1、Designation: E1549 06E1549/E1549M 13Standard Specification forESD Controlled Garments Required in Cleanrooms andControlled Environments for Spacecraft for Non-Hazardousand Hazardous Operations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1549;E1549/E1549M; the number immediately following th
2、e designation indicatesthe year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This document specifies
3、special items of clothing (cleanroom garments) designed to protect aerospace products fromelectrostatic discharge and from contaminants released by personnel and garments. Special clothing includes low linting coveralls,footwear, and head covers.1.2 The function of cleanroom garments is to contain t
4、he contaminants generated by people and to minimize contaminants fromthe garments.1.3 Two types of fabrics can be selected for the garments. Both types are inherently static-dissipative materials to preventelectrical discharges that can damage sensitive hardware or initiate explosions in the presenc
5、e of flammable vapors. The materialspecified for “hazardous environments” is flame resistant and provides additional protection to the wearer. Selection of garmentdesign and fabric should be based on the users needs with respect to functional and environmental requirements.1.4 Additional, background
6、 information can be found in SD-TR-91-26 and IES-RP-CC003.2.IEST-RP-CC003.3.1.5 This standard is intended to be in compliance with the ASTM policy on Fire Standards. 2 Flammability tests specified in thisstandard should be used to measure and describe the properties of fabrics in response to heat an
7、d flame under controlledlaboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fabrics under actual fire conditions. However, results ofthe tests may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to anassessment of the
8、 fire hazard of operations in controlled environment areas.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
9、values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determin
10、e the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information purposes onlybut are hard conversions.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD204 Tes
11、t Methods for Sewing ThreadsD1863D1683 Specification for Mineral Aggregate Used on Built-Up RoofsTest Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of WovenApparel FabricsD1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting1 This specification is under the jurisdiction o
12、f ASTM Committee E21 on Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006May 15, 2013. Published December 2006 July 2013. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2
13、0002006 asE1549 95 (2000)E1549 06.1. DOI: 10.1520/E1549-06.10.1520/E1549_E1549M-13.2 ASTM Fire Test Standards, 4th Edition, Dec. 1993, Standards and Related Technical Material; 7th Edition, June 2007, ISBN13: 978-0-8031-5684-5, available on requestfrom ASTM Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., PO Box
14、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194282959.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an
15、 ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. I
16、n all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2257 Test Method for Extractable Matter in TextilesD5034 Test Method f
17、or Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)D6193 Practice for Stitches and SeamsD737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile FabricsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE535 Practice for Preparation of Fire-Test-R
18、esponse StandardsE1560 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom WipersF51 Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particulate Contaminant In and On Clean Room GarmentsF739 Test Method for Permeation of Liquids and Gases through Protective Clothing Materials under C
19、onditions of ContinuousContactF1506 Performance Specification for Flame Resistant andArc Rated Textile Materials for WearingApparel for Use by ElectricalWorkers Exposed to Momentary Electric Arc and Related Thermal Hazards2.2 U.S. Federal Standards:4FED-SPEC-191CFR Title 16 Part 1610 Textile Test Me
20、thod Standard for the Flammability of Clothing TextilesFED STD A-A 50195 Thread, AramidFED-STD-209E Airborne Particulate Cleanliness Classes in Cleanrooms and Clean ZonesFED-STD-751a Stitches, Seams, and Stitchings2.3 U.S. Department of Defense:MIL-C-43122EMIL-C-43122G Cloth, Sateen, Cotton, Flame R
21、etardant Treated5MIL-C-43339D Coveralls, Industrial: Lint-Free, 7 Nov. 19885MIL-W-43685BMIL-DTL-43685C Webbing and Tape, Textile, Aramid Fiber, 20 Sept. 1989Fiber5MIL-STD-3010B Test Procedures for Packaging Materials5SD-TR-89-63 Standard Methods for Measurement of Nonvolatile Residue on Surfaces, E.
22、 N. Borson, E. J. Watts, G.A. To; U.S.Air Force, Space Systems Division, 10 Aug. 19896SD-TR-91-26 Garment Selection for Cleanrooms and Controlled Environments for Spacecraft, E. J.Watts, U.S.Air Force, SpaceSystems Division, 1 April 19916AGMC/MAQC-335c “Personnel Garments, Electrostatic Discharge (E
23、SD) Requirements for the Protection of ESD SensitiveItems72.4 NASA:KSC-SPEC-P-0016 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Garment Snap Fastener7MMA-1985-79,KSC-MMA-1985-79, Revision 2,6, Standard Test Method for Evaluating Triboelectric Charge Generation andDecay7GP-1098 STS Safety, Reliability,
24、 and Quality Assurance Ground Safety Plan, Launch Complex 39, KSC Industrial Area9NHB 8060.1NASA-STD-6001 C, NASA Handbook, Flammability, Odor, Flammability, Offgassing, and CompatibilityRequirements and Test Procedures for Materials in Environments that Support Combustion, April 2, 1991, Procedures
25、,Upward Flame Propagation Test (Test 1)82.5 Others:NFPA#702-1980ANSI/ESD S20.20 Standard for Classification of the Flammability of WearingApparelFor the Development ofan Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment(Excluding Elec
26、trically Initiated Explosive Devices)9ESD ADV1.0-2009 ESD Association Advisory for Electrostatic Discharge Terminology, Glossary9IES-RP-CC-003.2IEST-RP-CC-003.3 Garments Required In Cleanrooms And Controlled Environment Areas10IEST-RP-CC022.2 Electrostatic Charge in Cleanrooms and Other Controlled E
27、nvironments10NFPA 70E Electrical Safety in the Workplace114 Available from U.S. General Services Administration,Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.5 Available from U.S. Natick Research Development and Engineering Center, Natick, MA 07160-5014.6 Reprints available from The Aerospace Corporati
28、on Library, P.O. Box 92957, El Segundo, CA 90009.7 Aerospace Guidance and Metrology Center, U.S. Air Force, Neward AFS, Ohio, 22 Feb. 1989.NASA Technical Standards Program Office, ED10, MSFC, AL, 35812;Online, available: https:/standards.nasa.gov/documents/ksc8 NASA Kennedy Space Center, Materials T
29、esting Branch, 15 July 1988.8 NASA Kennedy Space Center.Technical Standards Program Office, ED10, MSFC, AL 35812; Online, available: https:/standards.nasa.gov/documents/nasa.10 Office of Safety and Mission Quality (Code QR), NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546.9 Available from National Fire Prot
30、ection Association, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269.Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3, Rome, NY13440.10 Available from the Institute of Environmental Sciences, 940 E. Northwest Highway, Mount Prospect, IL 60056.11 Available from National Fire Protection Association (NF
31、PA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.E1549/E1549M 1322.6 International Standards:12ISO 14644-1 Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments, Classification of Air CleanlinessISO 14644-2 Cleanrooms andAssociated Controlled Environments-Specifications for testing an
32、d monitoring to prove continuedcompliance with ISO 14644-13. Terminology3.1 Terminology related to textiles is based on Terminology D123. Terminology related to fire safety is based on TerminologyE176.3.2 General Definitions:3.2.1 cleanroom, nan area in which the airborne particle concentrations, te
33、mperature, humidity, molecular species, pressure,activities, and other environmental parameters are controlled, as required, to produce acceptable products.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe use of HEPA, or better, filters are usually required for the incoming air, and the maximum allowable airborne particleconc
34、entrations are specified in accordance with the ISO 14644 standards.3.2.2 electrostatic discharge, ESD, na high voltage electrical discharge that occurs when electrical charges accumulate on orin materials as a result of friction between materials.3.2.3 fiber, na particle with a length to diameter r
35、atio of ten or more. (See textile fibers.)3.2.4 gloss, na shiny or lustrous appearance resulting from the tendency of a surface to reflect light at one angle more thanat others.3.2.5 HEPA (high effciency particulate air) filter, na filter for air with a removal efficiency in excess of 99.97 % for 0.
36、3-mparticles.3.2.6 NVR (nonvolatile residue), nquantity of residual soluable,soluble, suspended, and particulate matter remaining after thecontrolled evaporation of a volatile liquid at a specified temperature.3.2.6.1 DiscussionThe liquid is usually filtered through a membrane filter, of a specified
37、 size, before evaporation. The process used to determine theNVR may affect the quantitative measurement. Process factors include filter size, solvent, and the evaporation temperature andatmosphere. For this reason, the process must be defined. The NVR of fabrics is determined by extracting a specifi
38、ed quantity offabric using a specified solvent. The solvent is then evaporated to determine the NVR extracted from the fabric. See extractablematter,3.3.7, which is frequently used to describe NVR in fabrics.3.2.7 particle, na solid or liquid object generally between 0.001 and 1000 m (1 mm) in size.
39、3.2.8 U.S. Customary Units System, USCS, nThe system of units in common use in the United States. This is frequently calledthe “inch-pound system.”3.3 Fabric Definitions:3.3.1 count, nin woven textiles, the number of warp yarns (ends) and filling yarns (picks) per unit distance as counted whilethe f
40、abric is held under zero tension and is free of folds and wrinkles.3.3.2 Dacron, nDuPont registered trademark for its polyester fiber.3.3.3 Delrin, nDuPont trade name for a crystalline form of polymerized formaldehyde.3.3.4 denier, na direct numbering system for expressing linear density, equal to t
41、he mass in grams per 9000 m of yarn,filament, fiber, or other textile strand.3.3.5 drycleaning, ncleaning fabrics in a substantially nonaqueous liquid medium.3.3.5.1 DiscussionPerchloroethylene is typically used.3.3.6 end, nan individual warp yarn (single or ply) or cord.12 Available from American N
42、ational Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd. St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. These standards supersede FED-STD-209E. The lattermay still be used if mutually agreed to beby customer and supplier.E1549/E1549M 1333.3.7 extractable matter, nnonfibrous material in or on a textile, not including wa
43、ter, which is removable by a specified solventor solvents, as directed in a specified procedure. See NVR,3.2.6.3.3.8 textile fiber, n(1) generala generic term for the various types of matter that form the basic elements of textile fabricsand other textile structures.(2) specifica unit of matter that
44、 is characterized by having a length at least 100 times its diameter or width and which can bespun into a yarn or made into a fabric by interlacing in a variety of methods, including knitting, braiding, felting, and twisting.3.3.9 filament, na variety of fiber having extreme length, not readily meas
45、ured.3.3.9.1 DiscussionSynthetic fibers formed from man-made and natural polymers are in this class.3.3.10 filling, nyarn running from selvage to selvage at right angles to the warp in a woven fabric.3.3.11 float, nthe portion of a warp or filling yarn that extends unbound over two or more filling o
46、r warp yarns.3.3.12 foreign object debris (FOD), na substance, debris or article which is alien to a vehicle or system which wouldpotentially cause damage.3.3.13 laundering, na process used to refurbish a textile product by (1) cleaning it in water containing a detergent or surfactantand (2) drying
47、it.3.3.13.1 DiscussionLaundering for cleanroom garments requires the use of water, cleaning agents, environmental control, and packaging so that thegarments are compatible with the final product cleanliness requirements.3.3.14 lint, nfiber fragments abraded from textile materials; also loose short f
48、ibers or fluff.3.3.15 -Nomex,Nomex, na synthetic aramid fiber manufactured by DuPont that meets the requirements of NASAHandbook, NHB 8060.1C,Technical Standard, NASA-STD-6001, Test 1 for flame retardancy.3.3.16 nylon, na manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is a long chain synthe
49、tic polyamide in which lessthan 85 % of the amide linkages,linkagesCNHiO(1)are attached directly to two aromatic rings.are attached directly to two aromatic rings.3.3.17 polyester, na manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composedof at least 85 % by weight of an ester of a substituted aromatic carboxylic acid, including but not restricted to substitutedterephthalate units,pROC C6 H4 CO!pRCiC6H4 ipRCOC6H4O(2)and para-substituted hydroxy-benzoate units.and
