ASTM E1858-2003 Standard Test Method for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry《用差示扫描量热法测定烃类氧化感应时间的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM E1858-2003 Standard Test Method for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry《用差示扫描量热法测定烃类氧化感应时间的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E1858-2003 Standard Test Method for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry《用差示扫描量热法测定烃类氧化感应时间的标准试验方法》.pdf(6页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E 1858 03Standard Test Method forDetermining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons byDifferential Scanning Calorimetry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1858; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes the determination of theoxidative properties of hydrocarbons by di
3、fferential scanningcalorimetry or pressure differential scanning calorimetry and isapplicable to hydrocarbons that oxidize exothermically in theiranalyzed form.1.2 Computer or electronic-based instruments, techniquesor data treatment equivalent to this test method may also beused.NOTE 1Since all ele
4、ctronic data treatments are not equivalent, theuser shall verify equivalency to this method.1.3 Test Method A A differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) is used at ambient pressure, for example, about 100 kPaof oxygen.1.4 Test Method B A pressure DSC (PDSC) is used at highpressure, for example, 3.5 MP
5、a (500 psig) oxygen.1.5 SI values are the standard.1.6 This test method is related to ISO 113576 but isdifferent in technical content. This test method is related toCEC L-85T but includes additional experimental conditions.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if a
6、ny, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Note 6 and Note 14.2. Referenced Documents2
7、.1 ASTM Standards:D 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastic Pipe andFitting Materials2D 3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry3D 4565 Test Method for Physical Environmental Perfor-mance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecom-
8、munications Wire and Cable4D 5482 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lu-bricating Greases by Pressure Differential Scanning Calo-rimetry5D 5885 Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Poly-olefin Geosynthics By High Pressure Differential ScanningCalorimetry6D 6186 Test Method for Oxidat
9、ion Induction Time of Lu-bricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorim-etry (PDSC) Polyolefin Geosynthics By High PressureDifferential Scanning Calorimetry7E 473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis8E 691 Practice for Conducting and Interlaboratory Study ToDetermine the Precision of a
10、 Test Method8E 967 Practice for Temperature Calibration of DifferentialScanning Calorimeters8E 1860 Test Method for Elapsed Time Calibration of Ther-mal Analyzers82.2 Other Standards:ISO 113576 Plastice-Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC) Part 6: Oxidation Induction Time9CEC L-85T Hot Surface Oxi
11、dation103. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Specific technical terms used in this test method aregiven in Terminology E 473.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The test specimen in an aluminum pan and the referencealuminum pan are heated to a specified constant test tempera-ture in an oxygen environment. H
12、eat flow out of the specimenis monitored at an isothermal temperature until the oxidativereaction is manifested by heat evolution on the thermal curve.The oxidative induction time (OIT), a relative measure ofoxidative stability at the test temperature, is determined from1This test method is under th
13、e direct jurisdiction of Committee E37 on ThermalMeasurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on TestMethods and Recommended Practices.Current edition approved March 10, 2003. Published April 2003. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E 185800
14、.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.8Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.9Avai
15、lable from ANSI, 11 W. 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.10Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.data recorded during the isothermal test. The OIT m
16、easurementis initiated upon reaching the isothermal test temperature.4.2 For some particularly stable materials, the OIT may bequite long ( 120 min) at the specified elevated temperatures ofthe experiment. Under these circumstances, the OIT may bereduced by increasing the isothermal temperature or i
17、ncreasingthe pressure of oxygen purge gas, or both. Conversely, reac-tions that proceed too rapidly, with a short OIT, may beextended by decreasing the test temperature or reducing thepartial pressure of oxygen, or both. By admixing oxygen gaswith a suitable diluent, for example, nitrogen, the OIT w
18、ill beincreased (see Test Methods D 3895, D 4565, D 5482, D 6186,and Specification D 3350).NOTE 2For some systems, the use of copper pans to catalyzeoxidation will reduce the oxidation induction time for a particulartemperature. The results, however, will not correlate with non-catalyzedtests.5. Sig
19、nificance and Use5.1 Oxidative induction time is a relative measure of thedegree of oxidative stability of the material evaluated at theisothermal temperature of the test. The presence, quantity oreffectiveness of antioxidants may be determined by thismethod. The OIT values thus obtained may be comp
20、ared fromone hydrocarbon to another or to a reference material to obtainrelative oxidative stability information.5.2 Typical uses include the oxidative stability of edible oilsand fats (oxidative rancidity), lubricants, greases, and polyole-fins.6. Apparatus6.1 Differential Scanning Calorimeter or P
21、ressure Differen-tial Scanning Calorimeter, the essential instrumentation re-quired to provide the minimum differential scanning calorimet-ric capability for this test method include:6.1.1 DSC Test Chamber, composed of:6.1.1.1 A Furnace(s), to provide uniform controlled heatingof a specimen and refe
22、rence to a constant temperature or at aconstant rate within the applicable temperature range of thistest method.6.1.1.2 A Temperature Sensor, to provide an indication ofthe specimen/furnace temperature to 60.4 C.6.1.1.3 Differential Sensors, to detect a heat flow differencebetween specimen and refer
23、ence with a sensitivity of 5 W.6.1.1.4 A means of sustaining a Test Chamber Environmentof a purge gas of 50 mL/min within 5 %.6.1.2 Temperature Controller, capable of executing a spe-cific temperature program by operating the furnace(s) betweenselected temperature limits at a rate of temperature cha
24、nge of40 C/min constant to 1 % and an isothermal temperatureconstant to 60.4 CNOTE 3In certain cases when the sample under study is of highvolatility (for example, low molecular weight hydrocarbons), either theuse of pressures in excess of one atmosphere or lower temperatures maybe required. The ope
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