1、Designation: E1799 08 E1799 12Standard Practice forVisual Inspections of Photovoltaic Modules1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures and criteria for visual inspections of photovoltaic modules.1.2 Visual inspections of photovoltaic modul
3、es are normally performed before and after modules have been subjected toenvironmental, electrical, or mechanical stress testing, such as thermal cycling, humidity-freeze cycling, damp heat exposure,ultraviolet exposure, mechanical loading, hail impact testing, outdoor exposure, or other stress test
4、ing that may be part ofphotovoltaic module testing sequence.1.3 This practice does not establish pass or fail levels. The determination of acceptable or unacceptable results is beyond thescope of this practice.1.4 There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to a
5、ddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E772 Terminol
6、ogy of Solar Energy ConversionE1328 Terminology Relating to Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion (Withdrawn 2012)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions Definitions of terms used in this practice may be found in Terminology E772 and Terminology E1328.4. Significance and Use4.1 Environmental stress tests, suc
7、h as those listed in 1.2, are normally used to evaluate module designs prior to production orpurchase. These test methods rely on performing electrical tests and visual inspections of modules before and after stress testingto determine the effects of the exposures.4.2 Effects of environmental stress
8、 testing may vary from no effects to significant changes. Some physical changes in themodule may be visible when there are no measurable electrical changes. Similarly, electrical changes in the module may occur withno visible changes.4.3 It is the intent of this practice to provide a recognized proc
9、edure for performing visual inspections and to specify effects thatshould be reported.4.4 Many of these effects are subjective. In order to determine if a module has passed a visual inspection, the user of this practicemust specify what changes or conditions are acceptable. The user may have to judg
10、e whether changes noted during an inspectionwill limit the useful life of a module design.5. Procedure5.1 Pre-Test InspectionInspections performed prior to any environmental stress tests must document the module condition sothat any changes that occur during testing can be identified during the post
11、-test inspection.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E44 on Solar, Geothermal and Other Alternative Energy Sources and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E44.09 on Photovoltaic Electric Power Conversion.Current edition approved April 1, 2008Dec. 1, 2012. Published Ma
12、y 2008December 2012. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 asE1799-02.08. DOI: 10.1520/E1799-08.10.1520/E1799-12.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Stand
13、ardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible
14、to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
15、nshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.1 Visually inspect each module to determine the presence or absence of anomalies or defects. Optical magnification is notrequired. Such anomalies or defects should include, but are not limited to:5.1.1.1 Shipping damage,5.1.1.2 Poor workmanship,5.1.1.3 De
16、fects in mounting brackets or structures,5.1.1.4 Cracking, shrinkage, distortion, or tacky surfaces of polymeric materials,5.1.1.5 Failure of adhesive bonding,5.1.1.6 Bubbles or delamination of encapsulant materials,5.1.1.7 Presence of foreign material,5.1.1.8 Corrosion of fasteners, mechanical memb
17、ers, or electrical circuit elements,5.1.1.9 Voids in or corrosion of any thin-film photovoltaic layers,5.1.1.10 Discoloration of superstrate encapsulating materials,5.1.1.11 Discoloration of active photovoltaic elements,5.1.1.12 Broken, cracked, etched, scratched, wrinkled, or torn external surfaces
18、,5.1.1.13 Broken or cracked active photovoltaic elements,5.1.1.14 Broken, cracked, or faulty electrical interconnections,5.1.1.15 Cracked or damaged structural elements,5.1.1.16 A photovoltaic cell touching another cell or the module frame,5.1.1.17 Electrical terminals not bonded to the module or th
19、e module junction box,5.1.1.18 Missing, peeling, or damaged metal layers on cell surfaces, and5.1.1.19 Any additional anomalies or defects specified by the user of this practice that are evident.5.1.2 Record the results of the visual inspection so that any changes that occur during subsequent testin
20、g can be identified. Theserecords may be any combination of descriptions, diagrams, or images of any anomalies or defects noticed during the inspection.The location of any anomalies or defects must be unambiguously documented.5.2 Post-Test Inspection:5.2.1 Repeat 5.1.1, using identical lighting or e
21、xamination conditions.5.2.2 Repeat 5.1.2. It is not necessary to record anomalies or defects that were previously documented in the pre-test inspectionunless the anomalies or defects have visibly changed during the subsequent testing.5.3 Comparison:5.3.1 Compare the results of the pre- and post-test
22、 inspections to determine the visible effects of the environmental stress testingon the test samples.6. Report6.1 The report shall include the following items as a minimum:6.1.1 Any anomalies or defects, in addition to the criteria of 5.1.1, that the inspections were required to document (see 5.1.1.
23、19),6.1.2 Results of both visual inspections as recorded in 5.1 and 5.2, and6.1.3 Determination of the visible effects of the environmental stress testing from 5.3.7. Keywords7.1 energy; inspections; modules; photovoltaics; solar; testing; visualASTM International takes no position respecting the va
24、lidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is su
25、bject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headqu
26、arters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This stand
27、ard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.E1799 122
