 corrosion-resistant steel with an area of approximately 0.1 m2 (1 ft2). The plate shown in Fig. 1 hasbeen found to be satisfactory. The surface texture of the sampling surface shall be 0.80 m (32 in.) or better per ANSI/ASMEB46.1. The plate
32、 shall be electropolished and engraved with an identification number.5.2 NVR Plate Cover, Type 316 corrosion-resistant steel. The cover shown in Fig. 2 has been found to be satisfactory. Thesurface texture shall be 0.80 m (32 in.) or better per ANSI/ASME B46.1.5.3 Noncontaminating Nylon (Polyamide)
33、Bag to enclose each covered NVR plate.65.3.1 Bags shall meet the safety and outgassing requirements for the spacecraft and spacecraft processing facility and shall notcontain or generate molecular or particulate matter that could contaminate the NVR plate or NVR plate carrier.5.4 NVR Plate CarrierTh
34、e sealable, aluminum carrier shown in Fig. 3 has been found to be satisfactory. The carrier shall beconstructed so as to prevent cross contamination between plates.5.5 Noncontaminating Nylon (Polyamide) Bag5, to protect the NVR plate carrier in 5.4. The polyamide film material shall meetthe safety a
35、nd outgassing requirements for the spacecraft and spacecraft processing facility. (See Note 2.)5.6 HEPA filtered, ISO Class 5 (FS209 Class 100), or better environment, as defined in ISO 14644-1, unidirectional air flow,clean work station.5.7 Gloves, solvent compatible and resistant.7 (WarningGloves
36、shall be used to protect the hands from accidental spills ofthe NVR solvent and minimize contamination of exposed samples. Gloves shall be selected to meet local safety and contaminationcontrol requirements.)5.8 Oil-Free Aluminum Foil,8to cover the NVR plate if the cover in 6.2 is not used.6 Heat-se
37、alable Capran 980 from Allied Chemical has been found to be satisfactory.7 Pioneer green nitrile gloves, Catalog No. A10-1, have been found to be satisfactory.8 Fed Spec. Food Service Grade aluminum foil, oil free, Federal Stock No. 8135-00-724-0551 has been found to be satisfactory.E1234 1235.9 HEP
38、A FiltersAll HEPA filters shall be constructed of low outgassing, corrosion-resistant, and fire-resistant materials suchas Grade 1 in IES-RP-CC001.3. Filters with stainless steel or aluminum frames should be considered. The filters shall not be testedwith DOP (dioctylphthalate) or other liquid aeros
39、ols. Ambient air and solid aerosol test methods are acceptable alternatives to theDOP test. Applicable test methods from IEST-RP-CC007.1 and IEST-RP-CC034.1 shall be considered.6. Procedure6.1 Clean and prepare the NVR sample plates and plate covers in accordance with Cleaning of Equipment (8.2) of
40、Test MethodE1235.FIG. 1 NVR Collector PlateFIG. 2 NVR Plate CoverE1234 1246.2 Verify that the carrier is visually clean. If cleaning is required, clean to Level 100A per IEST-STD-CC1246.6.3 Perform all packaging operations in a unidirectional air flow in clean work station ISO Class 5 (FS209 Class 1
41、00)environment as defined in ISO 14644-1 or an equivalent cleanroom or clean zone.6.4 Verify that the NVR plate cover (5.2) is on the NVR plate or that the oil-free aluminum foil (5.8) is installed.6.5 Verify that a certification decal or tag (See Fig. 4) is included with each NVR plate.NOTE 1Care s
42、hould be taken not to touch the sampling surfaces of the NVR plate. Gloves should be worn to prevent skin flakes and oil fromcontaminating the plates.6.6 Verify that the serial numbers of the NVR plates, plate covers, and carrier are on the traveler paper (see Fig. 5).6.7 Verify that the covered NVR
43、 plate is enclosed in a noncontaminating nylon bag (5.3) and installed in the NVR plate carrier.Place the lid on the carrier and fasten securely.6.8 Affix the proper quality decal or tag (see Fig. 4) to the container in accordance with local requirements.FIG. 3 NVR Plate CarrierNOTE 1(1) The quantit
44、y of NVR can be “mg/L,” “mg/0.1 m2,” and so forth. (2) The item can be “NVR plate,” “plate carrier,” “NVR solvent,” andso forth.FIG. 4 Typical Certification TagE1234 125FIG. 5 NVR Sample Plate TravelerE1234 1266.9 Seal the NVR plate carrier in the noncontaminating bag.6.10 Attach the traveler sheets
45、 (Fig. 5) to the outer bag.6.11 Transport the NVR plate carrier in a closed vehicle to the clean facility.NOTE 2The objective is to protect the carrier from contamination during transport. The noncontaminating nylon (polyamide) bag shall be used whenthe carrier is to be removed from a controlled env
46、ironment for transport.NOTE 3NVR plates inside secured plate carriers are to be transported within a moderately controlled area, for example, inside the cab of the truck,as to limit exposure to contamination and excessive changes in temperature. Plates returning to the laboratory for analysis are pa
47、rticularly critical becauseof possible volatility of the NVR.6.12 If the NVR plate carrier is not to be used immediately, store it within an outer nylon (polyamide) bag in an ISO Class 8.5(FS209 Class 300 000) or better clean area, a controlled area, or a good housekeeping area. Reclean the plates i
48、n accordance withTest Method E1235, Cleaning of Equipment (8.2), after six months for acceptability or as determined by local conditions.NOTE 4An acceptable storage time for the NVR plates before requiring recertification should be determined because local conditions can affect theprocess.6.13 Remov
49、e the outer bag in the entrance air lock of the cleanroom, controlled area, or other environmentally controlled areain accordance with the procedures of the clean areas for handling clean tools and instruments.6.14 Clean the outside of the NVR plate carrier, if required, in accordance with clean area procedures.6.15 Personnel shall wear the cleanroom garments prescribed for the clean area.6.16 Carry the NVR plate carrier into the clean area.6.17 Determine the mounting locations for the NVR plates. The locations are usually di
