1、Designation: E1519 10Standard Terminology Relating toAgricultural Tank Mix Adjuvants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology is used or is likely to be used in testmethods, specifications, guides, and practices related to agri-cultural tank mix adjuvant
3、s.1.2 These definitions are written to ensure that standardsrelated to agricultural tank mix adjuvants are properly under-stood and interpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other DetergentsD483 Test Method for Unsulfonated Residue of PetroleumPlan
4、t Spray OilsE609 Terminology Relating to PesticidesD2140 Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Compositionof Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin3. Terminology3.1 Terms and Definitions:absorptiona process in which one material (the absorbent)takes in and retains another (the absorbate).acidifiera mate
5、rial that can be added to spray mixtures tolower the pH.activatora material that increases the biological efficacy ofagrichemicals.active ingredienta component of the formulation that pro-duces a specific effect for which the formulation is designed.adjuvanta material added to a tank mix to aid or m
6、odify theaction of an agrichemical, or the physical characteristics ofthe mixture.alkalinity agenta material that can be added to the spraymixture to raise the pH.amphoteric surfactanta surface-active agent capable offorming, in aqueous solution, either surface-active anions orsurface-active cations
7、 depending on the pH.anionic surfactanta surface-active agent in which the activeportion of the molecule containing the lipophilic segmentforms exclusively a negative ion (anion) when placed inaqueous solution.antifoaming agenta material used to inhibit or prevent theformation of foam.attractanta ma
8、terial that attracts specific pests.basic blenda combination of wetting agent and bufferingagent that maintains a pH of the spray mixture greater than7.buffer or buffering agenta compound or mixture that, whencontained in solution, causes the solution to resist change inpH. Each buffer has a charact
9、eristic limited range of pH overwhich it is effective.canopy penetrating agentan adjuvant that increases thepenetration of the spray material into the crop canopy. Seedeposition aid.cationic surfactanta surface-active agent in which theactive portion of the molecule containing the lipophilicsegment
10、forms exclusively a positive ion (cation) whenplaced in aqueous solution.coloranta material used to alter the color of the tank patibility agenta surface-active agent that allows simul-taneous application of liquid fertilizer and agrichemical, ortwo or more agrichemical formulations, as a uniform ta
11、nkmix, or improves the homogeneity of the mixture and theuniformity of the application.crop oil concentratean emulsifiable petroleum oil-basedproduct containing 15 to 20 % w/w surfactant and a mini-mum of 80 % w/w phytobland oil.crop oil (emulsifiable)an emulsifiable petroleum oil-basedproduct conta
12、ining up to 5 % w/w surfactant and theremainder of a phytobland oil.crop oil (non-emulsifiable)See phytobland oil.defoaming agenta material that eliminates or suppressesfoam in the spray tankdeposition aida material that improves the ability of ag-richemical sprays to deposit on targeted surfaces.do
13、rmant oila horticultural spray oil applied during thedormant phase of the targeted plant. (See horticulturalspray oil.)1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 onPesticides and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide For
14、mulations and Delivery Systems.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E1519 06a1. DOI:10.1520/E1519-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service a
15、t serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.drift control agenta material used in liquid spra
16、y mixturesto reduce spray drift.drift reduction agentSee drift control agent.emulsifiera surfactant that promotes the suspension of oneimmiscible liquid in another.esterified seed oila modified seed oil wherein the fatty acidsare esterified with an alcohol (such as methyl or ethyl).evaporation reduc
17、tion agenta material that reduces theevaporation rate of a spray mix during or after application, orboth.extendera material that increases the effective life of anagrichemical after application.foam suppressantSee defoamer.foaming agenta material that increases the volume orstability of the foam for
18、med in a spray mixture.foliar retention agenta substance that increases the timeand agrichemical remains in the targeted foliar zone.functioning agenta component of the formulation thatproduces a specific effect for which the formulation isdesigned.high surfactant oil concentratean emulsifiable oil
19、basedproduct containing 2550% w/w surfactant an a minimum of50% w/w oil.humectanta material which increases the equilibrium watercontent and increases the drying time of an aqueous spraydeposit.modified vegetable oilan oil, extracted from seeds, that hasbeen chemically modified (for example, methyla
20、ted).modified vegetable oil concentratean emulsifiable, chemi-cally modified vegetable oil product containing 5 to 20 %w/w surfactant and the remainder chemically modifiedvegetable oil.naphtha-based oila petroleum oil containing a majority ofthe naphtha fraction.nonionic surfactanta surface-active a
21、gent having no ioniz-able polar end groups but comprised of hydrophilic andlipophilic segments.oilSee petroleum, vegetable, paraffinic, and so forth.paraffinic oila petroleum oil (derived from paraffin crudeoil) whose paraffinic carbon type content is typically greaterthan 60 %. D2140penetranta mate
22、rial that enhances the ability of an ag-richemical to enter a substrate or penetrate a surface.petroleum oiloil derived from petroleum; contains a mixtureof hydrocarbons that are broadly classified as paraffins,napthenes, aromatics, or other unsaturates, or combinationthereof.phytobland oila highly
23、refined paraffinic material with aminimum unsulfonated residue of 92 % v/v. D483rainfastness agenta material which improves rainfastness.E609silicone surfactanta surface active agent in which at least75 % (by weight) is derived from organically modifiedsilicone.soil retention agenta substance that i
24、ncreases the time anagrichemical or water remains in the targeted soil zone.spreadera material which increases the area that a droplet ofa given volume of spray mixture will cover on a target.spreader/stickera material that has the properties of both aspreader and a sticker.stickera material that as
25、sists the spray deposit to adhere tothe target in terms of resistance to wind, water, mechanicalaction.surface-active agenta material that when added to a liquidmedium modifies the properties of the medium at a surfaceor interface. D459NOTE 1Surface-active agent is the general term which includessol
26、uble detergents in liquid medium, dispersing agents, emulsifyingagents, foaming agents, penetrating agents, and wetting agents.surfactantSee surface-active agent.vegetable oiloil extracted from seeds; typically those ofcorn, cotton, peanut, rapeseed, sunflower, canola, or soy-bean.vegetable oil conc
27、entratean emulsifiable vegetable oilproduct containing 5 to 20 % w/w surfactant and a minimumof 80 % w/w vegetable oil.water conditioning agenta material that reduces or elimi-nates the antagonism between a pesticide and ions present inthe application water and results in improved bioefficacy.wettin
28、g agentwetting agents can be considered synonymouswith spreaders in function.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision
29、of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shoul
30、dmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E1519 102
