1、Designation: E1889 97 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Guide forPavement Management Implementation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers basic procedures to follow in imple-menting an effective pavement management process. Pavementmanagement includes activi
3、ties and decisions related to pro-viding and maintaining pavements, many of which must bemade with supporting information that should be generatedfrom a pavement management system (PMS). Implementationis considered complete when pavement management is aroutine part of the management process, and the
4、 agency utilizesthe pavement management process to make relevant decisions,including funding decisions.1.2 The guide is intended for use by agencies that managepavements including those on airfields, highways, parking lots,roads and streets.1.3 Pavement management, as discussed in this guide, isexer
5、cised at network and project-level as described in GuideE1166, and the AASHTO Guidelines for Pavement Manage-ment Systems.1.4 No reference is made to the time needed to complete theimplementation. The amount of time will depend on the size ofthe pavement network and the resources available to suppor
6、timplementation.1.5 This guide is not a standard method or practice, that is,it is not intended to provide exact steps that must be followedby every agency implementing a pavement management pro-cess. It is expected that each agency will use the material in thisguide to develop an implementation pla
7、n to meet the needs andconstraints unique to the agency.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bilit
8、y of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E867 Terminology Relating to Vehicle-Pavement SystemsE1166 Guide for Network Level Pavement Management2.2 AASHTO Standard:Guidelines for Pavement Management Systems33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology used in th
9、is guide conformsto the terminology included in Terminology E867.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 championan advocate, or small group of advocates,in an agency that recognizes the need for a pavement manage-ment system and works to get it adopted and implemented.4. Significan
10、ce and Use4.1 This guide provides potential and current pavementmanagement users with an outline of the process and steps tofollow when implementing and operating pavement manage-ment systems.4.2 This guide may be used by the following:4.2.1 Individuals within agencies interested in finding infor-ma
11、tion about pavement management to determine if they wantto pursue implementation;4.2.2 Pavement engineers, maintenance supervisors or otherpersons trying to get agency management personnel to committo implementing a pavement management system within theiragency;4.2.3 Personnel in an agency in which
12、the decision toimplement a pavement management system has been made butwhere the pavement management processes, pavement man-agement decision support software or data collection proce-dures, or both, have not been selected;1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle -Pavem
13、ent Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.42 onPavement Testing and Evaluation.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E1889 97 (2002).DOI: 10.1520/E1889-97R09.2For referenced ASTM st
14、andards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (A
15、ASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2.4 Personnel in an agency that is developing a databaseand beginning use of a newly adopt
16、ed pavement managementsystem; and4.2.5 Personnel in an agency that have a pavement manage-ment system in place and are trying to make the pavementmanagement process a routine part of the agency decisionmaking.5. Procedure5.1 Pavement Management ImplementationAlthough thissection appears sequentially
17、, an agency may start at any pointbased on the status of pavement management implementationin that agency. Some of the steps may be completed concur-rently and other steps may or may not be needed by individualagencies. It may be necessary at times to backup and repeatpreviously completed steps.5.2
18、Deciding that Pavement Management is Needed in theAgencySections 5.2-5.2.5 provide information to guide thechampion through a process of deciding to pursue implemen-tation of a pavement management system in the agency.5.2.1 First KnowledgeThe champion recognizes a need tochange or enhance the manner
19、 in which decisions are madeabout pavements in the agency.5.2.2 Information GatheringThe champion develops theknowledge necessary to envision how pavement managementwould benefit the agency and the forms of pavement manage-ment that would be appropriate for the agency. The championshould gather info
20、rmation about pavement management thatwill help in formulating the agencys objectives and purposes.The information would include items such as the determinationof what information is desired, how the process would be used,what answers it could provide, how much it would cost toimplement, the benefit
21、s it would provide, and what changeswould be required in the existing agency. This includes thedevelopment of a set of well defined preliminary goals.5.2.3 Decision to PursueThe champion decides to ac-tively pursue adoption of pavement management in the orga-nization based on the benefits and costs
22、associated withpavement management implementation. The champion mustbe able to compare advantages and disadvantages of potentialpavement management processes with current proceduresbased on information developed in 5.2.2. The preliminarygoals of the pavement management system should be clearlyoutlin
23、ed at this time.5.2.4 Develop AlliancesPavement management usuallycrosses several traditional divisions of authority within anagency. Members of each agency division that must interactwith the pavement management process may be able toprevent, or retard, adoption. An alliance of key individuals inea
24、ch affected division should be developed, and they shouldformulate an initial set of goals.5.2.5 Getting Pavement Management on the AgendaInmost agencies, innovations which affect the managementefforts of several divisions, such as pavement management,must be approved by at least the agency director
25、 and often byelected officials. Pavement management must become a part ofthe agenda, formal or informal, from which the decisionmakers work.5.3 Obtaining an Agency DecisionSections 5.3-5.3.5 pro-vide information to guide the champion through a process tolead the agency to a decision to adopt a pavem
26、ent managementsystem. The pavement management champion must convincethe agency management that formalized pavement manage-ment is appropriate for the agency. The method of decisionmaking within the agency will have an impact on how thepavement management champion organizes the information,gets the t
27、opic on the agenda (formal or informal) and developssupport for the pavement management decision, but it has littleimpact on the information needed. The champion must guidethe agency through the same general steps that the championwent through in deciding to pursue adopting pavement man-agement.5.3.
28、1 Agency PersuasionThe champion must convinceagency management that adopting a pavement managementsystem is to their advantage. Knowledge of the principles ofpavement management, problems with the current process, andadvantages of pavement management systems are needed tocomplete this.5.3.2 Agency D
29、ecisionThe agency decision makers de-cide they want to adopt pavement management. Documentedinformation on the benefits and costs associated with pavementmanagement are needed at this time. Results from otheragencies can be used to demonstrate the results of adoptingpavement management. The decision
30、 to adopt can be condi-tional based on using a trial implementation, and the finalimplementation decision can be made when satisfactory resultshave been obtained from the trial implementation.5.3.3 Form a Steering CommitteeA steering committeeshould be formed of upper level management personnel andp
31、ossibly include elected or appointed commission officials. Alldivisions affected by or involved in the implementation of apavement management system should be represented on thiscommittee. This committee should provide the support neededto facilitate the changes created by the pavement managementsys
32、tem crossing traditional lines of authority. They shouldprepare goals for the implementation group. These goalsshould be based on the purpose of the proposed system aspreviously outlined in 5.2.1-5.2.5.5.3.4 Gain Commitment for ResourcesReal commitmenthas been achieved in most agencies when resource
33、s have beencommitted. The steering committee should ensure that ad-equate resources to support pavement management implemen-tation, including funding, have been allocated.5.3.5 Form an Implementation GroupThe implementa-tion group will convert the goals prepared by the steeringcommittee into a work
34、plan which details the tasks andresources required to implement the pavement managementsystem. This group will be responsible for the day-to-dayimplementation efforts. In small agencies the implementationgroup may be a single person, hopefully the pavement man-agement champion. In larger agencies, a
35、 separate pavementmanagement work group may be formed.5.4 Selecting and Testing Pavement ManagementProcessesSections 5.4-5.4.6 provide information to guidethe agency through the process to select appropriate proceduresfor the pavement management systems. At this point, theE1889 97 (2009)2decision to
36、 adopt, or at least complete a trial implementationof, pavement management has been reached by the agency. Thepavement management system components, including softwareand data collection processes, have not as yet been fixed. Thisphase normally includes matching and restructuring processesas the age
37、ncy identifies the pavement management systemcomponents, data collection methods and management proce-dures that meet the needs and constraints of the agency.5.4.1 Organizational AnalysisThe implementation groupmust understand how the agency operates to determine how apavement management systems can
38、 be used to support orimprove the decision making process. They must comparedecision making with the support of a pavement managementsystem to the existing process to determine how it can be usedto facilitate the existing decision making or alleviate existingproblems.5.4.1.1 This should include a re
39、view of the agency structure,the communication flow, data collection processes, existingdata bases, data flows, decision making processes, and otheraffected infrastructure management systems. The implementa-tion group must have this information to demonstrate theproblem and show how available paveme
40、nt managementdecision support software and processes provide the neededsolutions. They must demonstrate the relative advantage pro-vided by the pavement management processes and theircompatibility with existing procedures or how they will ad-dress deficiencies of the existing procedures.5.4.2 Select
41、 and Design SystemPavement managementprocesses, decision support software, and hardware require-ments must be selected or developed to provide the supportneeded by the agency while fitting the constraints imposed bythe resources available. The data to be collected, the cycle ofdata collection, and r
42、equirements to update the database mustbe designated based on the data standards and definitions.Basic decisions about division of effort between network-leveland project-level pavement management processes as well asthe interface between network and project-level managementmust be made. Requirement
43、s for training resources and soft-ware support should be defined. All of this must be based onthe support needed as determined in the organizational analysisdescribed in 5.4.1 to ensure that the adopted procedures meetthe needs of the agency and can be implemented within theresources available to th
44、e agency.5.4.3 Modify Selected Pavement Management ProcessData collection procedures, management processes, and deci-sion support software selected in 5.4.2 are modified to fit theneeds and constraints of the specific agency. This may beextensive, or it may entail only small changes such as restruc-
45、turing a report.5.4.4 Prepare Staged Implementation PlanThe imple-mentation group uses the goals established by the steeringcommittee and information collected in 5.4.1 to develop animplementation plan in as much detail as possible. It may notbe possible to implement pavement management for a largen
46、etwork in a short time. Each data collection process, decisionsupport procedure, report, and data storage method must betried to determine if it matches the needs and constraints of theagency. Changes need to be planned and identified early toavoid costly revisions. The use of a trial implementation
47、 in astaged or phased implementation facilitates these adjustments.5.4.5 Implement Through Trial OperationA small per-centage of the network is used to test the pavement manage-ment procedures, decision support processes and data collec-tion procedures. The trial implementation should go throughever
48、y management step in the pavement management process.This allows the agency to try the system, and it serves as an aidin training the various users of pavement management whoshould be involved in the implementation efforts.5.4.6 Document ResultsThe results and costs of the trialoperation should be t
49、horoughly documented. Recommenda-tions for modifications to the adopted pavement managementsystem and implementation plan should be developed.5.5 Final Agency DecisionSections 5.5-5.5.3 provide theinformation to guide the agency to a final decision aboutpavement management and making revisions to the implemen-tation plan. The implementation group and steering committeepresents the results of the trial implementation to the agencymanagement. The agency may decide to repeat a few previoussteps because of problems encountered during the trial imple-mentation pr
