1、Designation: E1638 10Standard TerminologyRelating to Sieves, Sieving Methods, and Screening Media1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1638; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONParticle size analysis through the use of standard test sieves, and particle separation through the useof screening media, are commo
3、nly adopted methods of achieving desired process specificationsrelated to particles. To ensure a better understanding of sizing and separation systems and processesand to ensure appropriate comparison of data, terminology common to the processes must bedocumented and defined.For Subcommittee E29.01
4、on Sieves, Sieving Methods, and Screening Media, this is an ongoingprocess of developing new related terms. Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, precision,and clarity for the terms included. Suggestions and comments for additions, corrections, and revisionsare welcomed.1. Scope1.1 This ter
5、minology includes all those terms used in all ofthe standards under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E29.01.Terms are defined that are related to the manufacture ofstandard test sieves and screening media, as well as termsrelated to the methods, analysis, procedures, and equipment forsizing and sepa
6、rating particles.1.2 Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterizationfeels that it is essential to include terms and definitions explicitto the scope, regardless of whether the terms appear in existingASTM standards. Terms that are in common usage and appearin common-language dictionaries are ge
7、nerally not included.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2ASTM STP 447B Manual on Testing Seiving MethodsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO 2395 Test Sieves and Test SievingVocabulary.3. Significance and Use3.1 This terminology contains terms
8、used in the descriptionand procedure of analysis of the size of particulate materialsthrough sieve analysis with standard testing sieves and isapplicable to the work of many ASTM technical committees.For a composite listing of published ASTM standards usingstandard testing sieves, refer to ASTM STP
9、447B.3.2 While some of the terms appearing in this terminologymay also be used in the description, procedure, and endproducts of production screening (either on a batch-fed orcontinuous basis), it is the intent of this terminology to presentthe definitions and usage of terms strictly in the context
10、ofsieve analysis using standard testing sieves.4. Terminology4.1 Definitions:agglomerate, ntwo or more particles adhering together.aperture size, nthe dimension defining an opening in ascreening or sieving medium.bar, nthe metal between perforations.blank, nan unperforated area located other than al
11、ong theperimeter of a plate.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E29 on Particleand Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.01on Sieves, Sieving Methods, and Screening Media.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Ori
12、ginallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E1638 09. DOI:10.1520/E1638-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docu
13、ment Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.break-out, va term ap
14、plied to the action that occurs ahead ofthe punch in its going through the plate.DISCUSSIONThe fracturing of the material results in a tapered holewith the small dimensions on the punch side.bulk density, nthe mass per unit volume of a material,including voids inherent in the material as tested.cent
15、ers, nthe dimensional sum of one perforation and onebar, or the dimensional distance from the center of oneperforation to the center of an adjacent pliance test sieve, na test sieve manufactured usingsieve cloth which has been inspected prior to being mountedin the sieve frame, and that meets the re
16、quirements ofSpecification E11, Table 1, in part based on the standarddeviation of the required number of sample openings per 100square feet of sieve cloth (Column 7) not exceeding themaximum allowable for a confidence level of 66 % (Column8).cumulative oversize distribution graph, na graph obtained
17、by plotting the total (cumulative) percentage by the massretained on each of a set of sieves versus the correspondingaperture sizes.cumulative undersize distribution graph, na graph ob-tained by plotting the total (cumulative) percentage by themass passing each of a set of sieves versus the correspo
18、ndingaperture sizes.die side, nthe surface of the plate that was against the dieduring the punching operation.finished end pattern, nthe condition that occurs with somespecifications of staggered pattern perforations as a result oftool design where the pattern is completed on both ends ofthe plate.m
19、argin or border, nan unperforated area located along theperimeter of a plate.matched test sieve, na test sieve that reproduces theperformance results of a calibration sieve within definedlimits for a designated material.median particle size, nthe particle size at which half thedistribution (by mass,
20、 volume, number, etc.) is larger thanand half smaller than the stated size.mesh, nthe number of wires or openings per linear inch or25.4 millimetres, counted from the center of any wire to apoint exactly one inch or 25.4 millimetres distant, includingthe fractional distance between either thereof.ne
21、ar size particle, na particle of a size approximately equalto the aperture size of the sieve that may block an opening.ISO 2395particle size distribution, nin sieve analysis, the percent-ages, by mass or number, of all fractions into which varioussizes of particles are classified.percent retained, n
22、mass fraction percentage of material thatis left upon or retained by the sieve after the test has beenperformed.plain weave, nsieve cloth in which the warp wires and shutewires pass over one and under one in both directions.rectangular (off-count) mesh, nEither precrimp or doublecrimp wire cloth hav
23、ing a different number of wires in thewarp and shute, producing rectangular openings; the diam-eter of the warp and shute wires may be the same ordifferent.representative sample, na sample taken from a quantity ofmaterial that exhibits the characteristics of the originalmaterial from which it was ta
24、ken.selvage, nthe edge or border of wire cloth finished off so asto prevent unraveling; examples of finished edges includelooped selvage, folded selvage, cut and tucked, welded,plastic bonded, and bent-back picket, as opposed to a raw orcut edge.shute wires, nthe wires running the short way of, or a
25、crossthe cloth as woven (also referred to as the shoot, fill, or weftwires).sieve, na plate, sheet, or woven wire cloth, or other device,with regularly spaced apertures of uniform size, mounted ina suitable frame or holder, for use in separating materialaccording to size. The terms sieve and screen
26、can be usedinterchangeably.sieve analysis, nthe act of obtaining a particle size distribu-tion using test sieves.sieve cloth, nwoven wire cloth conforming to SpecificationE11. E11sieve shaker, nthe mechanical device or method used toshake the sieves.sleaziness, nwire cloth that does not exhibit firm
27、ness.smooth side or punch side, nthe surface of the plate thatwas the uppermost during the punching operation andthrough which the punch entered the plate.test sieve (wire cloth), na sieve manufactured by mountingsieve cloth in a frame, designed for use in particle sieveanalysis by sieving.unfinishe
28、d end pattern, nthe condition that occurs withsome specifications of staggered pattern perforations as aresult of tool design.DISCUSSIONOne end of the plate the pattern will appear to beincomplete due to unperforated holes in the even numbered rows.While on the other end of the same plate, the patte
29、rn will appear to beincomplete due to unperforated holes in the odd numbered rows.warp wires, nthe wires running the long way of the cloth aswoven.5. Keywords5.1 particle measurement; particle size; particles; particu-late; screen; screening; sieve; sieve analysis; standard testingsieveE1638 102This
30、 standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Inter
31、national Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown b
32、elow.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E1638 103
