1、Designation: E 1730 04Standard Specification forRigid Foam for Use in Structural Sandwich Panel Cores1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1730; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers rigid, closed cell,
3、 polyurethaneand polyisocyanurate thermal insulation for sandwich panelsused in shelter construction for exposure to ambient tempera-tures of 25 to 160F (32 to 71C). Painted surfaces ofshelters in actual field use reach temperatures of 200F (93C).The materials in this specification must be capable o
4、f with-standing processing, (laminating) temperatures of 110C(230F).1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method port
5、ion, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-t
6、ions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulating Materi-alsC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means
7、ofthe Guarded Hot Plate ApparatusC 273 Test Method for Shear Properties in Flatwise Plane ofFlat Sandwich Constructions or Sandwich CoresC 366 Test Methods for Measurement of Thickness ofSandwich CoresC 390 Criteria for Sampling and Acceptance of PreformedThermal Insulation LotsC 518 Test Method for
8、 Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 550 Practice for Measuring Trueness and Squareness ofRigid Block Thermal InsulationD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidCellular
9、PlasticsD 1622 Test Method forApparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD 1623 Test Method for Tensile and Tensile AdhesionProperties of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD 2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD 2856 Test Method for Open Cell Content of Rigid Cel-lu
10、lar Plastics by the Air Pycnometer2.2 Code of Federal Regulations Aeronautics and Space:14 CFR 25.853 (Federal Air Regulation 25.853) Compart-ment Interior (Amend. 25-72)32.3 Federal Standard:QQ-A-25011 Aluminum Alloy 6061-T6 Plate and Sheet4QQ-A-260/11 Aluminum Alloy 6081, Plate and Sheet42.4 Milit
11、ary Standards:MIL STD 105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-tion by Attributes42.5 Other Documents:5Aircraft Materials Fire Test Handbook, DOT/FAA/AR-00/12Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) 25.8533. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terms used in this specification aredefined in Terminologies C 1
12、68 and D 883.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is under the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE06.53 on Materials and Processes for Durable Rigidwall Relocatable Structures.Current edition approved Nov 1, 2004. Published November 20
13、04. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 1730 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary p
14、age onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.5Available from Nation
15、al Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 3460, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Classification4.1 The unfaced foam thermal insulation boards covered bythis spe
16、cification are classified as follows:4.1.1 Type 1Nominal density: 32 kg/m3(2.0 lb/ft3).4.1.2 Type 2Nominal density: 48 kg/m3(3.0 lb/ft3).4.1.3 Type 3Nominal density: 64 kg/m3(4.0 lb/ft3).4.1.4 Type 4Nominal density: 192 kg/m3(12.0 lb/ft3).5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for materials purchased und
17、er this specificationshall include the following:5.1.1 Designation of this specification,5.1.2 Product name and type, or both,5.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances,5.1.4 Impact resistance test specimen preparation,5.1.5 Material marking requirements, and5.1.6 Packaging requirements.6. Foam6.1 The morpholo
18、gy of the insulation shall consist of amultitude of individual cells of uniform size and dimension,essentially closed off from each other, homogeneous through-out, free of voids, accumulations of unexpanded material,foreign inclusions, or seams (see Table 1).7. Dimensions and Tolerances7.1 The dimen
19、sions, squareness, and tolerances shall bespecified by the purchaser.8. Qualification8.1 When required by the purchaser, materials suppliedunder this specification must be tested for and meet theproperties listed in Table 2. Having a qualified product does notobviate the supplier from continued, ong
20、oing product compli-ance with all requirements to this specification.8.2 In addition to meeting the requirements of the testsstipulated in Table 2 as manufactured, the compressive, tensile,and shear properties must also meet these requirements afterhaving been preconditioned for4hat110C (230F), anda
21、llowed to equilibrate in accordance with 11.2.8.3 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, qualifiedmaterials remain qualified as long as there are no changes inproduct formulation, critical raw materials, that is, isocyanatesand polyols, basic methods of manufacture, or plant location.9. Accept
22、ance9.1 Lot Size for Acceptance TestingFor the purpose ofacceptance testing a lot is defined as a single, identifiable,production run using raw materials from a single batch.9.2 Acceptance Testing (Physical Properties)A represen-tative sample shall be selected from each foam lot and testedfor the fo
23、llowing physical properties:Property Requirement MethodDensity Table 2 12.1Compressive strength Table 2 12.3Shear strength Table 2 12.5Flame resistance Table 2 12.89.3 Sampling for Acceptance (Examination):9.3.1 Samples for quality conformance examination shall beselected in accordance with Inspecti
24、on Level II of MIL STD105.9.3.2 When the conditions for reduced inspection specifiedin MIL-STD-105 have been complied with, a reduced sam-pling in lieu of full sampling shall be instituted. Sampling forreduced inspection shall be in accordance with Criteria C 390(Inspection Level S-2 of MIL STD 105)
25、.9.4 Examination:9.4.1 Samples selected in accordance with 9.3 shall beexamined for characteristics listed in Table 1.9.4.2 Visual examination shall consist of scanning for sur-face characteristics.9.4.3 Dimensional measurements shall be made with cali-pers, rules, and tape rules as appropriate to t
26、he specifiedtolerances. In cases of dispute or when specifically invoked bythe purchaser, the methodology and procedures of MethodC 336 or Practice C 550 shall be utilized.9.4.4 The Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) for major char-acteristics shall be 1.0 % and for minor characteristics shall be2.5 %.9
27、.4.5 Seams (see Table 1) are defined as: a plane ofundermixed material, or a fold which developed within therising foam mass that reduces the tensile strength of the foam.When viewed normal to a cut sheet, a seam appears as a line onthe foam surface. This condition must be differentiated fromsimple
28、discoloration (arising from the same causes but not aspronounced) that have no appreciable effect on foam strength.This condition shall be evaluated by taking a sample, (not toexceed 51 mm (2 in.) thick from the sheet and bending it overa 305 mm (12 in.) cylinder to failure. If the failure planefoll
29、ows the discontinuity then the discontinuity shall be con-sidered a seam.10. Physical Property Requirements10.1 The rigid, cellular polyurethane or polyisocyanuratefoam shall have limiting property values as shown in Table 2.11. Test Preconditioning11.1 A period of at least 72 h must elapse from the
30、 time offoam manufacture until the cutting of any test specimens.11.2 Unless otherwise specified, by the purchaser, the testspecimens shall be conditioned at 24 6 2C (75 6 9F) and atrelative humidity of less than 60 % for at least 12 h prior totesting.TABLE 1 Classification of CharacteristicsCharact
31、eristic Major MinorMethod ofInspectionLength, width, and thickness X . 9.4.3Edge squareness X . 9.4.3Holes through board exceeding 40 mm2for each 92900 mm2(0.0625 in.2for each square foot) of areaX . 9.4.2Crushed foam X . 9.4.2Voids larger than 40 mm (0.0625 in.2) X . 9.4.2Unexpanded material . X 9.
32、4.2Foreign inclusions . X 9.4.2Contaminants . X 9.4.2Seams X . 9.4.5E173004212. Test Methods12.1 DensityDetermine the density in accordance withTest Method D 1622.12.2 Thermal ConductivityDetermine the thermal con-ductivity in accordance with Test Method C 177 or TestMethod C 518 at mean temperature
33、s of 5, 24, and 52C (41,75, 120F) after conditioning for 7 6 1 days at 24 6 2C (756 3F) and less than 60 % relative humidity from time ofmanufacture. The heat flow is to be measured parallel to therise of the foam. Requirements for thermal conductivity aregiven in Table 2.12.3 Compressive StrengthDe
34、termine the compressivestrength in accordance with Procedure A of Test MethodD 1621, or by Test Method C 165. The compressive force is tobe applied parallel to the rise direction of the foam.12.4 Tensile StrengthDetermine the tensile strength inaccordance with Test Method D 1623. The tensile force i
35、s to beapplied parallel to the rise direction of the foam.12.5 Shear StrengthDetermine the shear strength in ac-cordance with Test Method C 273. Apply the shear forceperpendicular to the rise direction of the foam. Specimenthickness shall be 13 mm (0.5 in.).12.6 Closed CellDetermine the percent clos
36、ed cell inaccordance with Procedure A or B of Test Method D 2856.12.7 Dimensional StabilityDetermine the dimensionalstability in accordance with Test Method D 2126, at approxi-mately 70 6 2C (158 6 4F) and ambient humidity. The testduration shall be 836 h (two weeks).12.8 Flame ResistanceDetermine t
37、he flame resistance inaccordance with Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) 25.853Part-1App. F (a) (1)(1) 60 second vertical ignition. Specimensize shall be: 8 in. minimum length, by 3 in. nominal width. bythe minimum thickness used for construction, or if unknown,0.5 6 0.015 in.The flame shall be appl
38、ied to the cut, unfinishedlower edge of the specimen in accordance with the AircraftMaterials Fire Test Handbook, Chapter 1. Report the averageextinguishment time and burn the distance of three determina-tions. (WarningThis test should be used to measure anddescribe the properties of materials, prod
39、ucts, or assemblies inresponse to heat and flame under controlled laboratory condi-tions and should not be used to describe or appraise the firehazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies underactual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be usedas elements of a fire risk a
40、ssessment that takes into account allof the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the firehazard of a particular end use.)12.9 Impact Resistance:12.9.1 Specimen PreparationThe foam specimen shall be610 6 1.6 mm (24.0 6 0.082 in.) long by 610 6 1.6 mm wideby 50 by 0.4 mm (2.0 6 0.015 in.) th
41、ick. Bond each 610 mmface of the foam specimen to a 0.8 mm (0.032 in.) thick6061-T6 aluminum sheet, (QQ-A-250/11). Cleaning, adhesive,and bonding method will be as specified or approved by thecustomer (see 5.1.4).12.9.2 TestingDetermine impact resistance as follows:Drop a 31.7 kg (70 lb) steel cylin
42、der 3 in. in diameter andhemispherical at one end vertically 406 mm (16 in.) for Type1 foam and 762 mm (30 in.) for Types 2, 3, and 4 foams, so thatthe hemispherical end of the weight strikes the center of theouter skin of the specimen on a horizontal plane. The cylindershall not be permitted to re-
43、impact the specimen after the firstimpact. Support the specimen along its four edges by aframework backed by concrete. The frame shall be made offour pieces of 2 by 4 (nominal) lumber, rigidly bolted togetherto form a square 610 mm (24 in.) on a side (outside dimension),100 mm (4 in. nominal) high,
44、so that the frame rests on the 50mm (2 in. nominal) faces. The panel specimen shall have thefour edge surfaces bound with a 25 mm (1 in.) flange channelframe of skin material attached through flanges by18 in. blindrivets on 100 mm (4 in.) centers and shall be bolted to theframe with a minimum of two
45、14 in. diameter bolts per edge(see Fig. 1). Tighten the bolts against the specimen and thenback off so that there is a nominal gap of 0.25 mm (0.010 in.)between the bolt head and the panel.12.9.3 EvaluationAfter the test, cross section the speci-men through the impact area and examine. Impact shall
46、notresult in rupture to either skin. No delamination between skinsTABLE 2 Physical and Mechanical PropertiesRequirement Procedure Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 ParagraphDensity, kg/m3(lb/ft3), max 41.6 (2.6) 55.7 (3.6) 72 (4.5) 192 (13) 12.1Thermal conductivity, W/mK (Btu-in./hr-2F), max 12.2at approx
47、imately 5C (41F) mean 0.036 (0.250) 0.037 (0.257) 0.037 (0.257) not requiredat approximately 24C (79F) mean 0.036 (0.250) 0.037 (0.257) 0.037 (0.257) not requiredat approximately 52C (120F) mean 0.036 (0.250) 0.037 (0.257) 0.037 (0.257) not requiredCompressive strength at 10 % deflection or at yield
48、, kPa (psi), min 172.4 (25) 275.8 (40) 448.2 (65) 2758 (400) 12.3Tensile strength, kPa (psi), min 206.8 (30) 344.7 (50) 517.1 (75) 1896 (275) 12.4Shear strength, kPa (psi), min 172.4 (25) 241.2 (35) 275.8 (40) 1034 (150) 12.5Closed cell (%), min 95 95 95 95 12.6Dimensional stabilityLinear D% 61.5 61
49、.5 61.5 61.5 12.7Volumetric D% 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.5Flame resistanceExtinguish time: max, s 15 15 15 15 12.8Burn distance: mm (in.), max 152 (6) 152 (6) 152 (6) 152 (6)Impact resistance, paragraph 12.9 12.9 12.9 12.9 12.9.1E1730043and core or crushing of core is allowed outside a 3 in. radiusfrom the center of the impact.13. Packaging13.1 Cleaning, preservation, marking, and packaging shallbe in accordance with the applicable packaging standard orpackaging data sheet for the level of protection specified by theprocuring agency (se
