1、Designation: E1519 13E1519 15Standard Terminology Relating toAgricultural Tank Mix Adjuvants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology is used or is likely to be used in test methods, specifications, guides, and practices related to agriculturaltank mix a
3、djuvants.1.2 These definitions are written to ensure that standards related to agricultural tank mix adjuvants are properly understood andinterpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other DetergentsD483 Test Method for Unsulfonated Residue of Petrole
4、um Plant Spray OilsE609 Terminology Relating to PesticidesD2140 Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin3. Terminology3.1 Terms and Definitions:absorptiona process in which one material (the absorbent) takes in and retains another (the absorbate).acidif
5、iera material that can be added to spray mixtures to lower the pH.activatora material that increases the biological efficacy of agrichemicals.active ingredienta component of the formulation that produces a specific effect for which the formulation is designed.adjuvanta material added to a tank mix t
6、o aid or modify the action of an agrichemical, or the physical characteristics of themixture.alkalinity agenta material that can be added to the spray mixture to raise the pH.amphoteric surfactanta surface-active agent capable of forming, in aqueous solution, either surface-active anions orsurface-a
7、ctive cations depending on the pH.anionic surfactanta surface-active agent in which the activehydrophilic portion of the molecule containing the lipophilicsegment forms exclusively a negative ion (anion) when placed in aqueous solution.antifoaming agenta material used to inhibit or prevent the forma
8、tion of foam.attractanta material that attracts specific pests.basic blenda combination of wetting agent and buffering agent that maintains a pH of the spray mixture greater than 7.buffer or buffering agenta compound or mixture that, when contained in solution, causes the solution to resist change i
9、n pH.Each buffer has a characteristic limited range of pH over which it is effective.1 This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and D
10、elivery Systems.Current edition approved June 1, 2013June 1, 2015. Published October 2013July 2015. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20102013 asE1519 10.E1519 13. DOI: 10.1520/E1519-13.10.1520/E1519-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org,
11、 or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes
12、have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official
13、document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1canopy penetrating agentan adjuvant that increases the penetration of the spray material into the crop canopy. See depositionaid.cationic surfactanta surface-active agent in whi
14、ch the activehydrophilic portion of the molecule containing the lipophilicsegment forms exclusively a positive ion (cation) when placed in aqueous solution.coloranta material used to alter the color of the tank patibility agenta surface-active agent that allows simultaneous application of liquid fer
15、tilizer and agrichemical, or two ormore agrichemical formulations, as a uniform tank mix, or improves the homogeneity of the mixture and the uniformity of theapplication.crop oil concentratean emulsifiable petroleum oil-based product containing 15 to 20 % w/w surfactant and a minimum of 80 %w/w phyt
16、obland oil.crop oil (emulsifiable)an emulsifiable petroleum oil-based product containing up to 5 % w/w surfactant and the remainder ofa phytobland oil.crop oil (non-emulsifiable)See phytobland oil.defoaming agenta material that eliminates or suppresses foam in the spray tankdeposition aida material
17、that improves the ability of agrichemical sprays to deposit on targeted surfaces.dormant oila horticultural spray oil applied during the dormant phase of the targeted plant. (See horticultural spray oil.)drift control agentSee drift reduction agent.drift reduction agenta material used in liquid spra
18、y mixtures to reduce driftable fines.drift retardantSee drift reduction agent.driftable finesthe percent volume of spray droplet size distribution that is under 105 microns.emulsifiera surfactant that promotes the suspension of one immiscible liquid in another.esterified seed oila modified seed oil
19、wherein the fatty acids are esterified with an alcohol (such as methyl or ethyl).evaporation reduction agenta material that reduces the evaporation rate of a spray mix during or after application, or both.extendera material that increases the effective life of an agrichemical after application.foam
20、suppressantSee defoamer.foaming agenta material that increases the volume or stability of the foam formed in a spray mixture.foliar retention agenta substance that increases the time and agrichemical remains in the targeted foliar zone.functioning agenta component of the formulation that produces a
21、specific effect for which the formulation is designed.high surfactant oil concentratean emulsifiable oil based product containing 2550% w/w surfactant an a minimum of 50% w/woil.humectanta material which increases the equilibrium water content and increases the drying time of an aqueous spray deposi
22、t.modified vegetable oilan oil, extracted from seeds, that has been chemically modified (for example, methylated).modified vegetable oil concentratean emulsifiable, chemically modified vegetable oil product containing 5 to 20 % w/wsurfactant and the remainder chemically modified vegetable oil.naphth
23、a-based oila petroleum oil containing a majority of the naphtha fraction.nonionic surfactanta surface-active agent having no ionizable polar end groups but comprised of hydrophilic and lipophilicsegments.oilSee petroleum, vegetable, paraffinic, and so forth.paraffinic oila petroleum oil (derived fro
24、m paraffin crude oil) whose paraffinic carbon type content is typically greater than60 %. D2140penetranta material that enhances the ability of an agrichemical to enter a substrate or penetrate a surface.petroleum oiloil derived from petroleum; contains a mixture of hydrocarbons that are broadly cla
25、ssified as paraffins, napthenes,aromatics, or other unsaturates, or combination thereof.E1519 152phytobland oila highly refined paraffinic material with a minimum unsulfonated residue of 92 % v/v.vv. D483rainfastness agenta material which improves rainfastness. E609silicone surfactanta surface activ
26、e agent in which at least 75 % (by weight) is derived from organically modified silicone.soil retention agenta substance that increases the time an agrichemical or water remains in the targeted soil zone.spreadera material which increases the area that a droplet of a given volume of spray mixture wi
27、ll cover on a target.spreader/stickera material that has the properties of both a spreader and a sticker.stickera material that assists the spray deposit to adhere to the target in terms of resistance to wind, water, mechanical action.surface-active agenta material comprised of lipophilic and hydrop
28、hilic parts that when added to a liquid medium modifies theproperties of the medium at asurface or interface by concentrating at the surface or interface. D459NOTE 1Surface-active agent is the general term which includes soluble detergents in liquid medium, dispersing agents, emulsifying agents, foa
29、mingagents, penetrating agents, and wetting agents.surfactantSee surface-active agent.vegetable oiloil extracted from seeds; typically those of corn, cotton, peanut, rapeseed, sunflower, canola, or soybean.vegetable oil concentratean emulsifiable vegetable oil product containing 5 to 20 % w/w surfac
30、tant and a minimum of 80 %w/w vegetable oil.water conditioning agenta material that reduces or eliminates the antagonism between a pesticide and ions present in theapplication water and results in improved bioefficacy.wetting agentwetting agents can be considered synonymous with spreaders in functio
31、n.E1519 153This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed
32、 to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the a
33、ddress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 154
