1、Designation: E1519 15bE1519 16Standard Terminology Relating toAgricultural Tank Mix Adjuvants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology is used or is likely to be used in test methods, specifications, guides, and practices related to agriculturaltank mix
3、adjuvants.1.2 These definitions are written to ensure that standards related to agricultural tank mix adjuvants are properly understood andinterpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other DetergentsD483 Test Method for Unsulfonated Residue of Petrol
4、eum Plant Spray OilsE609 Terminology Relating to PesticidesD2140 Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin3. Terminology3.1 Terms and Definitions:absorption, na process in which one material (the absorbent) takes in and retains another (the absorbate).ac
5、idifier, na material that can be added to spray mixtures to lower the pH.activator, na material that increases the biological efficacy of agrichemicals.active ingredient, na component of the formulation that produces a specific effect for which the formulation is designed.adjuvant, na material added
6、 to a tank mix to aid or modify the action of an agrichemical, or the physical characteristics of themixture.alkalinity agent, na material that can be added to the spray mixture to raise the pH.amphoteric surfactant, na surface-active agent capable of forming, in aqueous solution, either surface-act
7、ive anions orsurface-active cations depending on the pH.anionic surfactant, nsurface-active agent in which the hydrophilic portion of the molecule forms exclusively a negative ion(anion) when placed in aqueous solution.antifoaming agent, na material used to inhibit or prevent the formation of foam.a
8、ttractant, na material that attracts specific pests.basic blend, na combination of wetting agent and buffering agent that maintains a pH of the spray mixture greater than 7.buffer or buffering agent, na compound or mixture that, when contained in solution, causes the solution to resist change in pH.
9、Each buffer has a characteristic limited range of pH over which it is effective.1 This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and Delive
10、ry Systems.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015Sept. 15, 2016. Published October 2015September 2016. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2015 asE1519 15a.E1519 15b. DOI: 10.1520/E1519-15B.10.1520/E1519-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org
11、, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes
12、 have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official
13、 document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1canopy penetrating agent, nan adjuvant that increases the penetration of the spray material into the crop canopy. See depositionaid.cationic surfactant, na surface-active agent
14、 in which the hydrophilic portion of the molecule forms exclusively a positive ion(cation) when placed in aqueous solution.colorant, na material used to alter the color of the tank patibility agent, na surface-active agent that allows simultaneous application of liquid fertilizer and agrichemical, o
15、r twoor more agrichemical formulations, as a uniform tank mix, or improves the homogeneity of the mixture and the uniformity ofthe application.crop oil concentrate, nan emulsifiable petroleum oil-based product containing 15 to 20 % ww surfactant and a minimum of80 % w/w phytobland oil.crop oil (emul
16、sifiable), nan emulsifiable petroleum oil-based product containing up to 5 % ww surfactant and the remainderof a phytobland oil.crop oil (non-emulsifiable),nSee phytobland oil.defoaming agent, na material that eliminates or suppresses foam in the spray tankdeposition aid, na material that improves t
17、he ability of agrichemical sprays to deposit on targeted surfaces.dormant oil, na horticultural spray oil applied during the dormant phase of the targeted plant. (See horticultural spray oil.)drift control agent,nSee drift reduction agent.drift reduction agent, na material used in liquid spray mixtu
18、res to reduce driftable fines.drift retardant,nSee drift reduction agent.driftable fines, nthe percent volume of spray droplet size distribution that is under 105 microns.emulsifier, na surfactant that promotes the suspensiondispersion of one immiscible liquid in another.esterified seed oil, na modi
19、fied seed oil wherein the fatty acids are esterified with an alcohol (such as methyl or ethyl).evaporation reduction agent, na material that reduces the evaporation rate of a spray mix during or after application, or both.extender, na material that increases the effective life of an agrichemical aft
20、er application.foam suppressant,nSee defoamer.foaming agent, na material that increases the volume or stability of the foam formed in a spray mixture.foliar retention agent, na substance that increases the time and agrichemical remains in the targeted foliar zone.functioning agent, na component of t
21、he formulation that produces a specific effect for which the formulation is designed.high surfactant oil concentrate, nan emulsifiable oil based product containing 25-50% w/w surfactant and a minimum of 50%w/w oil.high surfactant crop oil concentrate, na high surfactant oil concentrate where the oil
22、 is a petroleum oil.high surfactant modified vegetable oil concentrate, na high surfactant oil concentrate where the oil is a modified vegetable oil.high surfactant vegetable oil concentrate, na high surfactant oil concentrate where the oil is a vegetable oil.humectant, na material which increases t
23、he equilibrium water content and increases the drying time of an aqueous spray deposit.modified vegetable oil, nan oil, extracted from seeds, that has been chemically modified (for example, methylated).modified vegetable oil concentrate, nan emulsifiable, chemically modified vegetable oil product co
24、ntaining 5 to 20 % w/wsurfactant and the remainder chemically modified vegetable oil.naphtha-based oil, na petroleum oil containing a majority of the naphtha fraction.nonionic surfactant, na surface-active agent that has no ionizable functional groups.oil,nSee petroleum, vegetable, paraffinic, and s
25、o forth.paraffinic oil, na petroleum oil (derived from paraffin crude oil) whose paraffinic carbon type content is typically greater than60 %. D2140penetrant, na material that enhances the ability of an agrichemical to enter a substrate or penetrate a surface.E1519 162petroleum oil, noil derived fro
26、m petroleum; contains a mixture of hydrocarbons that are broadly classified as paraffins,napthenes, aromatics, or other unsaturates, or combination thereof.phytobland oil, na highly refined paraffinic material with a minimum unsulfonated residue of 92 % v/v. D483rainfastness agent, na material which
27、 improves rainfastness. E609silicone surfactant, na surface active agent in which at least 75 % (by weight) is derived from organically modified silicone.soil retention agent, na substance that increases the time an agrichemical or water remains in the targeted soil zone.spreader, na material which
28、increases the area that a droplet of a given volume of spray mixture will cover on a target.spreader/sticker, na material that has the properties of both a spreader and a sticker.sticker, na material that assists the spray deposit to adhere to the target in terms of resistance to wind, water, mechan
29、ical action.surface-active agent, na material comprised of lipophilic and hydrophilic parts that when added to a liquid medium modifiesthe properties of the surface or interface by concentrating at the surface or interface.DISCUSSIONSurface-active agent is the general term which includes soluble det
30、ergents in liquid medium, dispersing agents, emulsifying agents, foaming agents,penetrating agents, and wetting agents. D459surfactant,nSee surface-active agent.vegetable oil, noil extracted from seeds; typically those of corn, cotton, peanut, rapeseed, sunflower, canola, or soybean.vegetable oil co
31、ncentrate, nan emulsifiable vegetable oil product containing 5 to 20 % ww surfactant and a minimum of 80 %w/w vegetable oil.water conditioning agent, na material that reduces or eliminates the antagonism between a pesticide and ions present in theapplication water and results in improved bioefficacy
32、.wetting agent, nwetting agents can be considered synonymous with spreaders in function.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for
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