1、Designation: E1519 15E1519 15aStandard Terminology Relating toAgricultural Tank Mix Adjuvants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology is used or is likely to be used in test methods, specifications, guides, and practices related to agriculturaltank mix
3、adjuvants.1.2 These definitions are written to ensure that standards related to agricultural tank mix adjuvants are properly understood andinterpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other DetergentsD483 Test Method for Unsulfonated Residue of Petrol
4、eum Plant Spray OilsE609 Terminology Relating to PesticidesD2140 Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin3. Terminology3.1 Terms and Definitions:absorptionabsorption, na process in which one material (the absorbent) takes in and retains another (the abs
5、orbate).acidifieracidifier, na material that can be added to spray mixtures to lower the pH.activatoractivator, na material that increases the biological efficacy of agrichemicals.active ingredientingredient, na component of the formulation that produces a specific effect for which the formulation i
6、sdesigned.adjuvantadjuvant, na material added to a tank mix to aid or modify the action of an agrichemical, or the physicalcharacteristics of the mixture.alkalinity agentagent, na material that can be added to the spray mixture to raise the pH.amphoteric surfactantsurfactant, na surface-active agent
7、 capable of forming, in aqueous solution, either surface-activeanions or surface-active cations depending on the pH.anionic surfactantsurfactant, nsurface-active agent in which the hydrophilic portion of the molecule forms exclusively anegative ion (anion) when placed in aqueous solution.antifoaming
8、 agentagent, na material used to inhibit or prevent the formation of foam.attractantattractant, na material that attracts specific pests.basic blendblend, na combination of wetting agent and buffering agent that maintains a pH of the spray mixture greater than7.1 This terminology is under the jurisd
9、iction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems.Current edition approved June 1, 2015Aug. 1, 2015. Published July 2015August 2015. Originally approved in 1
10、993. Last previous edition approved in 20132015 asE1519 13.E1519 15. DOI: 10.1520/E1519-15.10.1520/E1519-15A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the stan
11、dards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurate
12、ly, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1
13、buffer or buffering agentagent, na compound or mixture that, when contained in solution, causes the solution to resist changein pH. Each buffer has a characteristic limited range of pH over which it is effective.canopy penetrating agentagent, nan adjuvant that increases the penetration of the spray
14、material into the crop canopy. Seedeposition aid.cationic surfactantsurfactant, na surface-active agent in which the hydrophilic portion of the molecule forms exclusively apositive ion (cation) when placed in aqueous solution.colorantcolorant, na material used to alter the color of the tank patibili
15、ty agentagent, na surface-active agent that allows simultaneous application of liquid fertilizer and agrichemical,or two or more agrichemical formulations, as a uniform tank mix, or improves the homogeneity of the mixture and theuniformity of the application.crop oil concentrateconcentrate, nan emul
16、sifiable petroleum oil-based product containing 15 to 20 % w/www surfactantand a minimum of 80 % w/w phytobland oil.crop oil (emulsifiable)(emulsifiable), nan emulsifiable petroleum oil-based product containing up to 5 % w/www surfactantand the remainder of a phytobland oil.crop oil (non-emulsifiabl
17、e)(non-emulsifiable),nSee phytobland oil.defoaming agentagent, na material that eliminates or suppresses foam in the spray tankdeposition aidaid, na material that improves the ability of agrichemical sprays to deposit on targeted surfaces.dormant oiloil, na horticultural spray oil applied during the
18、 dormant phase of the targeted plant. (See horticultural sprayoil.)drift control agent,nSee drift reduction agent.drift reduction agentagent, na material used in liquid spray mixtures to reduce driftable fines.drift retardant,nSee drift reduction agent.driftable finesfines, nthe percent volume of sp
19、ray droplet size distribution that is under 105 microns.emulsifieremulsifier, na surfactant that promotes the suspension of one immiscible liquid in another.esterified seed oiloil, na modified seed oil wherein the fatty acids are esterified with an alcohol (such as methyl or ethyl).evaporation reduc
20、tion agentagent, na material that reduces the evaporation rate of a spray mix during or after application,or both.extenderextender, na material that increases the effective life of an agrichemical after application.foam suppressant,nSee defoamer.foaming agentagent, na material that increases the vol
21、ume or stability of the foam formed in a spray mixture.foliar retention agentagent, na substance that increases the time and agrichemical remains in the targeted foliar zone.functioning agentagent, na component of the formulation that produces a specific effect for which the formulation isdesigned.h
22、igh surfactant oil concentrateconcentrate, nan emulsifiable oil based product containing 2550% w/w surfactant an aminimum of 50% w/w oil.humectanthumectant, na material which increases the equilibrium water content and increases the drying time of an aqueousspray deposit.modified vegetable oiloil, n
23、an oil, extracted from seeds, that has been chemically modified (for example, methylated).modified vegetable oil concentrateconcentrate, nan emulsifiable, chemically modified vegetable oil product containing 5 to20 % w/w surfactant and the remainder chemically modified vegetable oil.naphtha-based oi
24、loil, na petroleum oil containing a majority of the naphtha fraction.nonionic surfactantsurfactant, na surface-active agent having no ionizable polar end groups but comprised of hydrophilicand lipophilic segments.that has no ionizable functional groups.oil,nSee petroleum, vegetable, paraffinic, and
25、so forth.E1519 15a2paraffinic oiloil, na petroleum oil (derived from paraffin crude oil) whose paraffinic carbon type content is typically greaterthan 60 %. D2140penetrantpenetrant, na material that enhances the ability of an agrichemical to enter a substrate or penetrate a surface.petroleum oiloil,
26、 noil derived from petroleum; contains a mixture of hydrocarbons that are broadly classified as paraffins,napthenes, aromatics, or other unsaturates, or combination thereof.phytobland oiloil, na highly refined paraffinic material with a minimum unsulfonated residue of 92 % vv/v.v. D483rainfastness a
27、gentagent, na material which improves rainfastness. E609silicone surfactantsurfactant, na surface active agent in which at least 75 % (by weight) is derived from organically modifiedsilicone.soil retention agentagent, na substance that increases the time an agrichemical or water remains in the targe
28、ted soil zone.spreaderspreader, na material which increases the area that a droplet of a given volume of spray mixture will cover on atarget.spreader/stickerspreader/sticker, na material that has the properties of both a spreader and a sticker.stickersticker, na material that assists the spray depos
29、it to adhere to the target in terms of resistance to wind, water,mechanical action.surface-active agentagent, na material comprised of lipophilic and hydrophilic parts that when added to a liquid mediummodifies the properties of the surface or interface by concentrating at the surface or interface.D
30、ISCUSSIONSurface-active agent is the general term which includes soluble detergents in liquid medium, dispersing agents, emulsifying agents, foaming agents,penetrating agents, and wetting agents. D459NOTE 1Surface-active agent is the general term which includes soluble detergents in liquid medium, d
31、ispersing agents, emulsifying agents, foamingagents, penetrating agents, and wetting agents.surfactant,nSee surface-active agent.vegetable oiloil, noil extracted from seeds; typically those of corn, cotton, peanut, rapeseed, sunflower, canola, or soybean.vegetable oil concentrateconcentrate, nan emu
32、lsifiable vegetable oil product containing 5 to 20 % w/www surfactant anda minimum of 80 % w/w vegetable oil.water conditioning agentagent, na material that reduces or eliminates the antagonism between a pesticide and ions presentin the application water and results in improved bioefficacy.wetting a
33、gentagent, nwetting agents can be considered synonymous with spreaders in function.E1519 15a3This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited eithe
34、r for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair he
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